Research Article
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Enhanced Heavy Metal Removal from Wastewater Produced by Chemical Analysis Laboratory Using Calcium Oxide Precipitation: pH Improvement and Characterization of Precipitated Phases

Year 2024, , 83 - 92, 04.02.2024
https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1321183

Abstract

This article presents research results on the precipitation of heavy metals: Aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), vanadium (V), and molybdenum (Mo) from wastewater generated in mining chemical analysis laboratory. Calcium oxide was used as the precipitating agent. The efficiency of heavy metal removal was achieved by increasing the dosage of precipitating reagent (8-28 g/L). Efficiencies greater than 90% are achieved. The efficiency of chemical precipitation depends on the pH of the process. Over a wide pH range from 6-11, the removal efficiency of zinc, iron, cadmium, and arsenic were approximately 99.9%. The optimum pH range for the removal of most elements was found to be between 8 and 11, where the removal efficiency of heavy metal ions reached up to 99%. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction results indicated that the metals in the wastewater precipitated in various forms as mentioned in Table 7, and not just as hydroxides, due to the presence of different ions in the solution.

References

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  • 10. Pohl A. Removal of heavy metal ions from water and wastewaters by sulfur-containing precipitation agents. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution [Internet]. 2020 Oct 28;231(10):503. Available from: <URL>.
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  • 18. Landaburu-Aguirre J, García V, Pongrácz E, Keiski RL. The removal of zinc from synthetic wastewaters by micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration: statistical design of experiments. Desalination [Internet]. 2009 May 15;240(1–3):262–9. Available from: <URL>.
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  • 21. Wei X, Viadero RC, Buzby KM. Recovery of iron and aluminum from acid mine drainage by selective precipitation. Environmental Engineering Sciences [Internet]. 2005 Nov 20;22(6):745–55. Available from: <URL>.
  • 22. Ramakrishnaiah CR, Prathima B. Hexavalent Chromium Removal from Industrial Wastewater by Chemical Precipitation Method. Int J Eng Res Appl [Internet]. 2012;2(2):599–603.
  • 23. Wang LK, Vaccari DA, Li Y, Shammas NK. Chemical precipitation. In: Wang, L.K., Hung, YT., Shammas, N.K. (eds) Physicochemical Treatment Processes [Internet]. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2005. p. 141–97. Available from: <URL>.
  • 24. Balladares E, Jerez O, Parada F, Baltierra L, Hernández C, Araneda E, et al. Neutralization and co-precipitation of heavy metals by lime addition to effluent from acid plant in a copper smelter. Minerals Engineering [Internet]. 2018 Jun 15;122:122–9. Available from: <URL>.
Year 2024, , 83 - 92, 04.02.2024
https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1321183

Abstract

References

  • 1. Brbooti MM, Abid BA, Al-Shuwaiki NM. Removal of heavy metals using chemicals precipitation. Engineering and Technology Journal [Internet]. 2011;29(3):595–612. Available from: <URL>.
  • 2. Maftouh A, Fatni O El, Hajjaji S El, Jawish MW, Sillanpää M. Comparative review of different adsorption techniques used in heavy metals removal in water. Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry [Internet]. 2022 Nov 1;13(4):397. Available from: <URL>.
  • 3. Benalia MC, Youcef L, Bouaziz MG, Achour S, Menasra H. Removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater by chemical precipitation: Mechanisms and sludge characterization. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering [Internet]. 2022 May 25;47(5):5587–99. Available from: <URL>.
  • 4. Azimi A, Azari A, Rezakazemi M, Ansarpour M. Removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewaters: A review. ChemBioEng Reviews [Internet]. 2017 Feb 1;4(1):37–59. Available from: <URL>.
  • 5. Saleh TA, Mustaqeem M, Khaled M. Water treatment technologies in removing heavy metal ions from wastewater: A review. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management [Internet]. 2022 May 1;17:100617. Available from: <URL>.
  • 6. Paulino AT, Minasse FAS, Guilherme MR, Reis A V., Muniz EC, Nozaki J. Novel adsorbent based on silkworm chrysalides for removal of heavy metals from wastewaters. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science [Internet]. 2006 Sep 15;301(2):479–87. Available from: <URL>.
  • 7. Chen B, Qu R, Shi J, Li D, Wei Z, Yang X, et al. Heavy metal and phosphorus removal from waters by optimizing use of calcium hydroxide and risk assessment. Environ and Pollution [Internet]. 2011 Dec 30;1(1):38–54. Available from: <URL>.
  • 8. Peters RW, Ku Y, Bhattacharyya D. Evaluation of recent treatment techniques for removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater. AICHE Symposium Series [Internet]. 1985;243(81):165–203. Available from: <URL>.
  • 9. Lin J-Y, Garcia EA, Ballesteros FC, Garcia-Segura S, Lu M-C. A review on chemical precipitation in carbon capture, utilization and storage. Sustainable Environment Research [Internet]. 2022 Oct 22;32(1):45. Available from: <URL>.
  • 10. Pohl A. Removal of heavy metal ions from water and wastewaters by sulfur-containing precipitation agents. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution [Internet]. 2020 Oct 28;231(10):503. Available from: <URL>.
  • 11. Feihrmann ANC, Baptista ATA, Lazari JP, Silva MO, Vieira MF, Vieira AMS. Evaluation of coagulation/ floculation process for water treatment using defatted cake from moringa oleifera. Chemical Engineering Transactions [Internet]. 2017 Mar 20;57:1543–8. Available from: <URL>.
  • 12. Jiuhui Q. Research progress of novel adsorption processes in water purification: A review. Journal of Environmental Sciences [Internet]. 2008 Jan 1;20(1):1–13. Available from: <URL>.
  • 13. Cho G, Park Y, Hong Y-K, Ha D-H. Ion exchange: An advanced synthetic method for complex nanoparticles. Nano Convergence [Internet]. 2019 Dec 3;6(1):17. Available from: <URL>.
  • 14. Xu L, Yan K, Mao Y, Wu D. Enhancing the dioxygen activation for arsenic removal by Cu0 nano-shell-decorated nZVI: Synergistic effects and mechanisms. Chemical Engineering Journal [Internet]. 2020 Mar 15;384:123295. Available from: <URL>.
  • 15. Razzak SA, Faruque MO, Alsheikh Z, Alsheikhmohamad L, Alkuroud D, Alfayez A, et al. A comprehensive review on conventional and biological-driven heavy metals removal from industrial wastewater. Environmental Advances [Internet]. 2022 Apr 1;7:100168. Available from: <URL>.
  • 16. Musa MA, Idrus S. Physical and biological treatment technologies of slaughterhouse wastewater: a review. Sustainability [Internet]. 2021 Apr 22;13(9):4656. Available from: <URL>.
  • 17. Oller I, Malato S, Sánchez-Pérez JA. Combination of Advanced Oxidation Processes and biological treatments for wastewater decontamination—A review. Science of the Total Environment [Internet]. 2011 Sep 15;409(20):4141–66. Available from: <URL>.
  • 18. Landaburu-Aguirre J, García V, Pongrácz E, Keiski RL. The removal of zinc from synthetic wastewaters by micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration: statistical design of experiments. Desalination [Internet]. 2009 May 15;240(1–3):262–9. Available from: <URL>.
  • 19. Foong CY, Wirzal MDH, Bustam MA. A review on nanofibers membrane with amino-based ionic liquid for heavy metal removal. Journal of Molecular Liquids [Internet]. 2020 Jan 1;297:111793. Available from: <URL>.
  • 20. Ayres DM, Davis AP, Gietka PM. Removing heavy metals from wastewater (report) [Internet]. 1994. Available from: <URL>.
  • 21. Wei X, Viadero RC, Buzby KM. Recovery of iron and aluminum from acid mine drainage by selective precipitation. Environmental Engineering Sciences [Internet]. 2005 Nov 20;22(6):745–55. Available from: <URL>.
  • 22. Ramakrishnaiah CR, Prathima B. Hexavalent Chromium Removal from Industrial Wastewater by Chemical Precipitation Method. Int J Eng Res Appl [Internet]. 2012;2(2):599–603.
  • 23. Wang LK, Vaccari DA, Li Y, Shammas NK. Chemical precipitation. In: Wang, L.K., Hung, YT., Shammas, N.K. (eds) Physicochemical Treatment Processes [Internet]. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2005. p. 141–97. Available from: <URL>.
  • 24. Balladares E, Jerez O, Parada F, Baltierra L, Hernández C, Araneda E, et al. Neutralization and co-precipitation of heavy metals by lime addition to effluent from acid plant in a copper smelter. Minerals Engineering [Internet]. 2018 Jun 15;122:122–9. Available from: <URL>.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Chemical Engineering (Other)
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLES
Authors

Intıssar Loughlaımı 0009-0005-5233-8956

Zineelabidine Bakher 0000-0003-1628-0337

Abdeljalil Zouhri 0000-0003-4301-3824

Publication Date February 4, 2024
Submission Date July 3, 2023
Acceptance Date October 17, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

Vancouver Loughlaımı I, Bakher Z, Zouhri A. Enhanced Heavy Metal Removal from Wastewater Produced by Chemical Analysis Laboratory Using Calcium Oxide Precipitation: pH Improvement and Characterization of Precipitated Phases. JOTCSA. 2024;11(1):83-92.