Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Hemşire ve Hasta Kavramlarına İlişkin Algılarının Metaforlarla Analizi

Year 2022, , 238 - 244, 29.12.2022

Reva Balcı Akpınar , Gülay İpek Çoban

https://doi.org/10.5152/JANHS.2022.222746

Abstract

Amaç: Metaforlar, soyut ve karmaşık olayları anlamak ve açıklamak için kullanılan zihinsel
araçlardır. Metafor, bir şeyi başka bir şeye göre yorumlama, benzetme ve ifade etme biçimidir. Bu
araştırmanın amacı, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin “hemşire” ve “hasta” kavramlarına ilişkin algılarını
metaforlar aracılığıyla belirlemektir.

Yöntemler: Bu nitel araştırmaya bir üniversitenin Hemşirelik Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören
238 öğrenci katılmıştır. Elde edilen nitel verilerin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
Veri analizi kodlama ve hata ayıklama, kategori oluşturma, geçerlik ve güvenirlik, frekans ve yüzde
hesaplama ve yorumlama aşamaları ile tamamlanmıştır.

Bulgular: Öğrenciler hemşire kavramına ilişkin 100 geçerli metafor ve hasta kavramına ilişkin
78 geçerli metafor üretmiştir. Hemşire metaforları arasında en yüksek sıklık anne (%24,7) ve
melek (%8,8), hasta metaforları arasında en yüksek sıklık bebek veya çocuk (%40,0) ve çiçek (%6,6)
olmuştur.

Sonuç: Hemşirenin en çok anneye, hastanın ise çocuğa/bebeğe benzetildiği, hemşirenin bakım
verici rolüne vurgu yapıldığı ancak bu rolünde profesyonel olarak algılanmadığı, hastanın bakıma
sevgi ve şefkate muhtaç biri olarak görüldüğü bulunmuştur.

Keywords

Metafor, hemşirelik öğrencisi, hemşire kavramı, hasta kavramı

Analysis of Nursing Students’ Perceptions Through Metaphors for Nurse and Patient Concepts

Abstract

Objective: Metaphors are mental tools used to understand and explain abstract and complex
events. Metaphor is a way of interpreting, likening, and expressing one thing in terms of another.
The aim of this study is to determine the perceptions of nursing students regarding the concepts
of “nurse” and “patient” through metaphors.

Methods: This qualitative study included 238 students studying at the Nursing Faculty of a university. Content analysis method was used to analyze the qualitative data obtained. Data analysis
was completed with coding and debugging, category creation, validity and reliability, frequency
and percentage calculation, and interpretation stages.

Results: Students produced 100 valid metaphors about the concept of nurse and 78 valid metaphors for patient. The highest frequency among nurse metaphors were mother (24.7%) and angel
(8.8%), and the highest frequency among patient metaphors were infants or children (40.0%) and
flower (6.6 %).

Conclusion: It was found that the nurse was mostly compared to the mother and the patient to
the child/baby, the nurse’s role as a caregiver was emphasized, but she was not perceived as a professional in this role, and the patient was seen as someone in need of care, love, and compassion.

Keywords

Metaphor, nursing student, nurse concept, patient concept

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