Clinical reflections of the glymphatic system and neurodegenerative diseases

Year 2025, , 16 - 22, 30.04.2025

Zümrüt Doğan , Seda Cetın

https://doi.org/10.58651/jomtu.1675339

Abstract

Objective: The brain is one of the main elements of the central nervous system and is protected within the bone structure formed by the skull bones. The nervous system and endocrine system play a fundamental role in maintaining brain homeostasis. The brain; How are the wastes that occur as a result of these biochemical events eliminated when it has such basic and important tasks? Until 2012, it was thought that there was no lymphatic system in the brain. Our aim with this literature review is to make it easier to find answers to these questions.

Materials and Methods: For this review research, the existing literature was systematically reviewed in terms of the glymphatic system.

Results: The glymphatic system is the brain’s waste clearance mechanism. Many anatomical structures are involved in the glymphatic system. Astrocytes and aquaporin-4 channels were the most notable of these.

Conclusions: The glymphatic system is a waste clearing mechanism in the brain that has many important function mechanisms. Although it has been the subject of current research with human and animal experiments in recent years, it is still an area that preserves its mystery. Although it has been the subject of current research with human and animal experiments in recent years, it is still an area that remains mysterious. Disruption of this system is closely associated with neurodegenerative diseases. We believe that this system, which plays a vital role in brain health, should be the subject of more scientific research to clarify its functioning mechanism.

Keywords

Brain, Lymphatic System, Neurodegenerative diseases, Neuroanatomy

Glimfatik sistemin ve nörodejeneratif hastalıkların klinik yansımaları

Abstract

Amaç: Beyin, merkezi sinir sisteminin ana unsurlarından biri olup kafatası kemiklerinin oluşturduğu kemik yapısı içerisinde korunmaktadır. Ayrıca özel bir zar sistemi ve seçici geçirgen bir kan bariyeri de bulunmaktadır. Peki her madde beyne rastgele giremiyorsa atık maddeler beyinden nasıl uzaklaştırılıyor? 2012 yılına kadar beyinde lenf sistemi olmadığı düşünülüyordu. İnsan vücudu bir makine gibi düzenli bir sistemle çalışır ve buna vücudun homeostazisi denir. Sinir sistemi ve endokrin sistemi bu dengeyi sağlamada temel bir rol oynar. Sinir sisteminin ana unsurlarından biri olan beyin; bu kadar temel ve önemli görevleri varken, bu biyokimyasal olaylar sonucu oluşan atıklar nasıl uzaklaştırılıyor? Bu literatür incelemesiyle amacımız bu sorulara daha kolay cevap bulmanızı sağlamaktır.

Materyal ve Metot: Bu derleme araştırması için mevcut literatür glimfatik sistem açısından sistematik olarak tarandı.

Bulgular: Glimfatik sistem beynin atık temizleme mekanizmasıdır. Glimfatik sistemde birçok anatomik yapı yer alır. Astrositler ve aquaporin-4 kanalları bunların en dikkat çekenleriydi.

Sonuç: Glimfatik sistem beyinde atık temizleme mekanizması olup birçok önemli fonksiyon mekanizmasına sahiptir. Her ne kadar son yıllarda insan ve hayvan deneyleri ile güncel araştırmalara konu olsa da hala gizemini koruyan bir alandır. Bu sistemin bozulması nörodejeneratif hastalıklarla yakın ilişkilidir. Beyin sağlığı açısından hayati rol oynayan bu sistemin, işleyiş mekanizmasını netleştirmek için daha fazla bilimsel araştırmaya konu olması gerektiği düşüncesindeyiz.

Keywords

Beyin, Lenfatik sistem, Nörodejeneratif hastalıklar, Nöroanatomi

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