Research Article
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Pitanguy ligamenti gerçek bir ligament midir? Bir prospektif kohort çalışma

Year 2020, Volume: 4 Issue: 4, 251 - 254, 01.04.2020
https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.711748

Abstract

Amaç: Fasiyal bölgede yüzeysel musküloaponörotik sistem (SMAS) adı verilen bir yapı olması nedeniyle, fasiyal bölgenin anatomik yapısında diğer vücut bölgelerinden farklılıkları vardır. Bu yapılar arasında en çok tartışılanı dermokartilajinöz ligamenttir (DCL). Bu ligamentin farklı bir ligament olduğunu düşünenlerin yanı sıra SMAS’ın devamlılığı olduğunu iddia eden bazı araştırmacılar da vardır. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız, Pitanguy’un ligamenti olarak bilinen DCL’nin histopatolojik bulgulardan sonra gerçek bir ligament olup olmadığını ortaya koymaktır.
Yöntemler: Burun tıkanıklığı ve deformite şikâyeti olan 52 hastanın hepsine açık teknik rinoplasti operasyonu uygulandı. Tüm hastalarda operasyon sırasında DCL olduğu düşünülen dokulardan histopatolojik inceleme için örnekler alındı. Histopatolojik incelemeler patologlar tarafından yapıldı.
Bulgular: Operasyon sırasında izlenen gross bulgularda 52 hastanın çoğunda bunun orta kesiminde DCL olduğu düşünülen beyaz dens fibrozis görüldü. Bir hastanın histopatolojik sonucunda vaskülarize fibromusküler doku fragmanları tespit edilmiş olup diğer hastaların spesmenlerinde ödemli bağ doku elemanları görülmüştür.
Sonuç: Elde ettiğimiz sonuçlara göre ve literatür ile karşılaştırıldığında gross bulgularda intermediyal krural alanda fibröz doku komponentlerinin varlığı DCL’nin gerçek bir ligament olduğunu gösterse de histopatolojik sonuçlarımızda düzenli sıkı bağ dokusu elemanlarının olmaması daha ileri histolojik çalışmaların yapılması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca açık teknik rinoplastilerde doğal ve fonksiyonel burunlar elde edebilmek için DCL’in korunması gerektiğine inanmaktayız.

References

  • 1. Letourneau A, Daniel RK. The superficial musculoaponeurotic system of the nose. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1988;82(1):48-57.
  • 2. Smith O, Goodman W. Open rhinoplasty: its past and future. The Journal of Otolaryngology. 1993;22(1):21-5.
  • 3. Bruintjes TD, van Olphen AF, Hillen B, Weijs WA, T. Electromyography of the human nasal muscles. European Archives of Oto-rhino-laryngology. 1996;253(8):464-9.
  • 4. Pitanguy I. Surgical importance of a dermocartilaginous ligament in bulbous noses. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1965;36(2):247-53.
  • 5. Saban Y, Andretto Amodeo C, Hammou JC, Polselli R. An anatomical study of the nasal superficial musculoaponeurotic system: surgical applications in rhinoplasty. Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery. 2008;10(2):109-15. doi: 10.1001/archfaci.10.2.109.
  • 6. Cakir B, Oreroğlu AR, Doğan T, Akan M. A complete subperichondrial dissection technique for rhinoplasty with management of the nasal ligaments. Aesthetic Surgery Journal. 2012.;32(5):564-74. doi: 10.1177/1090820X12445471.
  • 7. Han SK, Lee DG, Kim JB, Kim WK. An anatomic study of nasal tip supporting structures. Ann Plast Surg. 2004;52(2):134-9.
  • 8. Bruintjes TD, van Olphen AF, Hillen B, Huizing EH. A functional anatomic study of the relationship of the nasal cartilages and muscles to the nasal valve area. The Laryngoscope. 1998;108(7):1025-32.
  • 9. Krause CJ, Pastorek N. Aesthetic Facial Surgery. 1st Ed. 1991; Philadelphia, Lippincott.
  • 10. Clark MP1, Greenfield B, Hunt N, Hall-Craggs M, McGrouther DA. Function of the nasal muscles in normal subjects assessed by dynamic MRI and EMG: its relevance to rhinoplasty surgery. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1998;101(7):1945-55.
  • 11. Stoddard DG, Pallanch JF, Hamilton GS. The effect of vibrissae on subjective and objective measures of nasal obstruction. American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy. 2015;29(5):373-7. doi: 10.2500/ajra.2015.29.4209.
  • 12. Figallo EE, Acosta JA. Nose muscular dynamics: the tip trigonum. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2001;108(5):1118-26. Doi: 10.1097/00006534-200110000-00003.
  • 13. Pitanguy I, Salgado F, Radwanski HN, Bushkin SC. The surgical importance of the dermocartilaginous ligament of the nose. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1995;95(5):790-794.
  • 14. Pitanguy I. Revisiting the dermocartilaginous ligament. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2001;107(1):264-66.
  • 15. Hwang K, Kim DJ, Hwang G. Relationship between depressor septi nasi muscle and dermocartilagenous ligament; anatomic study and clinical application. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery. 2006;17(2):286-90.
  • 16. Junqueira L, Carneiro J. Basic histology: text & atlas. McGraw-Hill Professional; 2005.
  • 17. Britannica. T.E.O.E. Ligament. 25.04.2019-10.10.2019. https://www.britannica.com/science/ligament.
  • 18. Han S-K. Anatomy of the Dermocartilaginous Ligament of the Nose, in Advanced Aesthetic Rhinoplasty. Springer. 2013. pp. 25-32.
  • 19. Park DJ, Han SK, Jeong SH, Kim WK. Anatomy of Pitanguy's Dermocartilaginous Ligament. J Korean Soc Plast Reconstr Surg. 2007;34(2):176-80.
  • 20. Letourneau A, Daniel RK. The superficial musculoaponeurotic system of the nose. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1988;82(1):48-57.

Is Pitanguy’s ligament a true ligament? A prospective cohort study

Year 2020, Volume: 4 Issue: 4, 251 - 254, 01.04.2020
https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.711748

Abstract

Aim: Facial region anatomically differs from other parts of the body by various structures it contains, for example, the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS). Among these structures, the most discussed is the dermocartilaginous ligament (DCL). There are some researchers who claim that this ligament is the continuity of the SMAS as well as those who consider it to be a separate ligament. Our aim is to determine whether the DCL, known as Pitanguy’s ligament, is a true ligament based on histopathologic findings.
Methods: Open technique rhinoplasty was performed to all 52 patients with nasal obstruction and deformity complaints. During the operation, specimens were excised from the tissues thought to be the DCL in all patients for histopathological examination, which was performed by pathologists.
Results: Gross findings during the operation revealed that in most of the 52 patients, white dense fibrotic tissue, considered the DCL, was observed in the middle part of the nose. During histopathological examination, vascularized fibromuscular tissue fragments were observed in one patient and edematous connective tissue components were seen in the others.
Conclusion: Based on our results and literature research, the presence of fibrous tissue components in the intermedial crural area demonstrates that the DCL is a true ligament, but the absence of regular dense fibrous tissue components in our histopathologic findings requires further histological studies. In addition, we believe that DCL should be preserved to obtain natural and functional noses in open technic rhinoplasties.

References

  • 1. Letourneau A, Daniel RK. The superficial musculoaponeurotic system of the nose. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1988;82(1):48-57.
  • 2. Smith O, Goodman W. Open rhinoplasty: its past and future. The Journal of Otolaryngology. 1993;22(1):21-5.
  • 3. Bruintjes TD, van Olphen AF, Hillen B, Weijs WA, T. Electromyography of the human nasal muscles. European Archives of Oto-rhino-laryngology. 1996;253(8):464-9.
  • 4. Pitanguy I. Surgical importance of a dermocartilaginous ligament in bulbous noses. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1965;36(2):247-53.
  • 5. Saban Y, Andretto Amodeo C, Hammou JC, Polselli R. An anatomical study of the nasal superficial musculoaponeurotic system: surgical applications in rhinoplasty. Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery. 2008;10(2):109-15. doi: 10.1001/archfaci.10.2.109.
  • 6. Cakir B, Oreroğlu AR, Doğan T, Akan M. A complete subperichondrial dissection technique for rhinoplasty with management of the nasal ligaments. Aesthetic Surgery Journal. 2012.;32(5):564-74. doi: 10.1177/1090820X12445471.
  • 7. Han SK, Lee DG, Kim JB, Kim WK. An anatomic study of nasal tip supporting structures. Ann Plast Surg. 2004;52(2):134-9.
  • 8. Bruintjes TD, van Olphen AF, Hillen B, Huizing EH. A functional anatomic study of the relationship of the nasal cartilages and muscles to the nasal valve area. The Laryngoscope. 1998;108(7):1025-32.
  • 9. Krause CJ, Pastorek N. Aesthetic Facial Surgery. 1st Ed. 1991; Philadelphia, Lippincott.
  • 10. Clark MP1, Greenfield B, Hunt N, Hall-Craggs M, McGrouther DA. Function of the nasal muscles in normal subjects assessed by dynamic MRI and EMG: its relevance to rhinoplasty surgery. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1998;101(7):1945-55.
  • 11. Stoddard DG, Pallanch JF, Hamilton GS. The effect of vibrissae on subjective and objective measures of nasal obstruction. American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy. 2015;29(5):373-7. doi: 10.2500/ajra.2015.29.4209.
  • 12. Figallo EE, Acosta JA. Nose muscular dynamics: the tip trigonum. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2001;108(5):1118-26. Doi: 10.1097/00006534-200110000-00003.
  • 13. Pitanguy I, Salgado F, Radwanski HN, Bushkin SC. The surgical importance of the dermocartilaginous ligament of the nose. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1995;95(5):790-794.
  • 14. Pitanguy I. Revisiting the dermocartilaginous ligament. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2001;107(1):264-66.
  • 15. Hwang K, Kim DJ, Hwang G. Relationship between depressor septi nasi muscle and dermocartilagenous ligament; anatomic study and clinical application. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery. 2006;17(2):286-90.
  • 16. Junqueira L, Carneiro J. Basic histology: text & atlas. McGraw-Hill Professional; 2005.
  • 17. Britannica. T.E.O.E. Ligament. 25.04.2019-10.10.2019. https://www.britannica.com/science/ligament.
  • 18. Han S-K. Anatomy of the Dermocartilaginous Ligament of the Nose, in Advanced Aesthetic Rhinoplasty. Springer. 2013. pp. 25-32.
  • 19. Park DJ, Han SK, Jeong SH, Kim WK. Anatomy of Pitanguy's Dermocartilaginous Ligament. J Korean Soc Plast Reconstr Surg. 2007;34(2):176-80.
  • 20. Letourneau A, Daniel RK. The superficial musculoaponeurotic system of the nose. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1988;82(1):48-57.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Otorhinolaryngology
Journal Section Research article
Authors

Ali Seyed Resuli 0000-0002-4262-1302

Publication Date April 1, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 4 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Seyed Resuli, A. (2020). Is Pitanguy’s ligament a true ligament? A prospective cohort study. Journal of Surgery and Medicine, 4(4), 251-254. https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.711748
AMA Seyed Resuli A. Is Pitanguy’s ligament a true ligament? A prospective cohort study. J Surg Med. April 2020;4(4):251-254. doi:10.28982/josam.711748
Chicago Seyed Resuli, Ali. “Is Pitanguy’s Ligament a True Ligament? A Prospective Cohort Study”. Journal of Surgery and Medicine 4, no. 4 (April 2020): 251-54. https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.711748.
EndNote Seyed Resuli A (April 1, 2020) Is Pitanguy’s ligament a true ligament? A prospective cohort study. Journal of Surgery and Medicine 4 4 251–254.
IEEE A. Seyed Resuli, “Is Pitanguy’s ligament a true ligament? A prospective cohort study”, J Surg Med, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 251–254, 2020, doi: 10.28982/josam.711748.
ISNAD Seyed Resuli, Ali. “Is Pitanguy’s Ligament a True Ligament? A Prospective Cohort Study”. Journal of Surgery and Medicine 4/4 (April 2020), 251-254. https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.711748.
JAMA Seyed Resuli A. Is Pitanguy’s ligament a true ligament? A prospective cohort study. J Surg Med. 2020;4:251–254.
MLA Seyed Resuli, Ali. “Is Pitanguy’s Ligament a True Ligament? A Prospective Cohort Study”. Journal of Surgery and Medicine, vol. 4, no. 4, 2020, pp. 251-4, doi:10.28982/josam.711748.
Vancouver Seyed Resuli A. Is Pitanguy’s ligament a true ligament? A prospective cohort study. J Surg Med. 2020;4(4):251-4.