Recommended Mirror Therapy Protocol Based on Supportive Existing Research in CVA Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review

Abstract

The purpose of this systematic review was to use existing research to extract a recommended protocol for mirror therapy during CVA rehabilitation. Articles included were published within the last 5 years, in English, had accessible full text versions of the articles, and involved an adult population of individuals 18 years and older. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were used by two certified occupational therapists to identify and screen studies to be included in the review. Individual searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, and ProQuest databases on December 18, 2024, through January 5, 2025. The following search terms were used by both authors: “mirror therapy,” “intervention,” “occupational therapy,” “stroke OR CVA,” and “adults.” A total of 655 studies were identified, and after sorting for relevance/inclusion criteria, 23 were included. A total of 853 participants were in the included studies, mostly men with a mean age of 55.3. It was found that a minimum protocol of 72 minutes per week for 4 weeks with 15 sessions was an effective use of mirror therapy during CVA rehabilitation. The Fugl-Meyer was the most frequently used outcome measure used by the included studies. This review found moderate evidence to support the establishment of a minimum mirror therapy protocol to be utilized in CVA rehabilitation. However, mirror therapy is most effective when combined with other interventions such as cognitive therapeutic exercise, BoNT-A injections, electric stimulation, task-based mirror therapy, and video-augmented therapy.

Keywords

• upper extremity
• stroke
• therapy

Supporting Institution

Gannon University

Ethical Statement

We expose that the manuscript represents the results of original work submitted solely to your journal and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere until a decision is made regarding its acceptability. APA ethical standards were followed during the study. All authors acknowledge ethical responsibility for the content of the manuscript and will accept the consequences of any ethical violation. This research is not part of a larger study.

Serebrovasküler Olay Rehabilitasyonunda Mevcut Destekleyici Araştırmalara Dayalı Önerilen Ayna Terapisi Protokolü: Sistematik Bir Derleme

Abstract

Bu sistematik derlemenin amacı, mevcut araştırmaları kullanarak CVA rehabilitasyonu sırasında ayna terapisi için önerilen bir protokol çıkarmaktı. Dahil edilen makaleler son 5 yıl içinde yayımlanmış, İngilizce, makalelerin tam metinlerine erişilebilir durumda olan ve 18 yaş ve üzeri yetişkinleri içeren çalışmalardı. Sistematik Derleme ve Meta-Analiz için Tercih Edilen Raporlama Ögeleri (PRISMA) yönergeleri, derlemeye dahil edilecek çalışmaları belirlemek ve taramak için iki sertifikalı ergoterapist tarafından kullanıldı. Bireysel aramalar 18 Aralık 2024 ile 5 Ocak 2025 tarihleri arasında PubMed, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo ve ProQuest veri tabanlarında yapıldı. Her iki yazar tarafından şu arama terimleri kullanıldı: "ayna terapisi," "müdahale," "ergoterapi," "inme YA DA CVA," ve "yetişkinler." Toplamda 655 çalışma belirlendi ve uygunluk/dahil etme kriterlerine göre sıralandıktan sonra 23 çalışma dahil edildi. Dahil edilen çalışmalarda toplam 853 katılımcı bulunmaktaydı, bunların çoğu ortalama yaşı 55,3 olan erkeklerdi. CVA rehabilitasyonu sırasında aynalı terapi için 4 hafta boyunca haftada 3-4 kez, en az 72 dakika toplam 15 seans bir protokolün etkili bir kullanım olduğu bulunmuştur. Dahil edilen çalışmalarda en sık kullanılan sonuç ölçütü Fugl-Meyer idi. Bu derleme, CVA rehabilitasyonunda kullanılacak minimum bir aynalı terapi protokolünün oluşturulmasını desteklemek için orta düzeyde kanıt bulmuştur. Bununla birlikte, aynalı terapi, bilişsel terapötik egzersiz, BoNT-A enjeksiyonları, elektriksel uyarım, görev tabanlı aynalı terapi ve video destekli terapi gibi diğer müdahalelerle birleştirildiğinde en etkili olanıdır.

Keywords

• üst ekstremite
• inme
• terapi

Supporting Institution

Gannon University

Ethical Statement

Elimizdeki makalenin, yalnızca derginize sunulan özgün çalışmaların sonuçlarını temsil ettiğini ve kabul edilebilirliğiyle ilgili bir karar verilene kadar başka bir yerde yayınlanmak üzere sunulmayacağını beyan ederiz. Çalışma sırasında APA etik standartlarına uyulmuştur. Tüm yazarlar, makalenin içeriği ile ilgili etik sorumluluğu kabul eder ve herhangi bir etik ihlalin sonuçlarını kabullenir. Bu araştırma, daha geniş bir çalışmanın parçası değildir.

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