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SINGLE PHASE MEASUREMENT IN UME KIBBLE BALANCE – 3

Year 2022, Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 61 - 77, 01.04.2022

Abstract

Kibble Balance developed in National Metrology Institute of Turkey allows the new definition of kilogram to be realized in single phase where the Faraday’s Law of Induction and Lorentz Law of Force are tested simultaneously thanks to its design with moving magnet. Although there are numerous advantages of this design, like being less sensitive to environmental and experimental conditions, there appear the problem of distinguishing the voltage induced across the ends of the coil as a result of Faraday’s Law of Induction and the voltage due to the current delivered to coil to generate the Lorentz Force, with a relative uncertainty of some parts of a billion. In order to get the best possible performance of the digital multimeter measuring the voltage of the coil, a waveform generator is connected in series to the multimeter as a compensating voltage source so that the voltage due to the supplied current is almost eliminated in the input of the multimeter. However, temporal voltage fluctuations in the waveform generator may induce additional voltage at the coil. In this paper, we show that these random effects are eliminated with an uncertaınty of 15 ppb in case the experiment lasts for at least 48 hours.

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK UME

Project Number

G2ED-E1-03-I

Thanks

This research is funded by the TÜBİTAK National Metrology Institute of Turkey with project number G2ED-E1-03-I. The author sincerely thanks to Dr. Hacı Ahmedov and Recep Orhan for fruitful discussions.

References

  • Ahmedov, H., Babayiğit Aşkın, N., Korutlu, B., & Orhan, R. (2018). “Preliminary Planck constant measurements via UME oscillating magnet Kibble balance”. Metrologia, Vol. 53, 86–97.
  • Ahmedov, H., Celik M., Orhan, R., Korutlu, B., Hamid, R., & Sahin, E. (2020). “A UME Kibble Balance Displacement Measurement Procedure”. Acta IMEKO, Vol. 9:3, 11-16.
  • Ahmedov, H., Korutlu, B., Dorosinskiy, L., & Orhan, R. (2020). “External Magnetic Field Measurements in the UME Kibble Balance”. Acta IMEKO, Vol. 9:3, 33-39.
  • Bartl, G., Becker, P. Beckhoff, B. Bettin, H., Beyer, E., Borys, M., Busch, I., Cibik, L., D'Agostino, G., Darlatt, Di Luzio, E. M., Fujii, K. Fujimoto, H., Fujita, K., Kolbe, M. Krumrey, M., Kuramoto, N., Massa, E., Mecke, M., Mizushima, S., Müller, M., Narukawa, T., Nicolaus, A., Pramann, A., Rauch, D., Rienitz, O., Sasso, C. P., Stopic, A., Stosch, R., Waseda, A., Wundrack, S., Zhang, L., & Zhang, X. W. (2017). “A new 28Si single crystal: counting the atoms for the new kilogram definition”. Metrologia, Vol. 54, 693-715.
  • Baumann, H., Eichenberger, A., Cosandier, F., Jeckelmann, B., Clavel, R., Reber, D., & Tommasini, D. (2013). “Design of the new METAS watt balance experiment Mark II”. Metrologia, Vol. 50, 235–242.
  • Davidson, S. (2010). “Determination of the effect of transfer between vacuum and air on mass standards of platinum–iridium and stainless steel”. Metrologia, Vol. 47 487-497.
  • Fang, H., Bielsa, F., Li, S., Kiss, A., & Stock, M. (2020). “The BIPM Kibble balance for realizing the kilogram definition”. Metrologia, Vol. 57, 045009, 1-10.
  • Fujii, K., Bettin, H., Becker, P., Massa, E., Rienitz, O., Pramann, A., Nicolaus, A., Kuramoto, N., Busch, I., & Borys, M. (2016). “Realization of the kilogram by the XRCD method”. Metrologia, Vol. 53, A19–A45.
  • Haddad, D., Seifert, F., Chao, L. S., Possolo, A., Newell, D. B., Pratt, J. R., Williams, C. J., & Schlamminger, S. (2017). “Measurement of the Planck constant at the National Institute of Standards and Technology from 2015 to 2017”. Metrologia, Vol. 54, 633-641.
  • Kibble, B. P., & Robinson, I. A. (2014). “Principles of a new generation of simplified and accurate watt balances”. Metrologia, Vol. 51, 132–139.
  • Kim, D., Kim, M., Seo, M., Woo, B.-C., Lee, S., Kim, J.-A., Chae, D.-H., Kim, M.-S., Choi, I.-M., & Lee, K.-C. (2020). “Realization of the kilogram using the KRISS Kibble balance”. Metrologia, Vol. 57, 055006 1-16.
  • Kuramoto, N., Mizushima, S., Zhang, L., Fujita, K., Azuma, Y., Kurokawa, A., Okubo, S., Inaba, H., & Fujii, K. (2017). “Determination of the Avogadro constant by the XRCD method using a 28Si-enriched sphere”. Metrologia, Vol. 54, 716-729.
  • Li, Z., Bai, Y., Xu, J., You, Q., Wang, D., Zhang, Z., Lu, Y., Hu, P., Liu, Y., He, Q., & Tan, J. (2020). “The upgrade of NIM-2 joule balance since 2017”. Metrologia, Vol. 57, 055007, 1-15.
  • Marangoni, R. R., Haddad, D., Seifert, F., Chao, L. S., Newell, D. B., & Schlamminger, S. (2019). “Magnet system for the Quantum Electro-Mechanical Metrology Suite” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, Vol. 69, 5736-5744.
  • Richard, P., Fang, H., & Davis, R. (2016). “Foundation for the redefinition of the kilogram”. Metrologia, Vol. 53, A6–A11.
  • Robinson, I. A., & Kibble, B. P. (2007). “An initial measurement of Planck's constant using the NPL Mark II watt balance”. Metrologia, Vol. 44, 427–440.
  • Stock, M., Davis, R., de Mirandés, E., & Milton, M. J. T. (2019). “Corrigendum: The revision of the SI—the result of three decades of progress in metrology”. Metrologia, Vol. 56, 022001, 1-14.
  • Sutton, C. M. (2009). “An oscillatory dynamic mode for a watt balance”. Metrologia, Vol. 46, 467–72.
  • Thomas, M., Ziane, D., Pinot, P., Karcher, R., Imanaliev, A., Pereira Dos Santos, F., Merlet, S., Piquemal, F. & Espel, P. (2017). “A determination of the Planck constant using the LNE Kibble balance in air”. Metrologia, Vol. 54, 468–480.
  • Wood, B. M., Sanchez, C. A., Green, R. G., & Liard, J. O. (2017). “A summary of the Planck constant determinations using the NRC Kibble balance”. Metrologia, Vol. 54, 399-409.

UME KİBBLE BALANS – 3 İLE TEK FAZDA ÖLÇÜM

Year 2022, Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 61 - 77, 01.04.2022

Abstract

Türkiye Ulusal Metroloji Enstitüsü'nde geliştirilen Kibble Balance, hareketli mıknatıslı tasarımı sayesinde, yeni kilogram tanımında Faraday İndüksiyon Yasası ve Lorentz Kuvvet Yasasının aynı anda test edildiği tek fazda ölçüme olanak tanıyor. Bu tasarımda, çevresel ve deneysel koşullara daha az duyarlı olması gibi sayısız avantaj olmasına rağmen, Faraday İndüksiyon Yasasının bir sonucu olarak bobinin uçlarında indüklenen voltaj ile akımdan kaynaklanan voltajı milyarda birkaç bağıl belirsizlikle ayırt etme sorunu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bobin voltajını ölçen dijital multimetreden mümkün olan en iyi performansı elde etmek için, kompanzasyon voltaj kaynağı olarak multimetreye seri olarak bir dalga formu üreteci bağlanır, böylece akımdan kaynaklanan voltaj, multimetrenin girişinde neredeyse ortadan kalkar. Fakat, dalga formu üretecinde zamana bağlı voltaj dalgalanmaları, bobinde ek voltajı indükleyebilir. Bu yazıda, deneyin en az 48 saat sürmesi durumunda bu rastgele etkilerin 15 ppb belirsizlikle elimine edildiğini gösteriyoruz.

Project Number

G2ED-E1-03-I

References

  • Ahmedov, H., Babayiğit Aşkın, N., Korutlu, B., & Orhan, R. (2018). “Preliminary Planck constant measurements via UME oscillating magnet Kibble balance”. Metrologia, Vol. 53, 86–97.
  • Ahmedov, H., Celik M., Orhan, R., Korutlu, B., Hamid, R., & Sahin, E. (2020). “A UME Kibble Balance Displacement Measurement Procedure”. Acta IMEKO, Vol. 9:3, 11-16.
  • Ahmedov, H., Korutlu, B., Dorosinskiy, L., & Orhan, R. (2020). “External Magnetic Field Measurements in the UME Kibble Balance”. Acta IMEKO, Vol. 9:3, 33-39.
  • Bartl, G., Becker, P. Beckhoff, B. Bettin, H., Beyer, E., Borys, M., Busch, I., Cibik, L., D'Agostino, G., Darlatt, Di Luzio, E. M., Fujii, K. Fujimoto, H., Fujita, K., Kolbe, M. Krumrey, M., Kuramoto, N., Massa, E., Mecke, M., Mizushima, S., Müller, M., Narukawa, T., Nicolaus, A., Pramann, A., Rauch, D., Rienitz, O., Sasso, C. P., Stopic, A., Stosch, R., Waseda, A., Wundrack, S., Zhang, L., & Zhang, X. W. (2017). “A new 28Si single crystal: counting the atoms for the new kilogram definition”. Metrologia, Vol. 54, 693-715.
  • Baumann, H., Eichenberger, A., Cosandier, F., Jeckelmann, B., Clavel, R., Reber, D., & Tommasini, D. (2013). “Design of the new METAS watt balance experiment Mark II”. Metrologia, Vol. 50, 235–242.
  • Davidson, S. (2010). “Determination of the effect of transfer between vacuum and air on mass standards of platinum–iridium and stainless steel”. Metrologia, Vol. 47 487-497.
  • Fang, H., Bielsa, F., Li, S., Kiss, A., & Stock, M. (2020). “The BIPM Kibble balance for realizing the kilogram definition”. Metrologia, Vol. 57, 045009, 1-10.
  • Fujii, K., Bettin, H., Becker, P., Massa, E., Rienitz, O., Pramann, A., Nicolaus, A., Kuramoto, N., Busch, I., & Borys, M. (2016). “Realization of the kilogram by the XRCD method”. Metrologia, Vol. 53, A19–A45.
  • Haddad, D., Seifert, F., Chao, L. S., Possolo, A., Newell, D. B., Pratt, J. R., Williams, C. J., & Schlamminger, S. (2017). “Measurement of the Planck constant at the National Institute of Standards and Technology from 2015 to 2017”. Metrologia, Vol. 54, 633-641.
  • Kibble, B. P., & Robinson, I. A. (2014). “Principles of a new generation of simplified and accurate watt balances”. Metrologia, Vol. 51, 132–139.
  • Kim, D., Kim, M., Seo, M., Woo, B.-C., Lee, S., Kim, J.-A., Chae, D.-H., Kim, M.-S., Choi, I.-M., & Lee, K.-C. (2020). “Realization of the kilogram using the KRISS Kibble balance”. Metrologia, Vol. 57, 055006 1-16.
  • Kuramoto, N., Mizushima, S., Zhang, L., Fujita, K., Azuma, Y., Kurokawa, A., Okubo, S., Inaba, H., & Fujii, K. (2017). “Determination of the Avogadro constant by the XRCD method using a 28Si-enriched sphere”. Metrologia, Vol. 54, 716-729.
  • Li, Z., Bai, Y., Xu, J., You, Q., Wang, D., Zhang, Z., Lu, Y., Hu, P., Liu, Y., He, Q., & Tan, J. (2020). “The upgrade of NIM-2 joule balance since 2017”. Metrologia, Vol. 57, 055007, 1-15.
  • Marangoni, R. R., Haddad, D., Seifert, F., Chao, L. S., Newell, D. B., & Schlamminger, S. (2019). “Magnet system for the Quantum Electro-Mechanical Metrology Suite” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, Vol. 69, 5736-5744.
  • Richard, P., Fang, H., & Davis, R. (2016). “Foundation for the redefinition of the kilogram”. Metrologia, Vol. 53, A6–A11.
  • Robinson, I. A., & Kibble, B. P. (2007). “An initial measurement of Planck's constant using the NPL Mark II watt balance”. Metrologia, Vol. 44, 427–440.
  • Stock, M., Davis, R., de Mirandés, E., & Milton, M. J. T. (2019). “Corrigendum: The revision of the SI—the result of three decades of progress in metrology”. Metrologia, Vol. 56, 022001, 1-14.
  • Sutton, C. M. (2009). “An oscillatory dynamic mode for a watt balance”. Metrologia, Vol. 46, 467–72.
  • Thomas, M., Ziane, D., Pinot, P., Karcher, R., Imanaliev, A., Pereira Dos Santos, F., Merlet, S., Piquemal, F. & Espel, P. (2017). “A determination of the Planck constant using the LNE Kibble balance in air”. Metrologia, Vol. 54, 468–480.
  • Wood, B. M., Sanchez, C. A., Green, R. G., & Liard, J. O. (2017). “A summary of the Planck constant determinations using the NRC Kibble balance”. Metrologia, Vol. 54, 399-409.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Beste Korutlu 0000-0003-3746-6317

Project Number G2ED-E1-03-I
Publication Date April 1, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 18 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Korutlu, B. (2022). SINGLE PHASE MEASUREMENT IN UME KIBBLE BALANCE – 3. Journal of Naval Sciences and Engineering, 18(1), 61-77.