EFFECT OF DRYING ON YIELD, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY OF LEAF ESSENTIAL OILS OF SWEET ORANGE (Citrus sinensis)

Abstract

Pulverized fresh and dried leaves of Citrus sinensis (500 g) that were dried for five consecutive days during  dry season were separately hydro-distilled for 3 hours. Oil yields from the samples ranged from 0.10 - 0.37% (w/w). Characterization of the oils using Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry showed that the oils were predominated by monoterpenoids (56.7 – 90.2%).  Car-3-ene was the most abundant compound in the oils from fresh and  the leaves dried for four days.  Interestingly, the oils from other dried leaves had α-fenchene, α-terpinolene and β-pinene as their major constituents. The insecticidal activities of the oils against Callosobruchus maculatus were also determined via contact toxicity bioassay. Regardless of the level of dryness, the oils were observed to be toxic to C. maculatus.  Oil obtained from the leaves dried for five days was found to be more active against the insect than  other oils.

Keywords

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References

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