Kronik Hastalığı Olan Hastaların Reçetesiz İlaç (OTC) Kullanım Tutumları ve İlaç Uyumu: Bir Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi Analizi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, kronik hastalığı olan hastalarda reçetesiz ilaç (over-the-counter-OTC) kullanımını, OTC tutumlarını ve ilaç uyumunu değerlendirmektir. Çalışmaya kronik hastalığı olan 276 hasta katılmış olup, veriler Mayıs-Eylül 2023 tarihleri arasında toplanmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri OTC kullanımı, OTC tutumları ve ilaç uyumunu sorgulayan bir anket kullanılarak toplanmıştır. OTC ile ilgili ifadeler ve hastaların ilaç uyumu durumları arasındaki fark için tek yönlü ANOVA kullanılmıştır. “H1: Kronik hastalığı olan hastalarda OTC tutumları ilaç uyumunu etkiler” hipotezini test etmek için yol analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların toplam %52,2'si OTC kullanmaktadır. Daha olumlu OTC tutumları daha düşük ilaç uyumu puanı ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. “OTC'nin hiçbir yan etkisi ya da olumsuz etkisi yoktur” ifadesine katılmayan hastalar, emin olmayanlara göre 0,402 kat daha az ilaç uyumuna sahipti (t=2,409; p=0,016). Hastalar genel olarak OTC'ye yönelik olumsuz tutumlara sahip olsalar da OTC kullanımının teşvik edilmesi konusunda iyimser bir görüşe sahiptirler. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, OTC kullanımının yaygın olduğunu ve OTC'ye yönelik olumlu tutumların kronik hastalığı olan hastalarda ilaç uyumunu azalttığını ortaya koymuştur. Bununla birlikte, ilaç uyumu puanları yüksek olan hastalar OTC kullanımını desteklemeye isteklidir. Kronik hastalığı olan hastalar OTC hakkında bilgiye ihtiyaç duyabilir. Hemşireler ve diğer sağlık çalışanları, hastaların potansiyel OTC kullanımını, ilaç-ilaç etkileşimlerini veya ilaç-gıda etkileşimlerini dikkate alabilir. Hastaların ihtiyaçlarına göre, bakımda yapılandırılmış eğitim programları uygulanabilir.

Keywords

• Kronik hastalık
• ilaç uyumu
• reçetesiz ilaçlar
• yapısal eşitlik modeli.

Over-the-Counter Medicine (OTC) Attitudes and Medication Adherence in Patients with Chronic Diseases: A Structural Equation Modelling Analysis

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate over-the-counter medicine (OTC) use, OTC attitudes, and medication adherence (MA) in patients with chronic diseases. Data were collected from May to September 2023, and 276 patients with chronic diseases participated. OTC use, OTC attitudes, and MA were assessed using a questionnaire. One-way ANOVA was used to examine differences in OTC-related parameters and MA. The path analysis method was used to test “H1: OTC attitudes affect MA in patients with chronic diseases.” A total of 52.2% of the participants used OTC. More positive OTC attitudes were associated with lower MA scores. The patients who disagreed with the statement "OTC have no side effects or negative effects" had 0.402 times less MA than those who were not sure (t=2.409; p=0.016). Even though the patients had negative attitudes toward OTC in general, they had an optimistic view of being encouraged to use OTC. The results of this study revealed that OTC use is common, and positive attitudes toward OTC decrease MA in patients with chronic diseases. However, patients with high MA are willing to support OTC use. Patients with chronic diseases may need information on OTC. Nurses and other healthcare professionals can take the potential OTC use of patients, drug-drug interactions, or drug-food interactions into account. According to the needs of patients, structured education programs can be implemented in care.

Keywords

• Chronic disease
• medication adherence
• over-the-counter drugs
• structural equation modeling

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