Gestasyonel hipertansiyon ve güncel tedavi yaklaşımları

Abstract

Gebelikte optimal kan basıncının idame edilmesi sağlıklı fetüs gelişimi için vazgeçilmez bir unsurdur. Gebeliğin 20. haftasından sonra proteinüri benzeri sistemik bulguların eşlik etmediği, kan basıncının 140/90 mmHg ve üzerinde olmasına ‘gestasyonel hipertansiyon’ denir. Hamilelik sırasındaki hipertansif bozukluklar, uzun vadede kardiyovasküler hastalık riskini attırdığı için bu hastalara ömür boyu takip önerilmelidir. Anne ölümlerine ilişkin araştırmalar preeklampsi ve eklampsiye bu konuda göz ardı edilmemesi gereken nedenler olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Gebelik döneminde tedavi edilmeyen hipertansiyon hem anne hem de bebek için maternal kardiyovasküler çeşitli morbiditelere yol açabilir. İlave olarak gebelik sonrası yaşamda kardiyovasküler hastalıklar da gestasyonel hipertansiyon tanısı konulmuş annelerde daha sık görülür. Bu derlemede gestasyonel hipertansiyon ve yeni tedavi yaklaşımları ele alınmıştır.

Keywords

• Gestasyonel hipertansiyon
• gebelikte hipertansiyon
• preeklampsi
• gebelikte antihipertansifler

Gestational hypertension and current treatment approaches

Abstract

Maintaining optimal blood pressure during pregnancy is an essential element for healthy fetal development. Gestational hypertension is defined as a blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg and above without accompanying systemic findings such as proteinuria after the 20th week of pregnancy. Because hypertensive disorders during pregnancy increase the long-term risk of cardiovascular disease, these patients should be offered lifelong follow-up. Studies on maternal deaths have revealed that preeclampsia and eclampsia are causes that should not be ignored in this regard. Untreated hypertension during pregnancy can lead to various maternal cardiovascular morbidities for both mother and baby. In addition, cardiovascular diseases are more common in mothers diagnosed with gestational hypertension in the post-pregnancy life. In this review, gestational hypertension and new treatment approaches are discussed.

Keywords

• Gestational hypertension
• hypertension in pregnancy
• preeclampsia
• antihypertensives in pregnancy

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