Development of a Silica-Organic Framework Ionic Solid Bronsted Acid Catalyst for the Synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted Imidazole Derivatives

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 1 - 14, 03.03.2025

Noor Abbas Alshook , Haitham Dalol Hanoon , Hayder Hamied Mihsen

https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1515088

Abstract

Heterogeneous Bronsted acid is one of the most promising compounds that can be used as a catalyst in chemical production, and that can certainly have a positive impact on the environment. This research includes the preparation of heterogeneous Bronsted acid by using rice hulls as a starting material. The prepared acid was characterized by FTIR, XRD, TGA, SEM-EDX, TEM, and elemental analysis. The FTIR results showed the presence of N-H and S=O absorption bands within the expected range in prepared Bronsted acid. The specific surface area of the catalyst determined by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) using the nitrogen adsorption method is 205.42 m2/g, and the average pore diameters are 3.69 nm, 2,4,5-Trisubstituted imidazole derivatives were prepared by reacting substituted aldehydes with benzil and ammonium acetate in the presence of a solid acid catalyst. The main advantages of this method are safe, cheap, and short reaction conditions. In addition, the prepared catalyst can be reused.

Keywords

Rice husks, Heterogeneous solid acid, Catalyst, Brønsted acid, Imidazole derivatives, Aldehydes.

Ethical Statement

The authors affirm that they do not have any competing interests. It does not require ethics approval.

Supporting Institution

This project did not receive any funding

Thanks

The Department of Chemistry at Kerbala University's College of Science is gratefully acknowledged by the authors of the current study for providing financial assistance.

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