EFFECT OF DRYING ON YIELD, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY OF LEAF ESSENTIAL OILS OF SWEET ORANGE (Citrus sinensis)

Year 2016, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 1 - 18, 31.01.2016

Lamidi Usman , Olusola Watti Ridwan Ismaeel Adebayo Ojumoola

https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.98689

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Pulverized fresh and dried leaves of Citrus sinensis (500 g) that were dried for five consecutive days during  dry season were separately hydro-distilled for 3 hours. Oil yields from the samples ranged from 0.10 - 0.37% (w/w). Characterization of the oils using Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry showed that the oils were predominated by monoterpenoids (56.7 – 90.2%).  Car-3-ene was the most abundant compound in the oils from fresh and  the leaves dried for four days.  Interestingly, the oils from other dried leaves had α-fenchene, α-terpinolene and β-pinene as their major constituents. The insecticidal activities of the oils against Callosobruchus maculatus were also determined via contact toxicity bioassay. Regardless of the level of dryness, the oils were observed to be toxic to C. maculatus.  Oil obtained from the leaves dried for five days was found to be more active against the insect than  other oils.

Keywords

-

References

• Ashafa A, Grierson D, Afolayan A. Effects of drying methods on the chemical composition of essential oil from Felicia muricata leaves. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences. 2008;7(6):603–6. URL: http://www.docsdrive.com/pdfs/ansinet/ajps/0000/5649-5649.pdf.
• Sefidkon F, Abbasi K, Khaniki GB. Influence of drying and extraction methods on yield and chemical composition of the essential oil of Satureja hortensis. Food Chemistry. 2006 Jan;99(1):19–23. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.07.026.
• Novák I, Sipos L, Kókai Z, Szabó K, Pluhár Z, Sárosi S. Effect of the drying method on the composition of Origanum vulgare L. subsp. hirtum essential oil analysed by GC-MS and sensory profile method. Acta Alimentaria. 2011 Jan;40(Supplement 1):130–8. DOI: 10.1556/AAlim.40.2011.Suppl.13.
• Stanisavljević D, Stojičević S, Karabegović I, Đorđević S, Veličković D, Lazić M. Antioxidant activity of the essential oils of five species of the family Lamiaceae. Planta Medica. 2011;77:34.
• Agah M, Najafian S. Essential oil content and composition of Lippa citriodora as affected by drying method before flowering stages. European Journal of Experimental Biology. 2012;2(5):1771–7. URL: http://pelagiaresearchlibrary.com/european-journal-of-experimental-biology/vol2-iss5/EJEB-2012-2-5-1771-1777.pdf.
• Zrira S, Benjilali B. Effect of Drying on Leaf Oil Production of Moroccan Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Journal of Essential Oil Research. 1991 Mar;3(2):117–8. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.1991.9697921.
• Whish JPM, Williams RR. Effects of Post Harvest Drying on the Yield of Tea Tree Oil (Melaleuca alternifolia). Journal of Essential Oil Research. 1996 Jan;8(1):47–51. DOI: 10.1080/10412905.1996.9700552.
• Kamal G, Anwar F, Hussain A, Sarri N, Ashraf M. Yield and chemical composition of Citrus essential oils as affected by drying pretreatment of peels. International Food Research Journal. 2011;18(4):1275–82.
• Benbelaid F, Abdoune M, Khadri A, Bendahou M. Drying effect on yield and antimicrobial activity of essential oils. International Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 2013;3(1):93–101.
• Anonymous. In: British Pharmacopoeia. London: H.M. Stationary Office; 1980. p. 109.
• Adams RP. Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. 4th ed. Carol Stream, Ill: Allured Pub. Corp; 2007. 804 p. ISBN: 978-1-932633-21-4.
• Joulain D, König W. In: The atlas of spectral data of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. EBVerlag; 1998. p. 58–94.
• Jennings W, Shibamoto T. Quantitative analysis of flavour and fragrance volatiles by glass capillary column gas chromatography. In New York: Academic Press; 1980. p. 248–50.
• Soji-Omoniwa O, Muhammad N, Usman L, Omoniwa B. Effect of Leaf Essential Oil of Citrus sinensis at Different Harvest Time on Some Liver and Kidney Function Indices of Diabetic Rats. Journal of Biological, Biomolecular, Agricultural, Food and Biotechnological Engineering. 2014;8(5):475–9. URL: http: //www.waset.org/publications/9998274.
• Kamal S, Manmohan S, Birendra S. A review on chemical and medicobiological applications of Jatropha curcas. International research journal of pharmacy. 2011;2(4):61–6. URL: http: //www. irjponline. com/admin/php/uploa ds/vol2/issue4/10.pdf.
• Djenane D. Chemical Profile, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Algerian Citrus Essential Oils and Their Application in Sardina pilchardus. Foods. 2015 Jun 5;4(2):208–28. DOI: 10.3390/foods4020208.
• Kumar P, Mishra S, Malik A, Satya S. Insecticidal Evaluation of essential oils of Citrus sinensis L. (Myrtales: Myrtaceae) against housefly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae). Parasitology Research. 2012 May;110(5):1929–36. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2719-3.
• Azar A, Nekoei M, Larijani K, Bahraminasab S. Chemical composition of the essential oils of Citrus sinensis cv. valencia and a quantitative structure-retention relationship study for the prediction of retention indices by multiple linear regression. Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society. 2011;76(12):1627–37. DOI: 10.2298/JSC101218141A.
• Njoroge SM, Koaze H, Karanja PN, Sawamura M. Essential oil constituents of three varieties of Kenyan sweet oranges (Citrus sinensis). Flavour and Fragrance Journal. 2005 Jan;20(1):80–5. DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1377.
• Wise ML, Savage TJ, Katahira E, Croteau R. Monoterpene Synthases from Common Sage (Salvia officinalis): cDNA ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION OF (+)-SABINENE SYNTHASE, 1,8-CINEOLE SYNTHASE, AND (+)-BORNYL DIPHOSPHATE SYNTHASE. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1998 Jun 12;273(24):14891–9. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.24.14891.
• Degenhardt J, Köllner TG, Gershenzon J. Monoterpene and sesquiterpene synthases and the origin of terpene skeletal diversity in plants. Phytochemistry. 2009 Oct;70(15-16):1621–37. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.07.030.
• Wise M, Croteau R. Comprehensive Natural Products Chemistry, Isoprenoids Including Caroteinoids and Steroids. In Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.; 1999. p. 97–135.
• Rajendran S, Sriranjini V. Plant products as fumigants for stored-product insect control. Journal of Stored Products Research. 2008 Jan;44(2):126–35. DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2007.08.003.
• Ngamo T, Ngatanko I, Ngassoum M. Persistence of insecticidal activities of crude essential oils of three aromatic plants towards four major stored product insect pests. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 2007;2(2):173–7. URL: http: //www.academicjournals.org/journal/A JAR/article-full-text-pdf/491C5DE30606.
• Aboua L, Seri-Kouassi B, Koua H. Insecticidal activity of essential oils from three aromatic plants on Callosobruchus maculatus F. Journal of Scientific Research. 2010;39(2):243–50.
• Kostyukovsky M, Rafaeli A, Gileadi C, Demchenko N, Shaaya E. Activation of octopaminergic receptors by essential oil constituents isolated from aromatic plants: possible mode of action against insect pests. Pest Management Science. 2002 Nov;58(11):1101–6. DOI: 10.1002/ps.548.
• Priestley CM, Williamson EM, Wafford KA, Sattelle DB. Thymol, a constituent of thyme essential oil, is a positive allosteric modulator of human GABA A receptors and a homo-oligomeric GABA receptor from Drosophila melanogaster. British Journal of Pharmacology. 2003 Dec;140(8):1363–72. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705542.
• Ekeh F, Oleru K, Ivoke N, Nwani C, Eyo C. Effects of Citrus sinensis Peel Oil on the Oviposition and Development of Cowpea Beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Some Legume Grains. Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 2013;45(4):967–74. URL: http://www.zsp.com.pk/pdf45/967- 974%20_13_%20PJZ-1234-13%206-7-13%20Eke%20et%20al%202013%20a.pdf.
• Don-Pedro KN. Mechanisms of action of some vegetable oils against Sitophilus zeamais motsch (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on wheat. Journal of Stored Products Research. 1989 Oct;25(4):217–23. DOI: 10.1016/0022-474X(89)90027-1.
• Tripathi AK, Prajapati V, Khanuja SPS, Kumar S. Effect of d-Limonene on Three Stored-Product Beetles. Journal of Economic Entomology. 2003 Jun 1;96(3):990–5. DOI: 10.1093/jee/96.3.990.
• Zewde D, Jembere B. Evaluation of Orange Peel Citrus Sinensis (L) As a Source of Repellent, Toxicant and Protectant against Zabrotes Subfasciatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Momona Ethiopian Journal of Science [Internet]. 2010;2(1):217–23. URL: http://www.ajol.info/index.php/mejs/article/view/49652.