Structure and In Vitro Bioactivity of Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Alpinia monopleura Fruit

Agung Wibawa Mahatva Yodha; Reymon Reymon; Nirwati Rusli; Angriani Fusvita; Wahyuni Wahyuni; Sahidin Sahidin

doi:10.18596/jotcsa.1809932

Structure and In Vitro Bioactivity of Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Alpinia monopleura Fruit

Abstract

Phenolic compounds are widely recognized for their diverse pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic effects. Alpinia species are known to be rich in bioactive constituents; however, the chemical profile and biological activities of Alpinia monopleura fruit remain poorly explored. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities of phenolic compounds from the fruit of A. monopleura. Maceration extraction was carried out using methanol as the solvent, followed by fractionation and purification through chromatographic techniques, resulting in four pure compounds. Structural identification was performed based on ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR spectroscopic data, which were consistent with those reported in reference literature for each compound, namely hexadecyl ferulate (A1), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (A2), methyl p-coumarate (A3), and methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate (A4). Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging method, anti-inflammatory activity was determined through nitric oxide (NO) inhibition, and antidiabetic activity was assessed using the α-glucosidase inhibition assay. The results showed that all four compounds exhibited biological activities with varying degrees of effectiveness. The IC₅₀ values for the DPPH assay of compounds A1–A4 were 27.60±1.19, 13.52±0.94, 10.30±0.95, and 8.20±0.95 µg/mL, respectively. For NO inhibition, the IC₅₀ values were 42.86±1.08, 16.25±1.06, 11.35±0.96, and 9.69±1.12 µg/mL, while for α-glucosidase inhibition, the IC₅₀ values were 47.39±1.45, 40.67±1.05, 28.59±0.98, and 16.54±0.87 µg/mL, respectively. Methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate (A4) consistently demonstrated the strongest activity across all assays. These findings confirm that the combination of hydroxyl and methoxy groups plays a crucial role in enhancing the biological activity of phenolic compounds from A. monopleura, suggesting their potential for development as natural bioactive agents.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Financial support for this research was provided by the Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology, Republic of Indonesia (Grant No. 205/C3/DT.05.00/PL-BATCH II/2025).

Project Number

205/C3/DT.05.00/PL-BATCH II/2025

Ethical Statement

This study did not involve human participants or animal experiments. All experimental procedures, including plant collection and in vitro bioassays, were conducted in accordance with institutional, national, and international ethical standards for research integrity. The plant material (Alpinia monopleura K. Schum.) was collected with permission from local authorities in Konawe Selatan Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, and identified by a botanist at the Herbarium of Halu Oleo University. A voucher specimen (No. 179a/UN29.18/PP/2025) was deposited for future reference.

Thanks

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia through the Fundamental Research Grant

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Natural Products and Bioactive Compounds

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Agung Wibawa Mahatva Yodha ^*
0000-0003-0281-596X
Indonesia

Reymon Reymon
0009-0001-3257-3896
Indonesia

Nirwati Rusli
0009-0006-1343-1346
Indonesia

Angriani Fusvita
0000-0003-1003-2842
Indonesia

Wahyuni Wahyuni
0000-0003-4796-1100
Indonesia

Sahidin Sahidin
0000-0003-0997-0065
Indonesia

Publication Date

January 15, 2026

Submission Date

October 24, 2025

Acceptance Date

January 7, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: 2026-1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1809932

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA39SS53EN

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Yodha, A. W. M., Reymon, R., Rusli, N., Fusvita, A., Wahyuni, W., & Sahidin, S. (2026). Structure and In Vitro Bioactivity of Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Alpinia monopleura Fruit. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry, 2026-1, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1809932

AMA

1.Yodha AWM, Reymon R, Rusli N, Fusvita A, Wahyuni W, Sahidin S. Structure and In Vitro Bioactivity of Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Alpinia monopleura Fruit. JOTCSA. 2026;(2026-1):1-10. doi:10.18596/jotcsa.1809932

Chicago

Yodha, Agung Wibawa Mahatva, Reymon Reymon, Nirwati Rusli, Angriani Fusvita, Wahyuni Wahyuni, and Sahidin Sahidin. 2026. “Structure and In Vitro Bioactivity of Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Alpinia Monopleura Fruit”. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry, no. 2026-1: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1809932.

EndNote

Yodha AWM, Reymon R, Rusli N, Fusvita A, Wahyuni W, Sahidin S (January 1, 2026) Structure and In Vitro Bioactivity of Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Alpinia monopleura Fruit. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry 2026-1 1–10.

IEEE

[1]A. W. M. Yodha, R. Reymon, N. Rusli, A. Fusvita, W. Wahyuni, and S. Sahidin, “Structure and In Vitro Bioactivity of Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Alpinia monopleura Fruit”, JOTCSA, no. 2026-1, pp. 1–10, Jan. 2026, doi: 10.18596/jotcsa.1809932.

ISNAD

Yodha, Agung Wibawa Mahatva - Reymon, Reymon - Rusli, Nirwati - Fusvita, Angriani - Wahyuni, Wahyuni - Sahidin, Sahidin. “Structure and In Vitro Bioactivity of Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Alpinia Monopleura Fruit”. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry. 2026-1 (January 1, 2026): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1809932.

JAMA

1.Yodha AWM, Reymon R, Rusli N, Fusvita A, Wahyuni W, Sahidin S. Structure and In Vitro Bioactivity of Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Alpinia monopleura Fruit. JOTCSA. 2026;:1–10.

MLA

Yodha, Agung Wibawa Mahatva, et al. “Structure and In Vitro Bioactivity of Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Alpinia Monopleura Fruit”. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry, no. 2026-1, Jan. 2026, pp. 1-10, doi:10.18596/jotcsa.1809932.

Vancouver

1.Agung Wibawa Mahatva Yodha, Reymon Reymon, Nirwati Rusli, Angriani Fusvita, Wahyuni Wahyuni, Sahidin Sahidin. Structure and In Vitro Bioactivity of Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Alpinia monopleura Fruit. JOTCSA. 2026 Jan. 1;(2026-1):1-10. doi:10.18596/jotcsa.1809932

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