ORGANIZATIONAL AND INDIVIDUAL DETERMINANTS OF QUIET QUITTING AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS: AN UPDATED SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF EMPIRICAL STUDIES

Abstract

Objective: This review aimed to provide an updated synthesis of the determinants, outcomes, and managerial implications reported in empirical studies that directly measured quiet quitting among healthcare workers. Methods: The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020. A structured search of the Web of Science Core Collection was completed in May 2026. Peer-reviewed studies in English or Turkish were eligible when they included healthcare workers, explicitly measured quiet quitting, and reported original data. Methodological quality was assessed using design-appropriate Joanna Briggs Institute tools and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings were integrated through directed thematic synthesis. Results: Twenty-seven eligible studies were included. Most evidence was derived from nursing samples and cross-sectional designs. Heavy workload, understaffing, burnout, poor work environments, workplace bullying, and low organizational support were positively associated with quiet quitting. Emotional intelligence, moral and psychological resilience, supportive leadership, and quality of work life were reported as protective resources. Evidence directly linking quiet quitting to objective patient outcomes remained limited. Conclusion: Quiet quitting should not be reduced to an individual lack of motivation. It should be monitored as an organizational early-warning indicator related to work design, leadership, and employee well-being. Longitudinal and multi-professional studies using objective care outcomes are required.

Keywords

• Quiet quitting
• healthcare workers
• nurses
• burnout
• systematic review.

SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA SESSİZ İSTİFANIN ÖRGÜTSEL VE BİREYSEL BELİRLEYİCİLERİ: AMPİRİK ARAŞTIRMALARIN GÜNCELLENMİŞ SİSTEMATİK DERLEMESİ

Abstract

Amaç: Sağlık çalışanlarında sessiz istifayı doğrudan ölçen ampirik araştırmalarda bildirilen belirleyicilerin, sonuçların ve yönetimsel çıkarımların güncellenmiş biçimde sentezlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Sistematik derleme PRISMA 2020 doğrultusunda yürütülmüştür. Web of Science Core Collection veri tabanında Mayıs 2026 tarihinde yapılandırılmış tarama gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sağlık çalışanlarını kapsayan, sessiz istifayı açık biçimde ölçen ve özgün veri sunan Türkçe veya İngilizce hakemli çalışmalar değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaların yöntemsel niteliği tasarıma uygun Joanna Briggs Institute ve Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool ölçütleriyle incelenmiş, bulgular yönlendirilmiş tematik sentezle birleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Uygunluk ölçütlerini karşılayan 27 araştırma senteze alınmıştır. Kanıtların çoğunun hemşire örneklemlerine ve kesitsel tasarımlara dayandığı belirlenmiştir. Yüksek iş yükü, yetersiz personel, tükenmişlik, olumsuz çalışma ortamı, iş yeri zorbalığı ve düşük örgütsel destek sessiz istifayla olumlu yönde ilişkilendirilmiştir. Duygusal zekâ, ahlaki ve psikolojik dayanıklılık, destekleyici liderlik ile nitelikli çalışma yaşamı koruyucu kaynaklar olarak bildirilmiştir. Sonuç: Sessiz istifanın yalnızca bireysel motivasyon eksikliği olarak değerlendirilmemesi; iş tasarımı, liderlik ve çalışan refahıyla ilişkili örgütsel bir erken uyarı göstergesi olarak izlenmesi gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

• Sessiz istifa
• sağlık çalışanları
• hemşireler
• tükenmişlik
• sistematik derleme

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