Extraction, Optimization, and Characterization of Neem Seed Oil via Box-Behnken Design Approach

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 513 - 526, 31.05.2022

Ketema Beyecha Hundie Desalegn Abdissa Abreham Bekele Bayu

https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1039997

Abstract

This study was aimed at extracting, optimizing, and characterizing the neem seed oil through Box-Behnken design. The effects of extraction parameters such as temperature (50-80°C), particle size (0.15–0.3 mm), and time (60-180 min) were considered. The extraction of oil was studied using the soxhlet extraction process, applying n-hexane as a solvent. The quadratic model was suggested to demonstrate optimal extraction parameters of 132.677 min, 64.416°C of temperature, and 0.212 mm of particle size using numerical optimization. The experimental yield of oil at optimum conditions 44.141%, which was close to the model-anticipated value. The physicochemical properties suggested that neem oil had an ash content of 2.1%, moisture content 4.61%, density 0.875 g/cm3, viscosity 33.5 mm2/s, specific gravity 0.88, saponification value 206.7 mg KOH/, iodine value 122.5 g I2/100 g, acid value 1.81 mg KOH/g, and cetane number of 75. The extraction parameters had a significant effect on the yield of neem seed oil. However, the temperature and particle size had a higher effect compared to the extraction time. The most important unsaturated fatty acid is oleic acid (60.924 %). The properties of the oil revealed that the neem seed oil can be used as a potential source of material for industrial applications. It can be concluded that neem seeds have the potential to be used as industrial feedstocks in the future.

Keywords

Extraction, Neem Seed Oil, Property, Optimization

Supporting Institution

Jimma istitute of Technology

Project Number

MEGA GRANT,RPD/JiT/0164/12/Code JiT_2019_36

Thanks

Thanks to Jimma Institute of Technology, Jimma University for its support of this research

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