Evaluation of Apical Root Resorption in Anterior Teeth of Pediatric Patients Treated with Clear Aligners
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate external apical root resorption (EARR) in pediatric patients treated with clear aligner therapy (CAT) during the mixed dentition period using panoramic radiographs. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 30 children (aged 7–11 years) treated with CAT. Pre-treatment (T0) and post-treatment (T1) panoramic radiographs were evaluated using a modified Malmgren Index. Differences between T0 and T1 were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (p < 0.05). Results: A total of 240 permanent incisors were assessed. Mild root contour irregularities (Score 1) were observed in 1.7% of teeth (4/240), while no cases of moderate or severe EARR were detected. No statistically significant difference was found between T0 and T1 (p > 0.05). Intra-observer agreement was excellent (Kappa = 0.91). Conclusion: Within the limitations of panoramic radiographic assessment, CAT in the mixed dentition period was not associated with clinically significant EARR. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution, and further studies using more accurate imaging methods are recommended.
Keywords
References
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Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics
Journal Section
Research Article
Authors
Publication Date
May 9, 2026
Submission Date
January 10, 2026
Acceptance Date
March 10, 2026
Published in Issue
Year 2026 Volume: 1 Number: 1