Küresel Kentsel Gelişimin Çevresel Etkileri Üzerine bir İnceleme

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, literatüre paralel olarak, elde edilen bulgulara göre, küresel nüfus artışı ve bu nüfusun kentlerde katlanarak çoğalmasının doğal arazi ve bitki örtüsü alanlarının hızla azalmasına, düzensiz plansız ve çarpık kent alanlarının ise hızla artmasına neden olduğu söylenebilir. Şehirlerin büyümesini yönlendiren ulusal ve yerel politikacılar tarafından kısmen, gayrı resmi çıkar grupları tarafından her zaman konunun ciddiyeti üzerine düşünülmemekte, her geçen gün çevreye zarar verici uygulamalar doğuran kaçak yapılaşmalar dünya çapında artmaktadır. Kentsel dönüşüm ve gecekondu bölgelerinin iyileştirilip dönüştürülmesi genellikle toplulukların sosyoekonomik refahı açısından ele alınmakta, politika geliştiriciler tarafından bazen bu asli görev de görmezden gelinerek ekonomik kaygılar daha da öncelenmekte, ama her iki durumda da zaman zaman en büyük hedef olması gereken sürdürülebilirlik ve doğal çevrenin korunması amacıyla çelişebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bu tür olumsuzlukların giderilmesine yönelik öneriler geliştirmektir. Olumsuz örneklerin düzeltilebilmesine yönelik olarak geliştirilen öneriler, Yönetim sistemleri prensiplerinin konulara uygulanması yöntemiyle oluşturulmuştur. Olumsuz örneklerle birlikte, gelişmiş, yeni gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler kentsel alanlarda karbon emisyonlarının azaltılmasına ve doğayla barışık ve doğaya saygılı kentsel gelişim ve kentsel dönüşüm uygulamalarına dair bazı olumlu örnekler de sunmaktadır. Böylece olumlu ve olumsuz örnekler analiz edilip yorumlanarak Yönetim sistemleri prensiplerine dayalı öneriler geliştirilmeye çalışılmıştır.

Keywords

• kentsel gelişim
• kentsel dönüşüm
• çevre politikaları
• sürdürülebilirlik
• Yönetim Sistemleri

A Study on the Environmental Impacts of Global Urban Development

Abstract

In this study, parallel to the literature, according to the findings, it can be said that the global population growth and the exponential increase of this population in the cities cause a rapid decrease in natural land and vegetation areas, and a rapid increase in irregular, unplanned and unplanned urban areas. Partially, the seriousness of the issue is not considered by the national and local politicians who direct the growth of cities, and illegal constructions that cause environmentally harmful practices are increasing around the world. On the other hand, the issue not considered at all by informal interest groups active in illegal settlements and economy. Urban transformation and the improvement and transformation of slum areas are generally considered in terms of the socioeconomic well-being of the communities, this primary task is sometimes overlooked by policy makers and economic concerns are prioritized, but in both cases, sustainability and the protection of the natural environment, which should be the highest goal, can be contradicted from time to time. The aim of this study is to develop suggestions for eliminating such negativities. Suggestions developed for the correction of negative examples were created by applying the principles of management systems to the subjects. Along with negative examples, developed, newly developed and developing countries also offer some positive examples of reducing carbon emissions in urban areas and urban development and urban transformation practices that are in harmony with nature and respectful to nature. Thus, positive and negative examples were analyzed and interpreted, and suggestions based on the principles of management systems were tried to be developed.

Keywords

• urban devolopment
• urban transformation
• environmental policies
• sustainability
• Management Systems

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