Clinical characteristics, triggers, and severity of anaphylaxis in adults: a real-world tertiary care study

Müge Erbay; Aleyna Bektaş Hocek

Clinical characteristics, triggers, and severity of anaphylaxis in adults: a real-world tertiary care study

Abstract

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, etiological distribution, and predictors of severe anaphylaxis in adult patients. Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included adult patients (≥18 years) diagnosed with anaphylaxis between May 2023 and March 2026. Anaphylaxis severity was classified according to national guidelines. Results: A total of 195 patients were included (median age: 44 years; 66.2% female), and 20.5% were aged ≥60 years. Severe anaphylaxis accounted for 53.8% of cases. Drugs were the most common trigger (65.6%), followed by venom (30.8%). Cutaneous symptoms were the most common manifestations, with urticaria observed in 62.6% and pruritus in 53.8% of patients. Hypertension was significantly more common in severe cases (p=0.03), while malignancy was more frequent in non severe cases (p=0.02). Antibiotics, local anesthetics, and general anesthetics were associated with severe reactions. In univariable analysis, increasing age (OR: 1.02), antibiotic-induced anaphylaxis (OR: 2.27), and hypertension (OR: 2.19) were associated with severe anaphylaxis, whereas malignancy was inversely associated (OR: 0.33). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, none of the variables were independently associated with severe anaphylaxis. Epinephrine was administered in 62.4% of patients. Conclusion: Drug-induced anaphylaxis is the predominant trigger in adults. Older age, hypertension, and antibiotic-induced reactions were more common among patients with severe anaphylaxis in unadjusted analyses; however, no independent predictors of severe anaphylaxis were identified. Despite guideline recommendations, epinephrine use remains suboptimal, highlighting the need for improved adherence to acute management protocols.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

This study has been approved by the Clinical Researches Ethics Committee of the XXX University Medical Faculty (Date: 06.04.2026, Decision No: 28).

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Allergy

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Müge Erbay ^*
0000-0003-3948-7007
Türkiye

Aleyna Bektaş Hocek This is me
0009-0003-2289-0585
Türkiye

Publication Date

June 25, 2026

Submission Date

April 29, 2026

Acceptance Date

June 20, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 7 Number: 3

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA38YG87AS

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Erbay, M., & Bektaş Hocek, A. (2026). Clinical characteristics, triggers, and severity of anaphylaxis in adults: a real-world tertiary care study. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, 7(3), 615-620. https://izlik.org/JA38YG87AS

AMA

1.Erbay M, Bektaş Hocek A. Clinical characteristics, triggers, and severity of anaphylaxis in adults: a real-world tertiary care study. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2026;7(3):615-620. https://izlik.org/JA38YG87AS

Chicago

Erbay, Müge, and Aleyna Bektaş Hocek. 2026. “Clinical Characteristics, Triggers, and Severity of Anaphylaxis in Adults: A Real-World Tertiary Care Study”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 7 (3): 615-20. https://izlik.org/JA38YG87AS.

EndNote

Erbay M, Bektaş Hocek A (June 1, 2026) Clinical characteristics, triggers, and severity of anaphylaxis in adults: a real-world tertiary care study. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 7 3 615–620.

IEEE

[1]M. Erbay and A. Bektaş Hocek, “Clinical characteristics, triggers, and severity of anaphylaxis in adults: a real-world tertiary care study”, J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 615–620, June 2026, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA38YG87AS

ISNAD

Erbay, Müge - Bektaş Hocek, Aleyna. “Clinical Characteristics, Triggers, and Severity of Anaphylaxis in Adults: A Real-World Tertiary Care Study”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 7/3 (June 1, 2026): 615-620. https://izlik.org/JA38YG87AS.

JAMA

1.Erbay M, Bektaş Hocek A. Clinical characteristics, triggers, and severity of anaphylaxis in adults: a real-world tertiary care study. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2026;7:615–620.

MLA

Erbay, Müge, and Aleyna Bektaş Hocek. “Clinical Characteristics, Triggers, and Severity of Anaphylaxis in Adults: A Real-World Tertiary Care Study”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, vol. 7, no. 3, June 2026, pp. 615-20, https://izlik.org/JA38YG87AS.

Vancouver

1.Müge Erbay, Aleyna Bektaş Hocek. Clinical characteristics, triggers, and severity of anaphylaxis in adults: a real-world tertiary care study. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac [Internet]. 2026 Jun. 1;7(3):615-20. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA38YG87AS