ÜZÜMCÜ ÇAYI (BALIKESİR) FİTOPLANKTON EKOLOJİSİ

Year 2022, , 57 - 64, 31.07.2022

Kemal Çelik

https://doi.org/10.55930/jonas.1107781

Abstract

Akarsu ve durgun su kaynaklarının su kalitesinin belirlemesinde algler büyük önem arz ederler. Üzümcü Çayı’nın fitoplankton ekolojisini incelemek amacıyla ilkbahar (Nisan), yaz (Haziran) ve son bahar (Ekim) 2020 dönemlerinde 2 istasyonda örnekleme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan bu araştırmada, Bacillariophyta grubundan 28, Chlorophyta grubundan 11, Cyanobacteria grubundan 6 ve Euglenophyta grubundan 2 olmak üzere toplamda 47 planktonik alg türü tespit edilmiştir. Planktonik alg türlerinin %59’unu Bacillariophyta grubu, %23’ünü Chlorophyta grubu, %12’sini Cyanobacteria grubu ve %4’ünü Euglenophyta grubu oluşturmuştur. Üzümcü Çayında, Bacillariophyta grubundan Aulacoseira granulata (Ehrenberg) Simonsen, Cymbella affinis Kütz., Nitzschia sigmoidea (Nitzsch) W. Smith ve Pinnularia major (Kützing) Rabenh, Chlorophyta grubunda Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turpin) Breb., Tetraedron minimum (A. Braun) Hansgirg ve Pediastrum simplex Meyen Lemm., Cyanobacteria grubundan Oscillatoria subtilissima Kützing ve Euglenophta grubundan Trachelomonas hispida (Perty) baskın olarak tespit edilmişlerdir. CCA analizi, Bacillariophyta grubundan, A.granulata NO3 ile, C. affinis TP ile, N.sigmoidea ve P. major TN ve PO4 ile, Chlorophyta grubunda S. quadricauda, T. minimum ve P. simplex pH ile, Cyanobacteria grubundan O. subtilissima ve Euglenophta grubundan T. hispida çözünmüş oksijen ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Su sıcaklığı 13°C ile 24°C, çözünmüş oksijen 3.35 mgl-1 ile 8.1 mgl-1, pH 6.85 ile 7.94, elektriksel iletkenlik 1456 μScm-1 ile 1661 μScm-1, nitrat azotu (NO3) 0.45 mgl-1 ile 0.87 mgl-1, toplam azot (TN) mgl-1 1.91 ile 5.95 mgl-1, fosfat (PO4) 0.07 mgl-1 ile 0.09 mgl-1 ve toplam fosfor (TP) 0.07 mgl-1 ile 0.18 mgl-1 aralıklarında ölçülmüşlerdir. Tespit edilen değerler, Su Kirliliği Kontrolü Yönetmeliği kriterleri ışığında değerlendirildiğinde, Üzümcü Çayı’nın IV. sınıf su kalitesinde olduğunu görülmüştür. Üzümcü Çayı’nda tespit edilen baskın planktonik alg türleri daha çok ötrofik karakterli su kütlelerinde dağılım göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla, Üzümcü Çayı, biyolojik su kalitesi ögelerine göre ötrof bir akarsudur. Üzümcü Çayı’nın korunması için özelde Üzümcü Çayı etrafında genelde is havza bazında ekolojik tarıma öncelik verilmeli, evsel ve endüstriyel atık suların iyice arıtıldıktan sonra dereye verilmesi önerilir.

Keywords

Fitoplankton, ötrofikasyon, Üzümcü Çayı, su kalitesi

Supporting Institution

Yok

Project Number

Yok

Thanks

Yok

THE PHYTOPLANKTON ECOLOGY OF ÜZÜMCÜ STREAM (BALIKESİR)

Abstract

Algae are of great importance in determining the water quality of streams and stagnant water sources. In order to examine the phytoplankton ecology of the Üzümcü Stream, sampling was carried out at 2 stations in the spring (April), summer (June) and autumn (October) 2020 periods. In this study, a total of 47 planktonic algal species were identified, 28 from the Bacillariophyta group, 11 from the Chlorophyta group, 6 from the Cyanobacteria group and 2 from the Euglenophyta group. Bacillariophyta group constituted 59%, Chlorophyta group 23%, Cyanobacteria group 12% and Euglenophyta group 4% of planktonic algal species. In Üzümcü Stream, Aulacoseira granulata (Ehrenberg) Simonsen, Cymbella affinis Kütz., Nitzschia sigmoidea (Nitzsch) W. Smith and Pinnularia major (Kützing) Rabenh from the Bacillariophyta group, Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turpin) Brab. Hansgirg and Pediastrum simplex Meyen Lemm., Oscillatoria subtilissima Kützing from the Cyanobacteria group, and Trachelomonas hispida (Perty) from the Euglenophta group were predominantly detected. CCA showed that the diatoms, A.granulata correlated with NO3, C. affinis with TP, N. sigmoidea and P. major with TN and PO4. The green algae, S. quadricauda, T. minimum and P. simplex were correlated with pH. The cyabobacterium, O. subtilissima and Euglenophta, T. hispida were correlated with dissolved oxygen. Water temperature ranged from 13°C to 24°C, dissolved oxygen from 3.35 mgl-1 to 8.1 mgl-1, pH from 6.85 to 7.94, electrical conductivity from 1456 μScm-1 to 1661 μScm-1, nitrate nitrogen (NO3) from 0.45 mgl-1 to 0.87 mgl-1, total nitrogen (TN) from mgl-1 1.91 to 5.95 mgl-1, phosphate (PO4) from 0.07 mgl-1 to 0.09 mgl-1 and total phosphorus (TP) from 0.07 mgl-1 to 0.18 mgl-1. When the measured values are evaluated in the light of the Water Pollution Control Regulation criteria, Üzümcü Stream had the IV. class water quality. The dominant planktonic algal species detected in Üzümcü Stream are mostly distributed in water bodies with eutrophic character. Therefore, Üzümcü Stream is an eutrophic stream based on biological water quality elements. For the protection of Üzümcü Stream, priority should be given to ecological agriculture, especially around the Üzümcü Stream, and it is recommended that the domestic and industrial waste water be thoroughly treated before discharged to the stream.

Keywords

Eutrophication, phytoplankton, Üzümcü Stream, water quality

Project Number

Yok

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