Evde bakım gören yaşlı hastaların nütrisyonel durumları ile depresyon düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Depresyon ve malnütrisyon yaygın görülen geriatrik sendromlardandır. Bu çalışmanın amacı evde bakım gören yaşlı hastalarda malnütrisyon ve depresyon sıklığını belirleyip, malnütrisyon ve depresyon arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. 

Yöntemler: Kesitsel olarak planlanan çalışmada Malatya devlet hastanesine bağlı evde sağlık hizmetlerinden yararlanan 86 yaşlı hasta dış konsültasyonla değerlendirildi. Hastaların nütrisyonel durumları Mini Nütrisyonel Değerlendirme testi (MNA) depresyon düzeyleri Geriatrik Depresyon Ölçeği (GDS) ile, fonksiyonel durumları KATZ’ın Günlük Yaşam Aktiviteleri indeksi aracılığıyla değerlendirildi. 

Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamındaki 86 hastanın, 27’si kadın, 59’u erkekti. Hastaların nütrisyonel durumları incelendiğinde %12,8’inin normal, %50,0'sinin malnütrisyon riski altında ve %37,2'sinde ise malnütrisyon olduğu tespit edildi. Bu çalışmada, GDS'ye göre katılımcıların %79,1'inde depresyon saptanmıştır. Depresyon tanısı alan grubun MNA skorları, el kavrama gücü, folikasit seviyeleri depresyon tanısı almayan gruba göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşüktü (sırasıyla, P<0,001, P=0,03, P=0,04). 

Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, rutin tarama malnütrisyonun erken teşhisi ve tedavisi için beslenme bozukluklarına ek olarak depresyon belirtileri olabilir, daha geniş örnekleme grubu ile çalışılması önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Malnütrisyon,Depresyon,Evde bakım

Investigation of the relationship between depression and nutritional status of elderly patients in home care

Abstract

Aim: Malnutrition and depression are common geriatric disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and depression in the elderly, as well as assess the association between depression and malnutrition. 

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 86 elderly patients in the external consultation unit of a public specialty hospital in Malatya. Nutritional status was classified by the Mini Nutrition Assessment (MNA). Depression was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Functional autonomy indicators were obtained by Katz Index. 

Results: A total of 86 patients, 27 females and 59 males, were included in this study.  Among them, 12.8% were classified as in adequate nutritional status, 50.0% were classified as being at risk of malnutrition and 37.2% as malnourished. In this study, depression rate was determined as 79.1% according to the GDS. MNA scores, hand grip strength and folic acid levels of the group diagnosed with depression were statistically significantly lower (p˂0.001, P=0.03, P=0.04, respectively). 

Conclusion: We suggest routine screening of depression symptoms in addition to the nutritional disorders for the early diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition and depression, however, further studies including more patients are needed.

Keywords

• Depression,Malnutrition,Home care

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