Research Article

The role of eosinophil count and eosinophil-based complete blood cell indices in predicting preeclampsia in the first trimester of pregnancy: a case-control study

Volume: 7 Number: 1 February 20, 2026
TR EN

The role of eosinophil count and eosinophil-based complete blood cell indices in predicting preeclampsia in the first trimester of pregnancy: a case-control study

Abstract

Aims: This study aims to investigate the relationship between first-trimester eosinophils and eosinophil-based hematological indices and the development of preeclampsia (PE). Methods: In this retrospective study, 105 pregnant women who underwent a complete blood count between the sixth and fourteenth weeks of pregnancy and were subsequently diagnosed with PE who gave birth at our center were compared with 120 healthy pregnant women. Demographic characteristics, hematological values, eosinophil-based indices and perinatal outcomes were compared between groups. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with the development of PE. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the predictive performance of these indices for the development of PE. Results: When comparing the PE group with healthy controls, the median eosinophil count (0.08 vs. 0.10, p=0.013), NER (neutrophil-eosinophil ratio) (76.00 vs. 60.50, p=0.016), LER (leukocyte-eosinophil ratio) (105.43 vs. 91.35, p=0.015), ELR (eosinophil-lymphocyte ratio) (0.04 vs. 0.05, p=0.010) and EBR (Eosinophil-to-basophil ratio) (2.25 vs. 3.00, p=0.002) showed significant differences, but there was no difference in EMR (eosinophil-to-monocyte ratio) (p=0.065). In the multivariable analysis, eosinophil count (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=0.01, p=0.048), EBR (aOR=0.80, p=0.003), EMR (aOR=0.70, p=0.038), NER (aOR=1.00, p=0.020) and LER (aOR=1.00, p=0.017) were associated with the development of PE. ROC analysis revealed that EBR is the most discriminative eosinophil-based marker (area under the curve [AUC]=0.619). There was no significant difference between the groups with severe and non-severe PE in eosinophil count and eosinophil-based hematological indices (p>0.05). Conclusion: Changes in eosinophil count and eosinophil-based hematological ratios during the first trimester reflect immune system abnormalities that occur prior to the clinical onset of PE. In particular, low eosinophil, EMR with EBR parameters and increased NER with LER values can be considered early indicators of PE risk. These parameters alone have limited predictive performance.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Financial Disclosure The authors declared that this study has received no financial support.

Ethical Statement

Ethics Committee Approval The study has received official approval from the Ankara Etlik City Hospital No. 2 Scientific Research Evaluation and Ethics Committee (Approval No: AEŞH-BADEK2-2025-581; Date: October 14, 2025).

References

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  5. Cornelius DC. Preeclampsia: from inflammation to immunoregulation. Clin Med Insights Blood Disord. 2018;11:1179545X17752325. doi:10.1177/ 1179545X17752325
  6. Shah DA, Khalil RA. Bioactive factors in uteroplacental and systemic circulation link placental ischemia to vascular dysfunction in hypertensive pregnancy and preeclampsia. Biochem Pharmacol. 2015; 95(4):211-226. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2015.04.012
  7. Silva JM, Costa AM, Tuna C, et al. Eosinopenia as a predictor of infection in patients admitted to an internal medicine ward: a cross-sectional study. Porto Biomed J. 2020;5(6):e084. doi:10.1097/j.pbj. 0000000000000084
  8. Kim HJ, Jung Y. The emerging role of eosinophils as multifunctional leukocytes in health and disease. Immune Netw. 2020;20:e24. doi:10. 4110/in.2020.20.e24

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

February 20, 2026

Submission Date

December 4, 2025

Acceptance Date

January 7, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 7 Number: 1

APA
Çanga, K., Ağaoğlu, R. T., Akbulut, Ö. V., Filiz, A. A., Sümer, D., Akgök, B., Erol, S. A., & Yakut Yücel, K. (2026). The role of eosinophil count and eosinophil-based complete blood cell indices in predicting preeclampsia in the first trimester of pregnancy: a case-control study. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, 7(1), 26-33. https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1836236
AMA
1.Çanga K, Ağaoğlu RT, Akbulut ÖV, et al. The role of eosinophil count and eosinophil-based complete blood cell indices in predicting preeclampsia in the first trimester of pregnancy: a case-control study. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2026;7(1):26-33. doi:10.47582/jompac.1836236
Chicago
Çanga, Kubilay, Recep Taha Ağaoğlu, Özgür Volkan Akbulut, et al. 2026. “The Role of Eosinophil Count and Eosinophil-Based Complete Blood Cell Indices in Predicting Preeclampsia in the First Trimester of Pregnancy: A Case-Control Study”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 7 (1): 26-33. https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1836236.
EndNote
Çanga K, Ağaoğlu RT, Akbulut ÖV, Filiz AA, Sümer D, Akgök B, Erol SA, Yakut Yücel K (February 1, 2026) The role of eosinophil count and eosinophil-based complete blood cell indices in predicting preeclampsia in the first trimester of pregnancy: a case-control study. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 7 1 26–33.
IEEE
[1]K. Çanga et al., “The role of eosinophil count and eosinophil-based complete blood cell indices in predicting preeclampsia in the first trimester of pregnancy: a case-control study”, J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 26–33, Feb. 2026, doi: 10.47582/jompac.1836236.
ISNAD
Çanga, Kubilay - Ağaoğlu, Recep Taha - Akbulut, Özgür Volkan - Filiz, Ahmet Arif - Sümer, Dinçer - Akgök, Betül - Erol, S. Ahmet - Yakut Yücel, Kadriye. “The Role of Eosinophil Count and Eosinophil-Based Complete Blood Cell Indices in Predicting Preeclampsia in the First Trimester of Pregnancy: A Case-Control Study”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 7/1 (February 1, 2026): 26-33. https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1836236.
JAMA
1.Çanga K, Ağaoğlu RT, Akbulut ÖV, Filiz AA, Sümer D, Akgök B, Erol SA, Yakut Yücel K. The role of eosinophil count and eosinophil-based complete blood cell indices in predicting preeclampsia in the first trimester of pregnancy: a case-control study. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2026;7:26–33.
MLA
Çanga, Kubilay, et al. “The Role of Eosinophil Count and Eosinophil-Based Complete Blood Cell Indices in Predicting Preeclampsia in the First Trimester of Pregnancy: A Case-Control Study”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, vol. 7, no. 1, Feb. 2026, pp. 26-33, doi:10.47582/jompac.1836236.
Vancouver
1.Kubilay Çanga, Recep Taha Ağaoğlu, Özgür Volkan Akbulut, Ahmet Arif Filiz, Dinçer Sümer, Betül Akgök, S. Ahmet Erol, Kadriye Yakut Yücel. The role of eosinophil count and eosinophil-based complete blood cell indices in predicting preeclampsia in the first trimester of pregnancy: a case-control study. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2026 Feb. 1;7(1):26-33. doi:10.47582/jompac.1836236

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