INVESTIGATION OF SAFETY MECHANISMS IN THE MORTAR FUZES

Year 2019, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 120 - 128, 31.12.2019

Serhad Yıldız , Zühtü Onur Pehlivanlı

Abstract

In
the international arena, the defense industry, which is one of the main factors
determining the economic and political power of the countries, is constantly in
need of change, innovation and modernization in parallel with the technological
developments in the world. Our country, which is open to multi-faceted threats
in terms of its geopolitical and geostrategic position, must reach a military
power with the ability and ability to support the national security policy and
develop its military power in accordance with the requirements of the era. In
line with this importance and purpose, the reduction and increases in time,
spin and distance are of great importance when the arming time and spin of the
safety arming mechanisms used in military-critical rifle and smoothbore
ammunition fuzes are fully determined and necessary. The
subsystems of the fuzes, which are used in ammunition of large and medium caliber,
which are called as the first firing system of ammunition; dynamic movements in
the internal mechanisms of the fuzes, which provide the critical balance
between safety and functionality, are investigated. These dynamic movements are
the resultant function of the inertia forces of the ammunition at the time of
the firing and the centrifugal forces that the barrel's groove sets impart to
the ammunition. The output of this dynamic movement is a safety parameter which
is called as front of barrel safety in ammunition, which ensures that the
weapon system and personnel remain safe in all kinds of negative scenarios
during shooting. In this article, the effects of the geometries of the gearing
systems on the safety parameters on the fuzes are discussed.
The pallet-wheel pair used in mechanical fuzes; They slow down the movement of
the gear system, delaying the detonator on the rotor to come under the firing
pin, thereby extending the safety distance to the front of the barrel. The
motion wheel and the pallet pair dampen the effects of high rotation and
inertial forces and act as brakes.  In this
study, the effects of contact points of the pallet and the escape wheel to the
arming time that affects muzzle safety distance were investigated.  Pallet and the escape wheel are situated in
the fuze safety and arming device that provides the security of the armed
forces personnel and their equipment by preventing the function of the fuze
from stockpile to safety seperation sequence. In this experimental study, different
radius were applied to the pallet contact points in the smoothbore mortar fuzes
in order to investigate arming time differencies. As
a result of this study, it has become a guide for the revisions to be made on pallet
and wheel pair which are crititic in terms of installation time and front
barrel safety in our existing mechanical impact mortar fuzes and new fuze
designs. Integrating the revisions to the safety arming mechanism will be of
great importance in terms of safety and security. As a result of the studies,
it has been observed that as the contact point radius of the pallet increases,
the installation time decreases inversely, ie the safety distance of the front
of the barrel decreases. The determination of the net determination of the
duration of the establishment and, where necessary, the shortening of time and
distance are of great importance. As result, it was concluded that the increase
in the contact radius of the pallet reduces the arming time, which led the
muzzle safety distance to decrease. In addition, this work
is of great importance in order to prevent any fatal and wounded accident of
Turkish Armed Forces and Security Forces with mortar ammunition.

Keywords

Fuzes, Safety And Arming Device, Pallet, Rotor, Escape Wheel

HAVAN MÜHİMMATI TAPALARINDA EMNİYET MEKANİZMALARININ İNCELENMESİ

Abstract

Büyük
ve orta kalibreli mühimmatlarda kullanılan ve mühimmatın ilk ateşleme sistemi
olarak adlandırılan tapaların alt sistemleri ele alınarak; emniyet ve
fonksiyonellik arasındaki kritik dengeyi sağlayan tapaların iç
mekanizmalarındaki dinamik hareketler incelenmiştir. Bu dinamik hareketler
mühimmatın atış anında oluşan atalet kuvvetleri ve namlunun yiv setlerinin
mühimmata kazandırdığı merkezkaç kuvvetlerinin bileşke fonksiyonudur. Bu
dinamik hareketin çıktısı mühimmatlarda namlu önü emniyeti olarak adlandırılan,
silah sistemi ve personeli atış esnasında her türlü olumsuz senaryolarda
güvende kalmasını sağlayan bir emniyet parametresidir. Bu makalede tapaların
içerisinde bulunan dişli çark sistemlerinin geometrilerinin bu emniyet
parametrelerine ne düzeyde ve nasıl etki ettiklerinin çalışmaları yer
almaktadır. Bu
çalışmada, pandül ve çark ikilisinin birlikte çalıştığı temas noktalarının,
kurulma süresine yani namlu önü emniyet mesafesine olan etkileri
araştırılmıştır. Pandül ve çark ikilisi,  
depolamadan güvenli atış yapılıncaya kadar geçen sürede, tapanın
fonksiyon yapmasını engelleyerek silahlı kuvvetler personelinin ve
donanımlarının güvenliğini sağlayan, güvenlik ve kurma mekanizması içerisinde
yer almaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışmada, dönüsüz (kuyruk dengeli) havan
tapasındaki pandülün temas noktalarına farklı radiuslar verilerek kurulma
süreleri incelenmiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda pandülün temas nokta radius
artışının kurulma süresini azalttığı, yani namlu önü emniyet mesafesini düşürdüğü
sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

Tapa, Güvenlik ve Kurma Mekanizması, Pandül, Rotor, Hareket çarkı

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