Acil Serviste Çalışan Hemşirelerin Gözünden Koronavirüs Hastalığı 2019 Pandemisi ve Acil Servis: Bir Fotoses Çalışması

Year 2023, , 183 - 191, 11.09.2023

Tuba Korkmaz Aslan , Nurgül Karakurt

https://doi.org/10.5152/JANHS.2023.22261

Abstract

Amaç: Çalışmada acil serviste çalışan hemşirelerin Koronavirüs Hastalığı 2019 pandemisi öncesi ve sonrası acil servis hakkındaki düşüncelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntemler: Araştırma için elde edilen sosyodemografik veriler SPSS 20 programı kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Niteliksel kısımda fenomenolojik yaklaşım kullanılmıştır. Çalışma, doğu illerinden
birindeki bir hastanenin acil servisinde çalışan 179 hemşireden 51’i ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler odak grup görüşmeleri ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları aracılığıyla fotoğraflar, fotovideo
ve fenomenolojik yaklaşım kullanılarak toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Verilerin yorumlanmasında Colaizzi’nin fenomenolojik yaklaşımı kullanılmış ve hemşirelerden 266 görüş ve öneri alınmıştır. Bunlar 4 ana ve 20 alt tema olarak gruplandırılmıştır. Hemşirelerin Koronavirüs Hastalığı 2019 salgını sırasında acil servise ilişkin buldukları 4 ana tema şu şekildedir; acil serviste çalışmanın anlamı, Koronavirüs Hastalığı 2019 salgınının anlamı, Koronavirüs Hastalığı 2019 salgını öncesinde acil servisin anlamı ve Koronavirüs Hastalığı 2019 salgını sırasında acil servisin durumu.
Sonuç: Hemşireler acil servisin pandemi öncesinde de yoğun olduğunu, pandemi ile birlikte yoğunluğunun arttığını, Koronavirüs Hastalığı 2019’un ilk etapta belirsizlik ve korku yarattığını ancak acil servisin önemli ve aktif bir klinik olduğunu dile getirdiler. Virüsle enfekte olmanın yanı sıra virüsü ailelerine bulaştırma endişesi taşıyan ön saflardaki acil çalışanlarının verdiği cevaplar beklenen bir
sonuçtur. Çalışma saatleri, yeterli fiziksel ve tıbbi malzeme sağlanması gibi stres kaynaklarına ilişkin özel müdahalelerin planlanması ve uygulanması ile acil servis çalışanlarının kaygı düzeylerinin hafifletilebileceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Koronavirüs Hastalığı 2019, acil servis, hemşireler, bakış açısı, fotoses

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic and the Emergency Service in the Perspectives of Nurses Working in Emergency Service: A Photovoice Study

Abstract

Objective: In the study, it was aimed to determine the thoughts of the nurses working in the emergency service about the emergency service before and after the coronavirus disease
2019 pandemic.
Methods: Sociodemographic data obtained for the study were evaluated using SPSS 20 software. A phenomenological approach was used for the qualitative part. The study was conducted
with 51 out of 179 nurses working in the emergency department of a hospital in one of the eastern provinces. Data were collected through focus group interviews and semistructured interview
forms using photographs, photovoice, and phenomenological approach.
Results: Colaizzi’s phenomenological approach was used in the interpretation of the data, and 266 opinions and suggestions were received from the nurses. These are grouped into 4 main and
20 subthemes. The 4 main themes that nurses found about the emergency department during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak are as follows: the meaning of working in the emergency
department, the meaning of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the meaning of the emergency department before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and the state of the emer-
gency department during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
Conclusion: Nurses mentioned that the emergency department was busy before the pandemic, that its intensity increased with the pandemic, that Coronavirus Disease 2019 created uncer-
tainty and fear in the first place, but that the emergency department is an important and active clinic. coronavirus disease 2019. The answers given by the emergency staff on the front lines, who
are worried about being infected with the virus as well as transmitting the virus to their families, are an expected result. It is thought that the anxiety levels of emergency service workers can be
alleviated by planning and implementing special interventions related to stress sources such as working hours and providing adequate physical and medical supplies.

Keywords

COVID-19, emergency, nurses, perspective, photovoice

References

• 1. World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): situation report--51. WHO Website; 2020. Accessed April 6, 2020. www.w ho.int/doc s/default-sourc e/ coron aviru se/si tuati on-re ports/2020 0311- sitrep-51-covid-19.pdf 2
• 2. Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome related coronavirus: Classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2. Nat Microbiol. 2020;5(4):536-544. [CrossRef]
• 3. Chan JF, Kok KH, Zhu Z, et al. Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020;9(1):221-236. [CrossRef]
• 4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Guidance documents; 2019. https ://www.cdc .gov/coron aviru s/201 9-ncov/sci ence/about -epid emiol ogy/studyi ng-th e-dis ease. html (Erişim Tarihi: 11.02.2022).
• 5. Plunkett R, Leipert BD, Ray SL. Unspoken phenomena: using the photovoice method to enrich phenomenological inquiry. Nurs Inq.2013;20(2):156-164. [CrossRef]
• 6. Çetin İ, Mert K. Nursing and Innovation. (ed. Sevil ÜDBÖ). 1 ed. İstanbul: Güven Plus Grup A.Ş. Yayınları; 2018:83-104.
• 7. Altunkaya H, Ateş A. Writing self-efficacy and written expression skills of learners of Turkish as a foreign language. J Erzincan Univ Fac Educ. 19(3):86-103. 2017.[CrossRef]
• 8. Moazzami B, Razavi-Khorasani N, Dooghaie Moghadam A, Farokhi E, Rezaei N. Covid-19 and telemedicine: immediate action required for maintaining healthcare providers well-being. J Clin Virol. 2020;126:104345. [CrossRef]
• 9. Dahlen I, Westin L, Adolfsson A. Experience of being a low priority patient during waiting time at an emergency department. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2012;5:1-9. [CrossRef]
• 10. Wiman E, Wikblad K, Idvall E. Trauma patients’ encounters with the team in the emergency department- a qualitative study. Int J Nurs Stud. 2007;44(5):714-722. [CrossRef]
• 11. Sönmez V, Alacapınar F. Illustrated Scientific Research Methods. Extended 6th ed. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık; 2018:320-328.
• 12. Evans-Agnew RA, Boutain DM, Rosemberg MS. Advancing nursing research in the visual era: reenvisioning the photovoice process across phenomenological, grounded theory, and critical theory methodologies. ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 2017;40(1):E1-E15. [CrossRef]
• 13. Ganier M. Exploring gender identity through a camera’s lens: a literature review. Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses. 499. https ://digital commo ns.le sley.edu/expres sive_ these s/499 ; 2021.
• 14. O’Brien BC, Harris IB, Beckman TJ, Reed DA, Cook DA. Standards for reporting qualitative research: a synthesis of recommendations. Acad Med. 2014;89(9):1245-1251. [CrossRef]
• 15. Jeong H, Othman J. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis from a realist perspective. Qual Rep. 2016;21(3):558-570. [CrossRef]. https ://ns uwork s.nov a.edu /cgi/ viewc onten t.cgi ?arti cle=2 300&contex t=tqr
• 16. Onat Kocabıyık O. Phenomenology and embedded theory: comparison in terms of some features. Trakya Univ J Fac Educ. 2016;6(1):55-66. https ://de rgipa rk.org.tr/ tr/downloa d/art icle-file/ 200424
• 17. Baltacı A. Miles-Huberman model in qualitative data analysis. AHI Evran Univ J Soc Sci Inst. 2017;3(1):1-15. https ://de rgipa rk.org.tr/en/downloa d/art icle-file/ 31852 7
• 18. Arastaman G, Öztürk Fidan İ, Fidan T. Validity and reliability in qualitative research: a theoretical review. Yüzüncü Yıl Univ J Fac Educ. 2018;15(1):37-75. http: //efd ergi.yyu.e du.tr
• 19. Ocak G, Kutlu Kalender M. Evaluation of the attainment and content relationship of the intermediate school fifth and sixth grade science curriculum. J Bayburt Educ Fac. 2017;12(23):209-225. https ://de rgipark.org.tr/ tr/downloa d/art icle-file/ 32078 8 (Original Work Published in Turkish).
• 20. Riley R, Manias E. Snap-shots of live theatre: the use of photography to research governance in operating room nursing. Nurs Inq. 2003;10(2):81-90. [CrossRef]
• 21. Bilik Ö. The invisible face of emergency nursing: what am I going through as a human? Anatol J Nurs Health Sci. 2015;18:155-161. [CrossRef]
• 22. Naushad VA, Bierens JJ, Nishan KP, et al. A systematic review of the impact of disaster on the mental health of medical responders. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(6):632-643. [CrossRef]
• 23. Lu W, Wang H, Lin Y, Li L. Psychological status of medical workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Psychiatry Res. 2020;288:112936. [CrossRef]
• 24. Kang L, Li Y, Hu S, et al. The mental health of medical workers in Wuhan, China dealing with the 2019 novel coronavirus. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(3):e14. [CrossRef]
• 25. Leung GM, Ho LM, Chan SK, et al. Longitudinal assessment of community psychobehavioral responses during and after the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40(12):1713-1720. [CrossRef]
• 26. Lorber M, Skela Savič BS. Job satisfaction of nurses and identifying factors of job satisfaction in Slovenian Hospitals. Croat Med J. 2012;53(3):263-270. [CrossRef]
• 27. Lau Y, Jiamian Z, Ng Adolf KY, Panahi R. Implications of a pandemic outbreak risk: a discussion on China’s emergency logistics in the era of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). J Int Logist Trade. 2020;18(3):127-135. [CrossRef]
• 28. Tercan M, Bozkurt FT, Patmano G, Saraçoğlu G, Gür SC. Anxiety and depression differences between the nurses working at a COVID-19 pandemic hospital. Med Sci Discov. 2020;7(6):526-531. [CrossRef]
• 29. Mayfield-Johnson S, Rachal JR, Butler III J. "When We Learn Better, We Do Better”: describing changes in empowerment through photovoice among community health advisors in a breast and cervical cancer health promotion program in MiWWssissippi and Alabama. Adult Educ Q (Am Assoc Adult Contin Educ). 2014;64(2):91-109. [CrossRef]