Research Article
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Analysis of Cesarean Section Rates Using the Robson Classification System in a Training and Research Hospital in Turkey

Year 2023, , 76 - 83, 29.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.5152/JANHS.2023.23306

Abstract

Objective: In our study, we aimed to evaluate cesarean section rates, causes, and changes over the years in an education and research hospital in eastern Turkey using the Robson 10-Group Classification System.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted that included all women who gave birth in a training and research hospital in eastern Turkey between January 2018 and December 2022. Digital data of all deliveries were extracted from the hospital information system, and all groups were compared using the obstetric parameters in the Robson 10-Group Classification System.

Results: During a total of 5 years, 4265 (51.47%) of 8287 pregnant women who applied to the hospital for delivery were delivered by cesarean section. Most of the pregnant women admitted to the hospital are multiparous (group 3+group 4=35.9%). Cesarean section was performed in 99.88% of the pregnant women who had a previous cesarean section (group 5). Women in groups 1, 2, and
5 are the largest contributors to the overall cesarean section rate in our hospital.

Conclusions: In our study, cesarean section rates should be reduced in women in the first, second, and fifth groups. In this context, physicians should increase vaginal deliveries after cesarean
section and avoid unnecessary labor inductions. In terms of midwives and nurses, education and training should be planned and implemented for pregnant women/couples within the scope of
prenatal care services consultancy service. A pregnant education program should be established in which the advantages and disadvantages of cesarean and vaginal delivery are explained.

References

  • 1. Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, et al. Cesarean section and postpartum hysterectomy. In: Williams Obstetrics (24th edn). NY: McGraw- Hill Education; 2014:587-588.
  • 2. Cagan M, Tanacan A, Aydin Hakli D, Beksac MS. Changing rates of the modes of delivery over the decades (1976, 1986, 1996, 2006, and 2016) based on the Robson-10 group classification system in a single tertiary health care center. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2021;34(11):1695-1702. [CrossRef]
  • 3. 2018 Türkiye nüfus ve sağlık Araştırması temel Bulgular; 2019. http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11655/23356. Accessed January 10, 2023.
  • 4. Robson MS. Classification of caesarean sections. Fetal Mater Med Rev. 2001;12(1):23-39. [CrossRef]
  • 5. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Doğum ve sezaryen eylemi yönetim rehberi. Ankara: T.C. Sağlıklık Bakanlığı; 2010. http://sbu.saglik.gov.tr/Ekutuphane/kitaplar/a%C3%A7sap27; 2010. pdf
  • 6. Eyi EGY, Mollamahmutoglu L. An analysis of the high cesarean section rates in Turkey by Robson classification. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2021;34(16):2682-2692. [CrossRef]
  • 7. Robson M, Murphy M, Byrne F. Quality assurance: the 10-Group Classification System (Robson classification), induction of labor, and cesarean delivery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2015;131(suppl 1):S23-S27. [CrossRef]
  • 8. Ye J, Zhang J, Mikolajczyk R, Torloni MR, Gülmezoglu AM, & Betran AP. Association between rates of caesarean section and maternal and neonatal mortality in the 21st century: a worldwide population based ecological study with longitudinal data. BJOG. 2016;123(5):745-753. [CrossRef]
  • 9. Yazıcıoğlu B, Yavuz E. Gebe okulu eğitimlerinin doğum korkusu üzerine etkisi. Türk Aile Hek Derg. 2022;26(1):12-16. [CrossRef]
  • 10. Aguilera-Martín Á, Gálvez-Lara M, Blanco-Ruiz M, García-Torres F. Psychological, educational, and alternative interventions for reducing fear of childbirth in pregnant women: a systematic review. J Clin Psychol. 2021;77(3):525-555. [CrossRef]
  • 11. Turkstra E, Mihala G, Scuffham PA, et al. An economic evaluation alongside a randomised controlled trial on psycho-education counselling intervention offered by midwives to address women’s fear of childbirth in Australia. Sex Reprod Healthc. 2017;11:1-6. [CrossRef]
  • 12. World Health Organization. Robson classification: implementation manual. Geneva: WHO; 2017. https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications /maternal_perinatal_health / robson-classification/en/.
  • 13. World Health Organization. WHO statement on caesarean section rates. Geneva, S World Health Organization. WHO statement on caesarean section rates. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2015. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/161442. Accessed January 5, 2023.
  • 14. Kıyak H, Bolluk G, Canaz E, Yüksel S, Gedikbaşı A. Sezaryen oranlarını Robson on Gruplu Sınıflandırma Sistemi ve perinatoloji (tersiyer merkez) verileri doğrultusunda konuşmak. Perinatol Derg. 2019;27(2):89-100. [CrossRef]
  • 15. Vogel JP, Betrán AP, Vindevoghel N, et al. Use of the Robson classification to assess caesarean section trends in 21 countries: a secondary analysis of two WHO multicountry surveys. Lancet Glob Health. 2015;3(5):e260-e270. [CrossRef]
  • 16. Golbasi C, Golbasi H, Bayraktar B, et al. Cesarean delivery rates based on time and indication using the Robson Ten-Group Classification System: assessment at a Turkish tertiary center. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2023;49(3):883-892. [CrossRef]
  • 17. Molina G, Weiser TG, Lipsitz SR, et al. Relationship between cesarean delivery rate and maternal and neonatal mortality. JAMA. 2015;314(21):2263-2270. [CrossRef]
  • 18. Ferreira EC, Pacagnella RC, Costa ML, Cecatti JG. The Robson tengroup classification system for appraising deliveries at a tertiary referral hospital in Brazil. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2015;129(3):236-239. [CrossRef]
  • 19. Betrán AP, Gulmezoglu AM, Robson M, et al. WHO global survey on maternal and perinatal health in Latin America: classifying caesarean sections. Reprod Health. 2009;6:18. [CrossRef]
  • 20. Einarsdóttir K, Sigurðardóttir H, Ingibjörg Bjarnadóttir R, Steingrímsdóttir Þ, Smárason AK. The Robson 10-group classification in Iceland: obstetric interventions and outcomes. Birth (Berkeley Calif). 2019;46(2):270-278. [CrossRef]
  • 21. Barčaitė E, Kemeklienė G, Railaitė DR, Bartusevičius A, Maleckienė L, Nadišauskienė R. Cesarean section rates in Lithuania using Robson Ten Group Classification System. Med (Kaunas Lith). 2015;51(5):280-285. [CrossRef]
  • 22. FIGO Working Group On Challenges In Care Of Mothers And Infants During Labour And Delivery. Best practice advice on the 10-Group Classification System for cesarean deliveries. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2016;135(2):232-233. [CrossRef]
  • 23. Robson M, Hartigan L, Murphy M. Methods of achieving and maintaining an appropriate caesarean section rate. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2013;27(2):297-308. [CrossRef]
  • 24. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 205. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 205: Vaginal birth after cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol. 2019;133(2):e110-e127. [CrossRef]
  • 25. World Health Organization. Robson classification: implementation manual; 2021. http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/maternal_perinatal_health/robson-classification/en/. Accessed January 10, 2023.
  • 26. Türk Perinatoloji Derneği. Doğum eylem planı 2019-2023. İstanbul: Türk Perinatoloji Derneği; 2019. http://cdn.perinatal.org.tr/files/TPD/sezeryan_TPD%20 gorusu_2019.pdf

Türkiye’deki Bir Üniversite Hastanesinde Robson Sınıflandırılması Sistemini Kullanarak Sezeryan Oranlarının Analizi

Year 2023, , 76 - 83, 29.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.5152/JANHS.2023.23306

Abstract

Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı, Türkiye'nin doğusundaki bir eğtim araştırma hastanesinde, sezaryen ile doğum (SD) oranlarını, nedenlerini ve yıllar içindeki değişimlerini Robson On Grup Sınıflandırma Sistemi (ROGSS) kullanarak değerlendirmektir.

Yöntemler: Ocak 2018 ile Aralık 2022 yılları arasında Türkiye’nin doğusunda bir eğitim araştırma hastanesinde doğum yapan tüm kadınları kapsayan retrospektif kesitsel bir çalışma yapıldı. Tüm doğumların dijital verileri, hastane bilgi sisteminde çıkarılarak Robson On Gruplu Sınıflandırma Sistemindeki obstetrik parametreler kullanılarak bütün gruplar karşılaştırılarak incelendi.

Bulgular: Toplam 5 yıllık süre zarfında hastaneye doğum için başvuran 8287 gebeden 4265 tanesi (%51,4) sezaryen yoluyla doğurtulmuştur. Hastaneye başvuran gebelerin büyük bir bölümü multipar (Grup 3+Grup 4=%35,9) olarak başvurmaktadır. Daha önce sezaryen olmuş gebelerin (Grup 5) %99,8’ine sezaryen yapılmıştır. Grup 1, 2 ve 5'teki kadınlar, hastenemizdeki genel SD oranına en büyük katkı sağlayan gruplardır. Nullipar makat gelişlerde (grup 6) %100 ve multipar makat gelişlerde (Grup 7) %95,5’lik sezaryen oranı izlenmiştir. Çoğul gebelik nedeniyle kabul edilen gebelerin oranı (grup 8) %0,9 ve sezaryen oranı ise %94,9 olarak bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda hedef grup olarak tespit edilen; Grup 1, 2 ve 5’teki kadınlar için sezaryen oranlarının azaltılması gerekmektedir. Sezaryen oranlarının azaltılması için gebelerin doğum öncesi eğitim almaları, SD sonrası vajinal doğumun arttırılması, gereksiz doğum indüksiyonlarından yapılmaması, tüp ligasyonu gerekçesiyle isteğe bağlı sezaryenden kaçınılması gerekmektedir.

References

  • 1. Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, et al. Cesarean section and postpartum hysterectomy. In: Williams Obstetrics (24th edn). NY: McGraw- Hill Education; 2014:587-588.
  • 2. Cagan M, Tanacan A, Aydin Hakli D, Beksac MS. Changing rates of the modes of delivery over the decades (1976, 1986, 1996, 2006, and 2016) based on the Robson-10 group classification system in a single tertiary health care center. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2021;34(11):1695-1702. [CrossRef]
  • 3. 2018 Türkiye nüfus ve sağlık Araştırması temel Bulgular; 2019. http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11655/23356. Accessed January 10, 2023.
  • 4. Robson MS. Classification of caesarean sections. Fetal Mater Med Rev. 2001;12(1):23-39. [CrossRef]
  • 5. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Doğum ve sezaryen eylemi yönetim rehberi. Ankara: T.C. Sağlıklık Bakanlığı; 2010. http://sbu.saglik.gov.tr/Ekutuphane/kitaplar/a%C3%A7sap27; 2010. pdf
  • 6. Eyi EGY, Mollamahmutoglu L. An analysis of the high cesarean section rates in Turkey by Robson classification. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2021;34(16):2682-2692. [CrossRef]
  • 7. Robson M, Murphy M, Byrne F. Quality assurance: the 10-Group Classification System (Robson classification), induction of labor, and cesarean delivery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2015;131(suppl 1):S23-S27. [CrossRef]
  • 8. Ye J, Zhang J, Mikolajczyk R, Torloni MR, Gülmezoglu AM, & Betran AP. Association between rates of caesarean section and maternal and neonatal mortality in the 21st century: a worldwide population based ecological study with longitudinal data. BJOG. 2016;123(5):745-753. [CrossRef]
  • 9. Yazıcıoğlu B, Yavuz E. Gebe okulu eğitimlerinin doğum korkusu üzerine etkisi. Türk Aile Hek Derg. 2022;26(1):12-16. [CrossRef]
  • 10. Aguilera-Martín Á, Gálvez-Lara M, Blanco-Ruiz M, García-Torres F. Psychological, educational, and alternative interventions for reducing fear of childbirth in pregnant women: a systematic review. J Clin Psychol. 2021;77(3):525-555. [CrossRef]
  • 11. Turkstra E, Mihala G, Scuffham PA, et al. An economic evaluation alongside a randomised controlled trial on psycho-education counselling intervention offered by midwives to address women’s fear of childbirth in Australia. Sex Reprod Healthc. 2017;11:1-6. [CrossRef]
  • 12. World Health Organization. Robson classification: implementation manual. Geneva: WHO; 2017. https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications /maternal_perinatal_health / robson-classification/en/.
  • 13. World Health Organization. WHO statement on caesarean section rates. Geneva, S World Health Organization. WHO statement on caesarean section rates. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2015. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/161442. Accessed January 5, 2023.
  • 14. Kıyak H, Bolluk G, Canaz E, Yüksel S, Gedikbaşı A. Sezaryen oranlarını Robson on Gruplu Sınıflandırma Sistemi ve perinatoloji (tersiyer merkez) verileri doğrultusunda konuşmak. Perinatol Derg. 2019;27(2):89-100. [CrossRef]
  • 15. Vogel JP, Betrán AP, Vindevoghel N, et al. Use of the Robson classification to assess caesarean section trends in 21 countries: a secondary analysis of two WHO multicountry surveys. Lancet Glob Health. 2015;3(5):e260-e270. [CrossRef]
  • 16. Golbasi C, Golbasi H, Bayraktar B, et al. Cesarean delivery rates based on time and indication using the Robson Ten-Group Classification System: assessment at a Turkish tertiary center. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2023;49(3):883-892. [CrossRef]
  • 17. Molina G, Weiser TG, Lipsitz SR, et al. Relationship between cesarean delivery rate and maternal and neonatal mortality. JAMA. 2015;314(21):2263-2270. [CrossRef]
  • 18. Ferreira EC, Pacagnella RC, Costa ML, Cecatti JG. The Robson tengroup classification system for appraising deliveries at a tertiary referral hospital in Brazil. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2015;129(3):236-239. [CrossRef]
  • 19. Betrán AP, Gulmezoglu AM, Robson M, et al. WHO global survey on maternal and perinatal health in Latin America: classifying caesarean sections. Reprod Health. 2009;6:18. [CrossRef]
  • 20. Einarsdóttir K, Sigurðardóttir H, Ingibjörg Bjarnadóttir R, Steingrímsdóttir Þ, Smárason AK. The Robson 10-group classification in Iceland: obstetric interventions and outcomes. Birth (Berkeley Calif). 2019;46(2):270-278. [CrossRef]
  • 21. Barčaitė E, Kemeklienė G, Railaitė DR, Bartusevičius A, Maleckienė L, Nadišauskienė R. Cesarean section rates in Lithuania using Robson Ten Group Classification System. Med (Kaunas Lith). 2015;51(5):280-285. [CrossRef]
  • 22. FIGO Working Group On Challenges In Care Of Mothers And Infants During Labour And Delivery. Best practice advice on the 10-Group Classification System for cesarean deliveries. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2016;135(2):232-233. [CrossRef]
  • 23. Robson M, Hartigan L, Murphy M. Methods of achieving and maintaining an appropriate caesarean section rate. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2013;27(2):297-308. [CrossRef]
  • 24. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 205. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 205: Vaginal birth after cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol. 2019;133(2):e110-e127. [CrossRef]
  • 25. World Health Organization. Robson classification: implementation manual; 2021. http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/maternal_perinatal_health/robson-classification/en/. Accessed January 10, 2023.
  • 26. Türk Perinatoloji Derneği. Doğum eylem planı 2019-2023. İstanbul: Türk Perinatoloji Derneği; 2019. http://cdn.perinatal.org.tr/files/TPD/sezeryan_TPD%20 gorusu_2019.pdf
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Nursing, Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Kemal Dinç 0000-0003-4955-455X

İltifat Hümeyra Dinç This is me 0000-0003-4284-6226

Publication Date March 29, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

AMA Dinç K, Dinç İH. Analysis of Cesarean Section Rates Using the Robson Classification System in a Training and Research Hospital in Turkey. Journal of Nursology. March 2023;26(1):76-83. doi:10.5152/JANHS.2023.23306

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