AN INVASIVE WETLAND PLANT EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES (MART.) SOLMS TRANSITED TO TURKEY IN TERMS OF ITS RISKS AND ECONOMIC USAGES

Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 128 - 137, 31.12.2018

Muhip Hilooğlu Emel Sözen

Abstract

Eichhornia
crassipes
(Mart.) Solms (Pontederiaceae) is a perennial aquatic invasive weed throughout
the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. This weed (water hyacinth) can invade lakes, rivers, ponds, lagoons and
freshwaters.  Because of high reproducibility and
adaptability to various environment, water hyacinth rapidly occupies new
habitats and causes serious
environmental problems. For these reasons, numerous management
strategies such as chemical, biological and physical are used to control the
plant in aquatic environment. However,
there are ongoing research to determine its value and economic exploitation
strategies. It has been found that E.
crassipes could be used as a renewable energy resource for production of
bioenergy, paper, fertilizer, animal fodder and phytoremediation-wastewater
treatment. In recent years, water hyacinth has been observed and
identified from Asi River, Hatay. Since then, the species has
established itself tremendously becoming the most dominant floating plant
species in the river. There is no certain and detailed information about water hyacinth in
our country.
Due to this alien plant is considered as a pest due to its invasive
characteristics it poses a various risks for ecosystem, Amik lowland
agriculture, aquatic organisms and public health. In this way,
further studies designed for the management strategies of water hyacinth in Asi River
from several regional or local authorities would be beneficial to reveal its
risks and aconomic usages in detail. The appreciations of this review also
provide valuable data to be used in management strategies against this invasive
aquatic plant species posing potential risks for ecosystem. In addition, the
cleaned water hyacinth samples with long or short term management programs like drainage basin of Asi
River, mechanized barges and dredges can be considered as raw material for the
production of biogas, fodder, organic fertilizer, medicine, paper
and furniture.
Hereby, the overall assesments in this review
presents a general information about invasive wetland plant E. crassipes recently transited to Turkey both its
possible management strategies and important economic usages.

Keywords

Eichhornia crassipes, Asi River, invasive plant, management strategies, Turkey

RİSKLERİ VE EKONOMİK KULLANIMLARI AÇISINDAN TÜRKİYE’YE GEÇİŞ YAPAN İSTİLACI SULAK ALAN BİTKİSİ EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES (MART.) SOLMS

Abstract

Eichhornia
crassipes (Mart.) Solms (Pontederiaceae) dünyanın tropikal ve
sub-tropikal bölgelerinde istilacı bir sulak alan bitkisidir. Bu bitki, gölleri,
tatlı suları ve nehirleri istila ederek ciddi çevresel sorunlara sebep
olmaktadır. Bu nedenle, çeşitli yönetim stratejileri sulak alanlarda bu
bitkinin kontrolünde kullanılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte,  bu bitkinin ekonomik kullanım stratejileri ve
değeri hakkında devam eden araştırmalar da vardır. E. crassipes’in biyoenerji, kağıt, gübre, hayvan yemi üretimi ve
atıksu arıtımında yenilenebilir bir enerji kaynağı olarak kullanılabileceği
tespit edilmiştir. Son yıllarda, E.
crassipes Asi Nehri’nde (Hatay) tespit edilmiştir. Bu derlemede, E. crassipes için Türkiye’de
hem mücadelede etkili olabilecek hem de ekonomik açıdan önemi olan kullanımları
hakkında bilgiler verilmektedir.

Keywords

Asi Nehri, Eichhornia crassipes, istilacı bitki, mücadele stratejileri, Türkiye

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