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ŞİFALI TAŞLARIN PLASEBO ETKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR ANKET ÇALIŞMASININ İLK SONUÇLARI

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 5, 199 - 208, 10.01.2019

Yusuf Arif Kutlu , Ayten Çalık , Emin Uğur Ulugergerli

https://doi.org/10.26809/joa.2018548630

Abstract

Son birkaç on yılda, şifalı olarak bilinen taşlar yapay olarak üretilip doğal olanların aksine çok düşük fiyatla piyasaya sürülmeye devam etmektedir. Bu ticari pazara alt yapı oluşturmak amacıyla bilimsel temeli olmayan birçok kitap, materyal ve uygulama bilinçsizce insanların kullanımına sunulmaktadır. Şifalı taşların insanlar üzerindeki olumlu etkilerinin kanıtlandığı nicel bilimsel çalışmalar yoktur. Nitel çalışmaların sayısı ise çok azdır. Bu alandaki bilimsel çalışmaların eksikliği bilim dışı çalışmalar ve bilimsel yetkinlikte olmayan kişilerce işgal edilmektedir. Plasebo etkisi; tesirsiz bir ilacın, nesnenin veya uygulamanın telkine dayalı olumlu bir etki ortaya çıkarma durumudur. Bu çalışmanın amacı; şifalı olarak bilinen taşların plasebo etkisine yönelik yapılması planlanan projenin anket hazırlama sürecini ve dar kapsamlı istatistiki sonuçlarını kapsamaktadır. Yöntem olarak gözlem altında anket tekniği tercih edilmiştir. Anket sorularının istatistiki olarak değerlendirilmesinde ise yüzde oranı kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, insanlar arasında kavram olarak “Plasebo Etkisi” çok az bilinmektedir. Ancak deneklere anlaşılabilir bir şekilde ifade edildiğinde taşlardan şifa aramak eyleminin çok yüksek oranda plasebo etkisi ile ilişkilendirildiği görülmektedir.

Keywords

Şifalı Taşlar Plasebo Etkisi Gözlem Altında Anket Tekniği Denek

References

  • ALRECK, P. L. and SETTLE, R. B., 2004, The Survey Research Handbook, 3rd ed., Boston, McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
  • AKBUDAK, İ. K., BAŞIBÜYÜK, Z. ve GÜRBÜZ, M., 2018, Yozgat “Aydıncık” Kalsedon-Ametist Oluşumlarının Mineralojisi-Petrografisi ve Ekonomikliliğinin İncelenmesi, DÜMF Mühendislik Dergisi, 9(1), 313-324.
  • ATODARIA, E., GANDHI, K., RAOLE, V. and MASHRU, T., 2017, Healing Powers of Gem Therapy: An Update, EJPMR, 4(8), 362-375.
  • AYVAŞIK, H. B. ve YORULMAZ, O., 2007, Plasebo Etkisi: Kuramsal Yaklaşımlar ve Fizyolojik, Nörolojik ve Psikolojik Bozuklukların Tedavisindeki Rolü, Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 10(19), 33-54.
  • BARNETT, V., 2002, Sample Survey Principles and Methods, 3rd ed., London: Arnold.
  • BEECHER, H. K., 1955. The Powerful Placebo, J. Am. Med. Assoc., 159(17), 1602–1606.
  • BENEDETTI, F., MAYBERG, H. S., WAGER, T. D., STOHLER, C. S. and ZUBIETA, J. K., 2005, Neurobiological Mechanisms of the Placebo Effect, J. Neurosci., 25,10390-10402.
  • BIEMER, P. P., GROVES, R. M., LYBERG, L. E., MATHIOWETZ, N. A. and SUDMAN, S., 2004, Measurement Errors in Surveys, New Jersey, John Willey & Sons.
  • BLISS, J., MONK, M. and OGBORN, J. 1983, Qualitative Data Analysis for Educational Research: A Guide to Uses of Systemic Networks, London, Croom Helm.
  • BOURQUE, L. B. and CLARK, V. A., 1992, Processing Data: The Survey Example, 1st ed., Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  • CHADWICK, B. A., BAHR, H. M. and ALBRECHT, S. L., 1984, Social Science Research Methods, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • COCHRAN, W. G., 1977, Sampling Techniques, 3rd ed., New Jersey, John Willey & Sons.
  • COLLOCA, L. and BENEDETTI, F., 2005, Placebos and Painkillers: is Mind as Real as Matter?, Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 6,545-551.
  • CONVERSE, J. M. and PRESSER, S., 1986, Survey Questions: Handcrafting the Standardized Questionnaire, Bevery Hills, CA: Sage.
  • ÇALIK, A., DENİZ, O., YAŞAR, C., ULUGERGERLİ, E., 2018a, Natural Resources and Earth Sciences as A Source of Hope, 2. International Rating Academy Congress on Hope, ÇANAKKALE, TÜRKİYE, 100-101.
  • ÇALIK, A., DENİZ, O., YAŞAR, C., ULUGERGERLİ, E., 2018b, Umut Kaynağı olarak Doğal Kaynaklar ve Yerbilimleri, Yaşam Bilimlerinde Risk, Kaygı ve Umut Üzerine Yazılar, Rating Academy Yayınları, ÇANAKKALE, TÜRKİYE, 11-28.
  • DEMING, W. E., 1950, Some Theory of Sampling, New York, Dover.
  • ERDEM, M., AKARSU, S. ve GÜLSÜN, M., 2013, Plasebo Etkinin Nörobiyolojisi, Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 5(3), 299-312.
  • FINK, A., 2017, How to Conduct Surveys: A Step-By-Step Guide, 6th ed., California, Sage Publications.
  • FOWLER, F. J., 2002, Survey Research Methods, 3rd ed., Newbury Park, CA:Sage.
  • FRIEDMAN, M., 2012, Healing Spaces : Incorporating Gemstone and Chakra Healing into Architecture, MSc Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park's Library Collection.
  • GALLUP, G., 1947, The Quintamensional Plan of Question Design, Public Opinion Quarterly.
  • GÖKER, C., YILMAZ, A. ve KUMBASAR, H., 2009, Plasebo Etkili Midir? Etik Midir?, Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni, 19(2), 183-192.
  • GROVES, R. M., FOWLER, F. J., COUPER, M. P., LEPKOWSKI, J. M., SINGER, E. and TOURANGEAU, R., 2009, Survey Methodology, 2nd ed., New York, Willey.
  • HAOUR, F., 2005, Mechanisms of The Placebo Effect and of Conditioning, Neuroimmunomo-Dulation, 12,195-200.
  • HATIPOGLU, M., BABALIK, H. and CHAMBERLAIN, S. C., 2010, Gemstone Deposits in Turkey, Rocks & Minerals, 85(2), 124-133.
  • HATIPOGLU, M., KILIC, S., BABALIK, H., GUNER, E. and GUNEY, H., 2018, Healing-Therapy (Protective and Treatment) Effects on the Human Life of the Gemstones (Having Nodular and Crystalline Appearances); Some Samples Used in the Ancient and Medieval Times, International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research, 4, 7.
  • ISHAQUE, S., SALEEM, T. and QIDWAI, W., 2009, Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding Gemstone Therapeutics in A Selected Adult Population in Pakistan, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 9(32),1-17.
  • JUTTE, R., 2013, The Early History of the Placebo, Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 21, 94-97.
  • KILIÇ, S., 2011, Takılarda Kullanılan Organik ve Mineral Taşların İnsan Üzerine Etkileri, Karadeniz Araştırmaları, 29,119-132.
  • KIRBIYIK, M., 2007, Bazı XVI. Yüzyıl Divanlarında Kıymetli Taşlar, Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Edebiyat Dergisi,18, 61-75.
  • KLOSTERHALFEN, S. and ENCK, P., 2006, Psychobiology of the Placebo Response, Auton Neurosci, 25, 94-99.
  • MICKE, O., SCHONEKAES, K., MUCKE, R., KISTERS, K. and BUNTZEL, J., 2010, Mystical Stones in Oncology: Crystal Healing Power or Perfect Nonsense?, Trace Elements and Electrolytes, 27, 73-79.
  • MILLER, F. G., COLLOCA, L. and KAPTCHUK, T. J., 2009, The Placebo Effect Illness and Interpersonal Healing, Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 52(4), 518-539.
  • MOLENBERGHS, G., 2015, SAMPLİNG THEORY/SURVEY METHODS, INTERUNİVERSİTY INSTİTUTE FOR BİOSTATİSTİCS AND STATİSTİCAL BİOİNFORMATİCS, KU LEUVEN & UHASSELT, BELGİUM,
  • HTTPS://SET.KULEUVEN.BE/HAPJEONDERWİJS/2014-2015/MOLENBERGHS_05052015 [ERİŞİM TARİHİ:12 KASIM 2018].
  • MOSER, C. A. and KALTON, G., 1971, Survey Methods in Social Investigation, 1st ed., London, Heinemann Educational.
  • NEUMAN, W. L., 2006, Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, 6th ed., Boston, Pearson Education.
  • OKEN, B. S., 2008, Placebo Effects: Clinical Aspects and Neurobiology, Brain, 131, 2812-2823.
  • PRESSER, S., COUPER, M. P., LESSLER, J. T., MARTIN, E., MARTIN, J., ROTHGEB J. M. and SINGER, E., 2004, Methods for Testing and Evaluating Survey Questions, Public Opinion Quarterly, Spring, 109-130.
  • RENFRO, N., KOIVULA, J. I., WANG, W. and ROSKIN, G., 2010, Synthetic Gem Materials in the 2000s: A Decade in Review, Gems&Gemology, 46(4), 260-273.
  • REYNOLDS, N., DIAMANTAPOULOS, A. and SCHLEGELMILCH, B., 1993, Pretesting in Questionnaire Design: A Review of the Literature and Suggestion for Further Research, Journal of the Market Research Society, 35(2),171-182.
  • SALANT, P. AND DILLMAN, D. A., 1994, HOW TO CONDUCT YOUR OWN SURVEY, NEW YORK, WİLEY.
  • SHEPHERD, M., 1993, The Placebo: From Specificity to the Nonspecific and Back, Psychol. Med., 23, 569-578.
  • STOESSL, A. J. and DE LA FUENTE-FERNANDEZ, R., 2004, Willing Oneself Better on Placebo–Effective in Its Own Right, Lancet, 364, 227-228.
  • URL-1, 2018, PLASEBO ETKİSİ, HTTPS://TR.WİKİPEDİA.ORG/WİKİ/PLASEBO_ETKİSİ, [ERİŞİM TARİHİ:12 KASIM 2018].

A PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF A SURVEY STUDY ON THE PLACEBO EFFECT OF HEALING STONES

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 5, 199 - 208, 10.01.2019

Yusuf Arif Kutlu , Ayten Çalık , Emin Uğur Ulugergerli

https://doi.org/10.26809/joa.2018548630

Abstract

The last a few decades, stones known as healing have been produced artificially and, unlike the natural ones, continue to be marketed at very low prices. In order to strengthen the commercial market, many unscientific books, materials and applications are unconsciously offered to people. There are no quantitative scientific studies on the supposed positive effects of healing stones on humans. The number of qualitative studies is also very limited. Due to the short of the scientific studies, this area is occupied by non-scientific labors and persons. The Placebo Effect which is a positive effect of an ineffective drug, object or application depending on conviction. This study includes some trial survey applications to improve main questionnaire of a new project planning on the placebo effect of the healing stones and its narrow statistical results. The survey technique is preferred as The Self Completion Questionnaire Under Surveillance. In the statistical evaluation of the questions, the percentage is simply used. Consequently, the concept of the placebo effect is little known among people. However, expressing this concept understandable, the action of healing from stones is highly associated with the placebo effect by subjects.

Keywords

Healing Stones Placebo Effect The Self Completion Questionnaire Under Surveillance Subject

References

  • ALRECK, P. L. and SETTLE, R. B., 2004, The Survey Research Handbook, 3rd ed., Boston, McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
  • AKBUDAK, İ. K., BAŞIBÜYÜK, Z. ve GÜRBÜZ, M., 2018, Yozgat “Aydıncık” Kalsedon-Ametist Oluşumlarının Mineralojisi-Petrografisi ve Ekonomikliliğinin İncelenmesi, DÜMF Mühendislik Dergisi, 9(1), 313-324.
  • ATODARIA, E., GANDHI, K., RAOLE, V. and MASHRU, T., 2017, Healing Powers of Gem Therapy: An Update, EJPMR, 4(8), 362-375.
  • AYVAŞIK, H. B. ve YORULMAZ, O., 2007, Plasebo Etkisi: Kuramsal Yaklaşımlar ve Fizyolojik, Nörolojik ve Psikolojik Bozuklukların Tedavisindeki Rolü, Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 10(19), 33-54.
  • BARNETT, V., 2002, Sample Survey Principles and Methods, 3rd ed., London: Arnold.
  • BEECHER, H. K., 1955. The Powerful Placebo, J. Am. Med. Assoc., 159(17), 1602–1606.
  • BENEDETTI, F., MAYBERG, H. S., WAGER, T. D., STOHLER, C. S. and ZUBIETA, J. K., 2005, Neurobiological Mechanisms of the Placebo Effect, J. Neurosci., 25,10390-10402.
  • BIEMER, P. P., GROVES, R. M., LYBERG, L. E., MATHIOWETZ, N. A. and SUDMAN, S., 2004, Measurement Errors in Surveys, New Jersey, John Willey & Sons.
  • BLISS, J., MONK, M. and OGBORN, J. 1983, Qualitative Data Analysis for Educational Research: A Guide to Uses of Systemic Networks, London, Croom Helm.
  • BOURQUE, L. B. and CLARK, V. A., 1992, Processing Data: The Survey Example, 1st ed., Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  • CHADWICK, B. A., BAHR, H. M. and ALBRECHT, S. L., 1984, Social Science Research Methods, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • COCHRAN, W. G., 1977, Sampling Techniques, 3rd ed., New Jersey, John Willey & Sons.
  • COLLOCA, L. and BENEDETTI, F., 2005, Placebos and Painkillers: is Mind as Real as Matter?, Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 6,545-551.
  • CONVERSE, J. M. and PRESSER, S., 1986, Survey Questions: Handcrafting the Standardized Questionnaire, Bevery Hills, CA: Sage.
  • ÇALIK, A., DENİZ, O., YAŞAR, C., ULUGERGERLİ, E., 2018a, Natural Resources and Earth Sciences as A Source of Hope, 2. International Rating Academy Congress on Hope, ÇANAKKALE, TÜRKİYE, 100-101.
  • ÇALIK, A., DENİZ, O., YAŞAR, C., ULUGERGERLİ, E., 2018b, Umut Kaynağı olarak Doğal Kaynaklar ve Yerbilimleri, Yaşam Bilimlerinde Risk, Kaygı ve Umut Üzerine Yazılar, Rating Academy Yayınları, ÇANAKKALE, TÜRKİYE, 11-28.
  • DEMING, W. E., 1950, Some Theory of Sampling, New York, Dover.
  • ERDEM, M., AKARSU, S. ve GÜLSÜN, M., 2013, Plasebo Etkinin Nörobiyolojisi, Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 5(3), 299-312.
  • FINK, A., 2017, How to Conduct Surveys: A Step-By-Step Guide, 6th ed., California, Sage Publications.
  • FOWLER, F. J., 2002, Survey Research Methods, 3rd ed., Newbury Park, CA:Sage.
  • FRIEDMAN, M., 2012, Healing Spaces : Incorporating Gemstone and Chakra Healing into Architecture, MSc Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park's Library Collection.
  • GALLUP, G., 1947, The Quintamensional Plan of Question Design, Public Opinion Quarterly.
  • GÖKER, C., YILMAZ, A. ve KUMBASAR, H., 2009, Plasebo Etkili Midir? Etik Midir?, Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni, 19(2), 183-192.
  • GROVES, R. M., FOWLER, F. J., COUPER, M. P., LEPKOWSKI, J. M., SINGER, E. and TOURANGEAU, R., 2009, Survey Methodology, 2nd ed., New York, Willey.
  • HAOUR, F., 2005, Mechanisms of The Placebo Effect and of Conditioning, Neuroimmunomo-Dulation, 12,195-200.
  • HATIPOGLU, M., BABALIK, H. and CHAMBERLAIN, S. C., 2010, Gemstone Deposits in Turkey, Rocks & Minerals, 85(2), 124-133.
  • HATIPOGLU, M., KILIC, S., BABALIK, H., GUNER, E. and GUNEY, H., 2018, Healing-Therapy (Protective and Treatment) Effects on the Human Life of the Gemstones (Having Nodular and Crystalline Appearances); Some Samples Used in the Ancient and Medieval Times, International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research, 4, 7.
  • ISHAQUE, S., SALEEM, T. and QIDWAI, W., 2009, Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding Gemstone Therapeutics in A Selected Adult Population in Pakistan, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 9(32),1-17.
  • JUTTE, R., 2013, The Early History of the Placebo, Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 21, 94-97.
  • KILIÇ, S., 2011, Takılarda Kullanılan Organik ve Mineral Taşların İnsan Üzerine Etkileri, Karadeniz Araştırmaları, 29,119-132.
  • KIRBIYIK, M., 2007, Bazı XVI. Yüzyıl Divanlarında Kıymetli Taşlar, Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Edebiyat Dergisi,18, 61-75.
  • KLOSTERHALFEN, S. and ENCK, P., 2006, Psychobiology of the Placebo Response, Auton Neurosci, 25, 94-99.
  • MICKE, O., SCHONEKAES, K., MUCKE, R., KISTERS, K. and BUNTZEL, J., 2010, Mystical Stones in Oncology: Crystal Healing Power or Perfect Nonsense?, Trace Elements and Electrolytes, 27, 73-79.
  • MILLER, F. G., COLLOCA, L. and KAPTCHUK, T. J., 2009, The Placebo Effect Illness and Interpersonal Healing, Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 52(4), 518-539.
  • MOLENBERGHS, G., 2015, SAMPLİNG THEORY/SURVEY METHODS, INTERUNİVERSİTY INSTİTUTE FOR BİOSTATİSTİCS AND STATİSTİCAL BİOİNFORMATİCS, KU LEUVEN & UHASSELT, BELGİUM,
  • HTTPS://SET.KULEUVEN.BE/HAPJEONDERWİJS/2014-2015/MOLENBERGHS_05052015 [ERİŞİM TARİHİ:12 KASIM 2018].
  • MOSER, C. A. and KALTON, G., 1971, Survey Methods in Social Investigation, 1st ed., London, Heinemann Educational.
  • NEUMAN, W. L., 2006, Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, 6th ed., Boston, Pearson Education.
  • OKEN, B. S., 2008, Placebo Effects: Clinical Aspects and Neurobiology, Brain, 131, 2812-2823.
  • PRESSER, S., COUPER, M. P., LESSLER, J. T., MARTIN, E., MARTIN, J., ROTHGEB J. M. and SINGER, E., 2004, Methods for Testing and Evaluating Survey Questions, Public Opinion Quarterly, Spring, 109-130.
  • RENFRO, N., KOIVULA, J. I., WANG, W. and ROSKIN, G., 2010, Synthetic Gem Materials in the 2000s: A Decade in Review, Gems&Gemology, 46(4), 260-273.
  • REYNOLDS, N., DIAMANTAPOULOS, A. and SCHLEGELMILCH, B., 1993, Pretesting in Questionnaire Design: A Review of the Literature and Suggestion for Further Research, Journal of the Market Research Society, 35(2),171-182.
  • SALANT, P. AND DILLMAN, D. A., 1994, HOW TO CONDUCT YOUR OWN SURVEY, NEW YORK, WİLEY.
  • SHEPHERD, M., 1993, The Placebo: From Specificity to the Nonspecific and Back, Psychol. Med., 23, 569-578.
  • STOESSL, A. J. and DE LA FUENTE-FERNANDEZ, R., 2004, Willing Oneself Better on Placebo–Effective in Its Own Right, Lancet, 364, 227-228.
  • URL-1, 2018, PLASEBO ETKİSİ, HTTPS://TR.WİKİPEDİA.ORG/WİKİ/PLASEBO_ETKİSİ, [ERİŞİM TARİHİ:12 KASIM 2018].
There are 46 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Communication and Media Studies
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Yusuf Arif Kutlu

Ayten Çalık

Emin Uğur Ulugergerli

Publication Date January 10, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 3 Issue: 5

Cite

APA Kutlu, Y. A., Çalık, A., & Ulugergerli, E. U. (2019). ŞİFALI TAŞLARIN PLASEBO ETKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR ANKET ÇALIŞMASININ İLK SONUÇLARI. Journal of Awareness, 3(5), 199-208. https://doi.org/10.26809/joa.2018548630
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