The Use of CeO2-TiO2 Nanocomposites as Enzyme Immobilization Platforms in Electrochemical Sensors

Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 855 - 868, 17.08.2017

Aytekin Uzunoglu

https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.327686

Cited By: 10

Abstract

The use of metal oxide-based nanoparticles plays a key role in the
development of electrochemical sensors with superior properties such as high
sensitivity, wide linear range, low limit of detection, and long storage
stability. In this work, we aimed to synthesize CeO₂-TiO₂
mixed metal oxide nanoparticles which were used as substrate materials for the
immobilization of biorecognition element for the construction of enzyme-based
electrochemical sensors. For this purpose, in the first part of the study, CeO₂-TiO₂
nanoparticles were prepared via a low temperature co-precipitation method and
characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), N₂-adsorption, and
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) methods. The XRD results confirmed the
successful synthesis of CeO₂-TiO₂ mixed metal oxide
nanoparticles with the average crystalline size of 8.51 nm. The calculated crystalline
size value was compatible with that obtained from the TEM images. The N₂
adsorption results revealed a large surface area of 78.6 cm² g^-1
which is essential for the construction of electrochemical sensors with
improved performance. The electrochemical sensors were developed by the
deposition of nanoparticles on the surface of a Pt electrode, followed by the
immobilization of lactate oxide enzyme. The electrochemical performance of the
sensors was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry methods.
The constructed sensors showed a sensitivity of 0.085 ± 0.008 µA µM^-1
cm^-2 (n=5) with a high reproducibility (RSD % = 1.3) and a wide
linear range (0.02-0.6 mM).  In addition,
the detection limit towards lactate was found be 5.9 µM. The results indicated
that the use of CeO₂-TiO₂ nanoparticles used as a
modifier on the surface of the Pt electrode enabled the construction of
electrochemical lactate sensors with high sensitivity.

Keywords

electrochemical sensor, biosensor, ceria, titanium dioxide, nanoparticle, metal oxide

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