Hemodiyaliz Tedavisi Uygulanan Bireylerin Psikososyal Bakım Gereksinimleri: Nitel bir çalışma

Year 2024, Volume: 27 Issue: 1, 69 - 78, 25.03.2024

Yasemin Özyer Güvener Kübra Gümüş

https://doi.org/10.17049/jnursology.1458158

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma hemodiyaliz tedavisi uygulanan bireylerin psikososyal bakım gereksinimlerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu özel popülasyonun ihtiyaçlarının değerlendirilmesi ve belirlenmesi önemli bir durumdur. Bu çalışmada hemodiyaliz hastalarının yaşadığı zorluklar genel olarak anlatılarak hemodiyaliz alan bireylerin yaşadığı sıkıntılar açık bir şekilde ortaya çıkarılmıştır.

Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, betimleyici, fenomenolojik desende nitel olarak yapılmıştır. Çalışmada yarı yapılandırılmış anket formu kullanılmış ve 12 katılımcı çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Çalışmada 3 bağlam, 6 tema ve 38 alt tema ortaya çıkmıştır. Hastalığa bağlı gelişen sorunlar (komplikasyonlar ve semptomlar), bakıma yönelik ihtiyaçlar (size bakım vermesini istediğiniz sağlık çalışanı, tedavi ve bakıma yönelik gereksinimler, bakım vericinin özellikleri) hastalıkla başa çıkma mekanizmaları (destek sistemleri ve hastalıkla başa çıkma davranışları) olarak temalar belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç: Çalışmada hemodiyaliz hastaları birçok psikososyal ve fiziksel sorunla karşılaştıklarını ifade etmiştir. Hemodiyaliz hastalarının psikososyal gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesi ve buna yönelik müdahalelerin uygulanması hastalığın seyrini olumlu yönde etkileyebilir. Bu psikososyal sorunların belirlenip gerekli müdahalelerin uygulanmasında en önemli rol hemşirelere düşmektedir. Hemşireler diyaliz hastalarının bakımında önemli görev ve sorumluluklara sahiptir. Etkili hemşirelik bakımı hastaların hastalıkla ilgili yan etkilerini azaltabilir ve yaşam kalitesini arttırabilir. Hasta merkezli hemşirelik bakımı hastaların diyaliz bakımının kalitesini ve hasta memnuniyetini artırabilir.

Keywords

Hemodiyaliz hastaları, hemşire, psikososyal sorunlar

Psychosocial Care Needs of Individuals Receiving Hemodialysis Treatment: A

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the psychosocial care needs of individuals undergoing hemodialysis. It is important to assess and identify the needs of this specific population. In this study, the difficulties experienced by hemodialysis patients are explained in general terms, and the difficulties experienced by individuals receiving hemodialysis are clearly revealed.

Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire form was used in the study and 12 participants werw included in the study. This qualitative descriptive study has a phenomenological design.

Results: In the study, 3 contexts, 6 themes and 38 sub-themes emerged. The contexts were as follows: problems developing due to the disease (complications and symptoms), healthcare-related needs (the health worker the patient wants to care for him or her, treatment- and care-related needs, the characteristics of the caregiver), and the mechanisms for coping with the disease (support systems and coping behaviors related to the disease).

Conclusion: In the study, hemodialysis patients stated that they suffered many psychosocial and physical problems. Determining the psychosocial needs of hemodialysis patients and implementing related interventions can positively affect the course of the disease. Nurses assume the most important role in the determination of these psychosocial problems and implementation of the necessary interventions. Nurses have crucial roles and responsibilities in the care of dialysis patients. Effective nursing care can reduce disease-related side effects and improve patients' quality of life. Patient-centered care can improve the quality of dialysis care and patient satisfaction.

Keywords

Hemodialysis patients, nurse, nursing, psychosocial problems

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