The Limited Recognition of the Republic of Abkhazia and Russia’s Role in Abkhazia

Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 11, 1 - 22, 30.11.2020

Muhittin Tolga Ozsaglam

https://doi.org/10.21488/jocas.819525

Cited By: 3

Abstract

International relations system is getting more complicated day by day. There are several actors within the international relations system currently which creates the complex relations. Limited recognized states within the system are one of the reasons for the emergence of the complex relations. The foundation of Abkhazia, TRNC (Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus), South Ossetia etc and taking their roles with their patron states have broken the traditional perceptions within the international relations system. In this study, the picture of Abkhazia, a limitedly recognised-de-facto state is drawn economically, socially and politically. Inside of the picture, the independency process of Abkhazia is discussed by focusing on internal and external dynamics (Russia, International Organizations). Abkhazia has the capabilities to provide the necessities of being a state and established its foreign affairs as well. Russia is the most important and effective actor on these foreign affairs with Abkhazia. Under this framework, Russia’s foreign policy orientation and its role in Abkhazia-Georgia Conflict is discussed analytically by indicating the geopolitical priorities of Russia. Russia’s role in Abkhazia since 2008 conflict which increased economically, politically and militarily is also under investigation in this study. Finally, the Sui Generis status of Abkhazia is discussed with a deductive and qualitative methodology in this study.

Keywords

De Facto, Russia, Abkhazia, Georgia, Caucasus, Responsibility to Protect (R2P)

Ограниченно признанная Абхазия и роль России

Abstract

International relations system is getting more complicated day by day. There are several actors within the international relations system currently which creates the complex relations. Limited recognized states within the system are one of the reasons for the emergence of the complex relations. The foundation of Abkhazia, TRNC (Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus), South Ossetia etc and taking their roles with their patron states have broken the traditional perceptions within the international relations system. In this study, the picture of Abkhazia, a limitedly recognised-de-facto state is drawn economically, socially and politically. Inside of the picture, the independency process of Abkhazia is discussed by focusing on internal and external dynamics (Russia, International Organizations). Abkhazia has the capabilities to provide the necessities of being a state and established its foreign affairs as well. Russia is the most important and effective actor on these foreign affairs with Abkhazia. Under this framework, Russia’s foreign policy orientation and its role in Abkhazia-Georgia Conflict is discussed analytically by indicating the geopolitical priorities of Russia. Russia’s role in Abkhazia since 2008 conflict which increased economically, politically and militarily is also under investigation in this study. Finally, the Sui Generis status of Abkhazia is discussed with a deductive and qualitative methodology in this study.

Keywords

Россия, Абхазия, Кавказ, де-факто

Sınırlı Tanınan Abhazya Cumhuriyeti ve Rusya’nın Abhazya’daki Rolü [The Limited Recognition of the Republic of Abkhazia and Russia’s Role in Abkhazia]

Abstract

Uluslararası ilişkiler sistemi gün geçtikçe karmaşıklaşmaktadır. Sistem içerisinde aktörlerin çeşitlenmesi ve aktörler arasındaki ilişkilerin de aynı oranda karmaşık bir hal almasıyla birlikte uluslararası ilişkiler sistemi de daha fazla karmaşıklaşmıştır. Bu karmaşıklığın derinleşmesinde uluslararası ilişkiler sistemi içerisinde sınırlı tanınan devletlerin ortaya çıkmasının büyük bir rolü vardır. Abhazya, KKTC, Kosova, Güney Osetya v.d. devletlerin kurulmaları ve hami devletleriyle birlikte uluslararası ilişkiler sistemi içerisinde aktör olarak yer almaları uluslararası ilişkiler sistemine dair ezberleri bozmuştur. Bu çalışmada de facto anlamda uluslararası ilişkiler sistemi içerisinde ezber bozan ve sınırlı tanınan devletlerden Abhazya Cumhuriyeti’nin ekonomik, sosyal ve siyasal anlamda resmi çizilmektedir. Bu resmin içerisinde Abhazya’nın bağımsızlığını ilan etme süreci ve bu süreçte iç dinamiklerin dış dinamiklerle (Rusya, Uluslararası Örgütler v.b.) olan etkileşimleri irdelenmektedir. Abhazya’nın devlet olmanın kriterlerini yerine getiren unsurların ve kurumların betimlenmesi ve bununla birlikte Abhazya devletinin dış aktörlerle olan ilişkileri analitik olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Dış aktörler bağlamında Rusya’nın en önemli ve etkin aktör olarak öne çıktığı görülmektedir. Bu çerçevede Abhaz-Gürcü çatışmasında Rusya’nın oynadığı rol ve değişken politikaları kendisinin jeopolitik ve dış politika perspektiflerine gönderme yapılarak değerlendirilmektedir. Rusya’nın 2008 savaşının ardından Abhazya’ya askeri ve siyasi anlamda yaklaşımı ve artan ekonomik etkinliği de bu çalışmada ayrıca incelenmektedir. Sonuç olarak çalışmada Sui Generis bir gerçeklik olan Abhazya Cumhuriyeti’nin konumu tümden gelim ve nitel bir yaklaşımla değerlendirilmektedir.

Keywords

Abhazya, Rusya, Kafkasya, De Facto, Koruma Sorumluluğu, Gürcistan

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