Experimental assessment of an elderberry-enriched carboxymethyl chitosan gel in a rat gingival defect model: local and systemic tolerance with histological findings

Bilge Cansu Uzun Saylan; Osman Yılmaz; Aylin Ziylan; Safiye Aktaş; Gizem Baysan; Özde Elif Gökbayrak; Oylum Çolpankan Güneş; Hasan Havıtçıoğlu

doi:10.47582/jompac.1867014

Experimental assessment of an elderberry-enriched carboxymethyl chitosan gel in a rat gingival defect model: local and systemic tolerance with histological findings

Abstract

Aims: The local and systemic effects of an elderberry-enriched carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCht-E) gel formulation were evaluated in an experimental rat gingival defect model. Methods: Twenty-one male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three experimental groups, including a sham group, a CMCht gel group, and a CMCht-E gel group, with seven animals in each group. Standardized gingival defects measuring 3 mm in diameter were surgically created in the mandibular incisor region. Sham defects were irrigated with normal saline only, whereas experimental defects were treated with CMCht or CMCht-E gel. Local tissue responses were evaluated by macroscopic and histological analyses, and systemic effects were assessed using hematological and serum biochemical parameters. Results: Histological analysis revealed a significant intergroup difference in epithelial thickness (p<0.001) and inflammatory cell infiltration (p=0.024). Neutrophil-rich inflammatory infiltrates were predominantly observed in the CMCht group, whereas no inflammatory cells were detected in the CMCht-E group. No significant intergroup differences were found in fibroblast density, vascularization, or collagen fiber distribution (p>0.05). Hematological and biochemical parameters showed no significant intergroup differences (p>0.05). Conclusion: The elderberry-enriched CMCht gel showed favorable histological healing without inflammatory infiltration or systemic adverse effects, supporting its potential as a locally well-tolerated topical biomaterial with anti-inflammatory properties for gingival wound applications.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Dokuz Eylul University

Project Number

The Research Fund of Dokuz Eylul University supported this research (Project Number: 4155, Izmir, Türkiye).

Ethical Statement

The study protocol was approved by the Dokuz Eylul University Animal Experiments Local Ethics Committee (approval number: 34/2025).

Thanks

We thank Dr. Serdar Karakullukçu, M.D., for his assistance with statistical analysis and valuable comments.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Periodontics

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Bilge Cansu Uzun Saylan ^*
0000-0002-4896-3864
Türkiye

Osman Yılmaz
0000-0001-7817-7576
Türkiye

Aylin Ziylan
0000-0003-4137-5696
Türkiye

Safiye Aktaş
0000-0002-7658-5565
Türkiye

Gizem Baysan
0000-0002-3195-9156
Türkiye

Özde Elif Gökbayrak
0000-0002-8765-0641
Türkiye

Oylum Çolpankan Güneş
0000-0002-2440-3256
Türkiye

Hasan Havıtçıoğlu
0000-0001-8169-3539
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 27, 2026

Submission Date

January 19, 2026

Acceptance Date

February 28, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 7 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1867014

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA46KN53EE

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Uzun Saylan, B. C., Yılmaz, O., Ziylan, A., Aktaş, S., Baysan, G., Gökbayrak, Ö. E., Çolpankan Güneş, O., & Havıtçıoğlu, H. (2026). Experimental assessment of an elderberry-enriched carboxymethyl chitosan gel in a rat gingival defect model: local and systemic tolerance with histological findings. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, 7(2), 297-306. https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1867014

AMA

1.Uzun Saylan BC, Yılmaz O, Ziylan A, et al. Experimental assessment of an elderberry-enriched carboxymethyl chitosan gel in a rat gingival defect model: local and systemic tolerance with histological findings. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2026;7(2):297-306. doi:10.47582/jompac.1867014

Chicago

Uzun Saylan, Bilge Cansu, Osman Yılmaz, Aylin Ziylan, et al. 2026. “Experimental Assessment of an Elderberry-Enriched Carboxymethyl Chitosan Gel in a Rat Gingival Defect Model: Local and Systemic Tolerance With Histological Findings”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 7 (2): 297-306. https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1867014.

EndNote

Uzun Saylan BC, Yılmaz O, Ziylan A, Aktaş S, Baysan G, Gökbayrak ÖE, Çolpankan Güneş O, Havıtçıoğlu H (March 1, 2026) Experimental assessment of an elderberry-enriched carboxymethyl chitosan gel in a rat gingival defect model: local and systemic tolerance with histological findings. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 7 2 297–306.

IEEE

[1]B. C. Uzun Saylan et al., “Experimental assessment of an elderberry-enriched carboxymethyl chitosan gel in a rat gingival defect model: local and systemic tolerance with histological findings”, J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 297–306, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.47582/jompac.1867014.

ISNAD

Uzun Saylan, Bilge Cansu - Yılmaz, Osman - Ziylan, Aylin - Aktaş, Safiye - Baysan, Gizem - Gökbayrak, Özde Elif - Çolpankan Güneş, Oylum - Havıtçıoğlu, Hasan. “Experimental Assessment of an Elderberry-Enriched Carboxymethyl Chitosan Gel in a Rat Gingival Defect Model: Local and Systemic Tolerance With Histological Findings”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 7/2 (March 1, 2026): 297-306. https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1867014.

JAMA

1.Uzun Saylan BC, Yılmaz O, Ziylan A, Aktaş S, Baysan G, Gökbayrak ÖE, Çolpankan Güneş O, Havıtçıoğlu H. Experimental assessment of an elderberry-enriched carboxymethyl chitosan gel in a rat gingival defect model: local and systemic tolerance with histological findings. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2026;7:297–306.

MLA

Uzun Saylan, Bilge Cansu, et al. “Experimental Assessment of an Elderberry-Enriched Carboxymethyl Chitosan Gel in a Rat Gingival Defect Model: Local and Systemic Tolerance With Histological Findings”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, vol. 7, no. 2, Mar. 2026, pp. 297-06, doi:10.47582/jompac.1867014.

Vancouver

1.Bilge Cansu Uzun Saylan, Osman Yılmaz, Aylin Ziylan, Safiye Aktaş, Gizem Baysan, Özde Elif Gökbayrak, Oylum Çolpankan Güneş, Hasan Havıtçıoğlu. Experimental assessment of an elderberry-enriched carboxymethyl chitosan gel in a rat gingival defect model: local and systemic tolerance with histological findings. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2026 Mar. 1;7(2):297-306. doi:10.47582/jompac.1867014