Research Article

Perspectives of Turkish rheumatologists on the International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns (ICAP) and the anapatterns.org website

Volume: 6 Number: 5 October 24, 2025
EN TR

Perspectives of Turkish rheumatologists on the International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns (ICAP) and the anapatterns.org website

Abstract

Aims: The International Consensus on ANA Patterns (ICAP) was established to standardize the terminology and interpretation of antinuclear antibody (ANA) patterns detected by indirect immunofluorescence on HEp-2 cells. To assess awareness, familiarity, and use of the ICAP and its educational website (anapatterns.org) among Turkish rheumatologists. Methods: Cross-sectional online survey (20 items). Results: Of 103 respondents, 42% received ANA results in ICAP format, and 67.6% were unfamiliar with the ICAP anti-cell classification. Despite frequent ANA use, 63.1% had never met the reporting specialist. Although 52.9% had heard of the anapatterns.org website, only 35.3% had used it, and just 7.8% were registered. Twenty-seven participants agreed that the DFS70 pattern is more clearly defined with ICAP. Reporting preferences were split: 49 (47.6%) favored the classical format, and 54 (52.4%) preferred ICAP-based reporting. A significant difference was observed between those preferring ICAP-based versus classical reporting in terms of familiarity with ICAP (50.0% vs.12.2%, p<0.001), perceived reliability of ICAP-based reports (p<0.001), and usage of anapatterns.org (p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, neither age (as a proxy for experience) nor academic employment predicted preference; prior exposure to ICAP-formatted reports was the only independent predictor, increasing the odds of preferring ICAP nearly fivefold. Conclusion: Practical adoption of ICAP remains limited despite general awareness. Consistent with the multivariate findings, uptake appears driven by prior exposure to ICAP-formatted reports rather than clinician age or academic setting. Targeted educational initiatives that provide direct exposure to ICAP-formatted reporting may accelerate standardization of ANA reporting and foster more consistent interpretation in clinical rheumatology.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

There is no source(s) of support in the form of grants or industrial support.

Ethical Statement

Ethics committee approval was obtained from the Ankara Training and Research Hospital Clinical Trials Ethics Committee (date/number: 12.03.2025/ 25-436)

Thanks

We truly thank all rheumatologists that participated in the survey.

References

  1. Chan EK, Damoiseaux J, Carballo OG, et al. Report of the First International Consensus on Standardized Nomenclature of Antinuclear Antibody HEp-2 cell patterns 2014-2015. Front Immunol. 2015;6:412. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2015.00412
  2. Andrade LEC, Klotz W, Herold M, et al. Reflecting on a decade of the international consensus on ANA patterns (ICAP): accomplishments and challenges from the perspective of the 7th ICAP workshop. Autoimmun Rev. 2024;23(9):103608. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103608
  3. Peterson LK, Tebo AE, Wener MH, Copple SS, Fritzler MJ. Assessment of antinuclear antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence assay: report from a survey by the American Association of Medical Laboratory Immunologists. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2020;58(9):1489-1497. doi:10.1515/cclm-2019-1262
  4. Patel D, Albarede S, Klotz W, et al. Detection of antinuclear antibodies: a survey done by the European Organsation for External Quality Assurance Providers in Laboratory Medicine. Lab Med. 2025;56(5):528-535. doi:10.1093/labmed/lmaf011
  5. Van Hoovels L, Broeders S, Chan EKL, et al. Current laboratory and clinical practices in reporting and interpreting anti-nuclear antibody indirect immunofluorescence (ANA IIF) patterns: results of an international survey. Auto Immun Highlights. 2020;11(1):17. doi:10.1186/s13317-020-00139-9
  6. Meroni PL, Schur PH. ANA screening: an old test with new recommendations. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69(8):1420-1422. doi:10.1136/ard.2009.127100
  7. Damoiseaux J, Agmon-Levin N, Van Blerk M, et al. From ANA-screening to antigen-specificity: an EASI-survey on the daily practice in European countries. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2014;32(4):539-546.
  8. Agmon-Levin N, Damoiseaux J, Kallenberg C, et al. International recommendations for the assessment of autoantibodies to cellular antigens referred to as anti-nuclear antibodies. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014; 73(1):17-23. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203863

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Rheumatology and Arthritis

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

October 24, 2025

Submission Date

September 11, 2025

Acceptance Date

September 29, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 6 Number: 5

APA
Yarkan Tuğsal, H. (2025). Perspectives of Turkish rheumatologists on the International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns (ICAP) and the anapatterns.org website. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, 6(5), 544-550. https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1782427
AMA
1.Yarkan Tuğsal H. Perspectives of Turkish rheumatologists on the International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns (ICAP) and the anapatterns.org website. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2025;6(5):544-550. doi:10.47582/jompac.1782427
Chicago
Yarkan Tuğsal, Handan. 2025. “Perspectives of Turkish Rheumatologists on the International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns (ICAP) and the Anapatterns.Org Website”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 6 (5): 544-50. https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1782427.
EndNote
Yarkan Tuğsal H (October 1, 2025) Perspectives of Turkish rheumatologists on the International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns (ICAP) and the anapatterns.org website. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 6 5 544–550.
IEEE
[1]H. Yarkan Tuğsal, “Perspectives of Turkish rheumatologists on the International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns (ICAP) and the anapatterns.org website”, J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 544–550, Oct. 2025, doi: 10.47582/jompac.1782427.
ISNAD
Yarkan Tuğsal, Handan. “Perspectives of Turkish Rheumatologists on the International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns (ICAP) and the Anapatterns.Org Website”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 6/5 (October 1, 2025): 544-550. https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1782427.
JAMA
1.Yarkan Tuğsal H. Perspectives of Turkish rheumatologists on the International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns (ICAP) and the anapatterns.org website. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2025;6:544–550.
MLA
Yarkan Tuğsal, Handan. “Perspectives of Turkish Rheumatologists on the International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns (ICAP) and the Anapatterns.Org Website”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, vol. 6, no. 5, Oct. 2025, pp. 544-50, doi:10.47582/jompac.1782427.
Vancouver
1.Handan Yarkan Tuğsal. Perspectives of Turkish rheumatologists on the International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns (ICAP) and the anapatterns.org website. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2025 Oct. 1;6(5):544-50. doi:10.47582/jompac.1782427

TR DİZİN ULAKBİM and International Indexes (1d)

Interuniversity Board (UAK) Equivalency: Article published in Ulakbim TR Index journal [10 POINTS], and Article published in other (excuding 1a, b, c) international indexed journal (1d) [5 POINTS]
 


 

download?token=eyJhdXRoX3JvbGVzIjpbXSwiZW5kcG9pbnQiOiJqb3VybmFsIiwib3JpZ2luYWxuYW1lIjoiVHJfSW5kZXhfbG9nby5wbmciLCJwYXRoIjoiN2EzMC84NTVhL2UyMWMvNjlkZjRkZmVhNTUyNTYuNzg3NjU2ODgucG5nIiwiZXhwIjoxNzc2MjQ1Nzc0LCJub25jZSI6IjU0MDZkMWE2NmE1Y2QwZTJjNGYyNDA1OTM2MTE0YWIxIn0.Tt-WScFXTj5r2jji5eDMFApNzujLMjMPl8ivXRbozSI



f9ab67f.png
asos-index.png


 


download?token=eyJhdXRoX3JvbGVzIjpbXSwiZW5kcG9pbnQiOiJqb3VybmFsIiwib3JpZ2luYWxuYW1lIjoiQ3Jvc3NyZWYuanBnIiwicGF0aCI6IjAzMzEvMTdkZi8yN2ZkLzY5ZGY0ZThhMDZkMjg0LjQxMjAyNDg5LmpwZyIsImV4cCI6MTc3NjI0NTkxNCwibm9uY2UiOiI2NjM1Yjc5MWFiY2I1MDQ0NjkzMTAxMDhjY2Y2NzRlMCJ9.5jDQBEY-KErkDK1QjDmv9ichOkNIn5CWYibe1Wz1644
icmje_1_orig.png
 
cc.logo.large.png
 
ncbi.png
 
google-scholar.pngpn6krf5.jpg
 


 

Our journal is in TR-Dizin, DRJI (Directory of Research Journals Indexing, General Impact Factor, Google Scholar, Researchgate, CrossRef (DOI), ROAD, ASOS Index, Turk Medline Index, Eurasian Scientific Journal Index (ESJI), and Turkiye Citation Index.

EBSCO, DOAJ, OAJI and ProQuest Index are in process of evaluation. 

 

Journal articles are evaluated as "Double-Blind Peer Review"