Clinical, biochemical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics of large and giant sellar masses: a single-centre study

Ekin Yiğit Köroğlu; Muhammed Saçıkara; Didem Özdemir; Narin Nasıroğlu İmga; Oya Topaloğlu; Reyhan Ersoy; Bekir Çakır

Clinical, biochemical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics of large and giant sellar masses: a single-centre study

Abstract

Aims: Large and giant sellar masses are uncommon but clinically important lesions. We aimed to describe the clinical, biochemical, radiological, and histopathological features of patients with a sellar mass ≥30 mm and to examine differences by gender and age. Methods: In this single-centre, retrospective study, we screened 5,142 contrast-enhanced pituitary magnetic resonance imaging reports belonging to 3,414 patients evaluated between December 2021 and December 2024. Patients aged ≥18 years with a sellar mass ≥30 mm in maximum diameter were included. Clinical, biochemical, radiological, and histopathological data were collected and analysed. Results: Seventy-two patients were included (40 male, 32 female; mean age 55.4±14.4 years). The median maximum diameter was 34.0 (30.0-55.0) mm. Optic chiasm compression (81.9%), cavernous sinus invasion (79.2%), and sphenoid sinus invasion (54.2%) were frequent. Half of the patients (50.0%) had at least one anterior pituitary hormone deficiency, and 22.2% had panhypopituitarism. Thirteen tumours (18.1%) were functioning, most often causing acromegaly. Pituitary adenoma was the dominant histopathological diagnosis (90.3%), and gonadotroph adenomas predominated (69.6%). Male had larger tumours than female, by both maximum diameter (38.0 vs 34.0 mm; p=0.007) and volume (14.3 vs 10.5 cm³; p=0.002). Functioning tumours were more common in younger patients (p=0.024), whereas sphenoid sinus invasion was more frequent with advancing age (p=0.002). Conclusion: Large and giant sellar masses are usually invasive, compress the optic chiasm, and are accompanied by hypopituitarism in half. Most are non-functioning gonadotroph adenomas. Male present with larger tumors, and functioning tumors cluster in younger patients. These findings support a thorough hormonal and radiological work-up at diagnosis.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

None.

Ethical Statement

The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. It was approved by the Ankara Bilkent City Hospital ethics commitee (Date: 22.01.2025, No: 2-25-836).

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Endocrinology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Ekin Yiğit Köroğlu ^*
0000-0003-3895-5817
Türkiye

Muhammed Saçıkara
0000-0002-1689-338X
Türkiye

Didem Özdemir
0000-0001-7826-9059
Türkiye

Narin Nasıroğlu İmga
0000-0001-8013-230X
Türkiye

Oya Topaloğlu
0000-0003-2501-935X
Türkiye

Reyhan Ersoy
0000-0002-7437-1176
Türkiye

Bekir Çakır
0000-0001-7526-8827
Türkiye

Publication Date

August 15, 2026

Submission Date

June 22, 2026

Acceptance Date

July 19, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 7 Number: 4

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA32EX52TF

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Köroğlu, E. Y., Saçıkara, M., Özdemir, D., Nasıroğlu İmga, N., Topaloğlu, O., Ersoy, R., & Çakır, B. (2026). Clinical, biochemical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics of large and giant sellar masses: a single-centre study. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, 7(4), 772-776. https://izlik.org/JA32EX52TF

AMA

1.Köroğlu EY, Saçıkara M, Özdemir D, et al. Clinical, biochemical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics of large and giant sellar masses: a single-centre study. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2026;7(4):772-776. https://izlik.org/JA32EX52TF

Chicago

Köroğlu, Ekin Yiğit, Muhammed Saçıkara, Didem Özdemir, et al. 2026. “Clinical, Biochemical, Radiological, and Histopathological Characteristics of Large and Giant Sellar Masses: A Single-Centre Study”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 7 (4): 772-76. https://izlik.org/JA32EX52TF.

EndNote

Köroğlu EY, Saçıkara M, Özdemir D, Nasıroğlu İmga N, Topaloğlu O, Ersoy R, Çakır B (August 1, 2026) Clinical, biochemical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics of large and giant sellar masses: a single-centre study. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 7 4 772–776.

IEEE

[1]E. Y. Köroğlu et al., “Clinical, biochemical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics of large and giant sellar masses: a single-centre study”, J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 772–776, Aug. 2026, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA32EX52TF

ISNAD

Köroğlu, Ekin Yiğit - Saçıkara, Muhammed - Özdemir, Didem - Nasıroğlu İmga, Narin - Topaloğlu, Oya - Ersoy, Reyhan - Çakır, Bekir. “Clinical, Biochemical, Radiological, and Histopathological Characteristics of Large and Giant Sellar Masses: A Single-Centre Study”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care 7/4 (August 1, 2026): 772-776. https://izlik.org/JA32EX52TF.

JAMA

1.Köroğlu EY, Saçıkara M, Özdemir D, Nasıroğlu İmga N, Topaloğlu O, Ersoy R, Çakır B. Clinical, biochemical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics of large and giant sellar masses: a single-centre study. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac. 2026;7:772–776.

MLA

Köroğlu, Ekin Yiğit, et al. “Clinical, Biochemical, Radiological, and Histopathological Characteristics of Large and Giant Sellar Masses: A Single-Centre Study”. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, vol. 7, no. 4, Aug. 2026, pp. 772-6, https://izlik.org/JA32EX52TF.

Vancouver

1.Ekin Yiğit Köroğlu, Muhammed Saçıkara, Didem Özdemir, Narin Nasıroğlu İmga, Oya Topaloğlu, Reyhan Ersoy, Bekir Çakır. Clinical, biochemical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics of large and giant sellar masses: a single-centre study. J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac [Internet]. 2026 Aug. 1;7(4):772-6. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA32EX52TF