The Smallest Workers in Regenerative Medicine: Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes

Year 2021, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 58 - 67, 31.12.2021

Özer Öner , Süleyman Gökhan Kara , İhsan Karakaya , Ayla Eker Sarıboyacı , Onur Uysal , Sibel Güneş Huseyin Avci

https://doi.org/10.51934/jomit.1016923

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vesicles secreted by cells into the extracellular space, first discovered in 1967 as platelet dust. In recent years, the idea that EVs can treat various diseases has emerged in studies to understand these vesicles' origin and biological functions. According to their size, biogenesis, content, release pathways and function, EVs have three main subtypes: microvesicle (MV), exosome (EX) and apoptotic body. EVs are found in all body fluids, including urine, plasma, and physiological fluids such as bronchial lavage. In addition, it is secreted by many cell types such as dendritic cells, B cells, T-cells, mast cells, tumour cells, and sperm. This literature article reviewed studies using stem cell-derived EVs in numerous clinical and preclinical studies.

Keywords

Extracellular Vesicles, Stem Cell, Exosome, Regeneration, Regenerative Medicine

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