Research Article
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Extractive demetalization of Iraqi crude oil by using zeolite A

Year 2019, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 75 - 86, 15.11.2019

Abstract

The feasibility of removal vanadium (V) from Iraqi crude oil using
zeolite A was investigated. Different operating parameters such as adsorbent
loading, vanadium loading, and operating time were studied for their effects on
metal removal efficiency. Experimental results of adsorption test show that
Langmuir isotherm predicts well the experimental data and the maximum zeolite A
uptake of V was 30 mg/g. XRD and EDX analyses revealed the noticeable uptake of
zeolite for V. In crude oil, experimental results indicated that for zeolite
loading at 1g/100ml oil and within approximately 5 h, the removal efficiencies
of V were 60, 45, and 33% at vanadium loadings of 75, 85, and 95 ppm
respectively. While at 10, 20, 40, and 50 h the removal efficiency was 68, 75,
78 and 78% for 75 ppm of V loading. The equilibrium concentration of V in crude
oil was attained after 40 h of operation. Long term
tests revealed the high stability of zeolite A for vanadium removal. Results
depict that zeolite A could be advantageous for removal of V in the crude oil
hydrotreating units.

Thanks

Department of Chemical Engineering, the University of Technology; Petroleum Research Center, Iraqi Ministry of Oil

References

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  • 2. Gawel, I., Bociaska, D., Biskupski, P. Effects of asphaltenes on hydroprocessing of heavy oils and residua. Applied catalysis 2005; 295: 89-94
  • 3. Rana, M. S., Sámano, V., Ancheyta, J., Diaz, J. A. I. A review of recent advances on process technologies for upgrading of heavy oils and residua. Fuel 2007; 86(9): 1216-31.
  • 4. Fergusson, J.E. The Heavy Elements: Chemistry, Environmental Impact and Health Effects, Pergamon, Oxford (1990).
  • 5. Flores, V., Cabassud, C. A hybrid membrane process for Cu(II) removal from industrial wastewater, comparison with a conventional process system. Desalination 1999;126: 101–8.
  • 6. Smith, K.J., Lai, W.C. Heavy oil microfiltration using ceramic monolith membranes. Fuel 2001; 80: 1121- 30.
  • 7. Thompson, R. W. Molecular Sieves, Science and Technology, Weitkamp, I. J. (Ed). Springer, Berlin (1998).
  • 8. Auerbach, S.M., Carrado, K.A., Dutta, P.K. Handbook of Zeolite Science and Technology, Marcel Dekker, New York (2003).
  • 9. Keane, M.A. The removal of copper and nickel from aqueous solution using Y zeolite ion exchangers. Colloids Surface A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 1998; 138: 11–20.
  • 10. Ding, L., Zheng, Y., Zhang, Z., Ring, Z. and Chen, J. Hydrotreating of light cycled oil using WNi/Al2O3 catalysts containing zeolite beta and/or chemically treated zeolite Y. Journal of Catalysis 2006; 241(2): 435-45.
  • 11. Kuzmcki, S. M., McCaffrey, W. C., Brian, J., Wangen, E., Koenig, A., Lin, C. C. H. Natural zeolite bitumen cracking and upgrading. Microporous and Mesoporous materials 2007; 105: 268-72.
  • 12. Benhammou A., Yaacoubi A., Nibou L., Tanouti B. Adsorption of metal ions onto Moroccan stevensite: kinetic and isotherm studies. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 2005; 282: 320 – 6.
  • 13. Curkovic L., Cerjan – Stefanovic Š., Filipan T. Metal ion exchange by natural and modified zeolites. Water Research 1997; 31(6): 1379 – 82.
  • 14. Price, L., Leung, K.M., Asel, S. Local and Average Structural Changes in Zeolite A upon Ion Exchange. Magnetochemistry 2017; 3(4): 42-57.
  • 15. Al-Daura Oil Refinery. Laboratory analyses daily log-sheet, Midland Refineries Company, Baghdad (2017).
  • 16. Salman, H., Shaheen, H., Ghaiath, A., Khalouf, N. Use of Syrian natural zeolite for heavy metals removal from industrial waste water: Factors and mechanism. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(4): 452-61.
  • 17. Cozmuta, L.M., Mihaly, A., Peter, A., Nicula, C., Nsimba, E.B., H Tutu, H. The influence of pH on the adsorption of lead by Na-clinoptilolite: Kinetic and equilibrium studies, Water SA 2012; 38(2): 269-78.
  • 18. Surinder, S., Lokesh, K. V., Sambi, S.S., Sharma, S.K. Adsorption Behavior of Ni (II) from Water onto Zeolite X: Kinetics and Equilibrium Studies, Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science 2008 WCECS 2008, October 22 - 24, 2008, San Francisco, USA.
  • 19. Treacy, M.M.J., Higgins, J.B. Collection of Simulated XRD Powder Patterns for Zeolites. Fourth Revised Edition (2001), Elsevier, Amsterdam.
  • 20. Kim, G. J. Hydrothermal crystallization and secondary synthesis of vanadium containing zeolites, Journal of Korean Association of Crystal Growth 1997; 7(3): 437-48.
  • 21. Gallezot, P., Leclercq, C. Conventional and analytical electron microscopy. In Catalyst Characterization: Physical Techniques for Solid Materials. Edited by Boris Imelik, Jacques C. Vedrine (1994).
  • 22. Gomes, V.A.M., Coelho, J.A., Peixoto, H.R., Lucena, S.M.P.: Easily tunable parameterization of a force field for gas adsorption on FAU zeolites. Adsorption 2015; 21: 25–35.
  • 23. Shannon, R.D. Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides. Acta Crystallographica. (1976). A32, 751-67. doi:10.1107/S0567739476001551.
  • 24. Motsi, T., Rowson, N.A., Simmons, M.J. Adsorption of heavy metals from acid mine drainage by natural zeolite. International Journal of Minerals Processing 2001; 92:42-8.
  • 25. Abid, M.F., Hamiedi, S.T., Ibrahim, S.I, Al-Nasri, S.K. Removal of toxic organic compounds from synthetic wastewater by a solar photocatalysis system. Desalination and Water Treatment 2018; 105: 119–25.
Year 2019, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 75 - 86, 15.11.2019

Abstract

References

  • 1. Ali, M. F., Abbas, S. A review of methods for the demetallization of residual fuel oils. Fuel Processing Technology. 2006; 87(7): 573-84.
  • 2. Gawel, I., Bociaska, D., Biskupski, P. Effects of asphaltenes on hydroprocessing of heavy oils and residua. Applied catalysis 2005; 295: 89-94
  • 3. Rana, M. S., Sámano, V., Ancheyta, J., Diaz, J. A. I. A review of recent advances on process technologies for upgrading of heavy oils and residua. Fuel 2007; 86(9): 1216-31.
  • 4. Fergusson, J.E. The Heavy Elements: Chemistry, Environmental Impact and Health Effects, Pergamon, Oxford (1990).
  • 5. Flores, V., Cabassud, C. A hybrid membrane process for Cu(II) removal from industrial wastewater, comparison with a conventional process system. Desalination 1999;126: 101–8.
  • 6. Smith, K.J., Lai, W.C. Heavy oil microfiltration using ceramic monolith membranes. Fuel 2001; 80: 1121- 30.
  • 7. Thompson, R. W. Molecular Sieves, Science and Technology, Weitkamp, I. J. (Ed). Springer, Berlin (1998).
  • 8. Auerbach, S.M., Carrado, K.A., Dutta, P.K. Handbook of Zeolite Science and Technology, Marcel Dekker, New York (2003).
  • 9. Keane, M.A. The removal of copper and nickel from aqueous solution using Y zeolite ion exchangers. Colloids Surface A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 1998; 138: 11–20.
  • 10. Ding, L., Zheng, Y., Zhang, Z., Ring, Z. and Chen, J. Hydrotreating of light cycled oil using WNi/Al2O3 catalysts containing zeolite beta and/or chemically treated zeolite Y. Journal of Catalysis 2006; 241(2): 435-45.
  • 11. Kuzmcki, S. M., McCaffrey, W. C., Brian, J., Wangen, E., Koenig, A., Lin, C. C. H. Natural zeolite bitumen cracking and upgrading. Microporous and Mesoporous materials 2007; 105: 268-72.
  • 12. Benhammou A., Yaacoubi A., Nibou L., Tanouti B. Adsorption of metal ions onto Moroccan stevensite: kinetic and isotherm studies. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 2005; 282: 320 – 6.
  • 13. Curkovic L., Cerjan – Stefanovic Š., Filipan T. Metal ion exchange by natural and modified zeolites. Water Research 1997; 31(6): 1379 – 82.
  • 14. Price, L., Leung, K.M., Asel, S. Local and Average Structural Changes in Zeolite A upon Ion Exchange. Magnetochemistry 2017; 3(4): 42-57.
  • 15. Al-Daura Oil Refinery. Laboratory analyses daily log-sheet, Midland Refineries Company, Baghdad (2017).
  • 16. Salman, H., Shaheen, H., Ghaiath, A., Khalouf, N. Use of Syrian natural zeolite for heavy metals removal from industrial waste water: Factors and mechanism. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(4): 452-61.
  • 17. Cozmuta, L.M., Mihaly, A., Peter, A., Nicula, C., Nsimba, E.B., H Tutu, H. The influence of pH on the adsorption of lead by Na-clinoptilolite: Kinetic and equilibrium studies, Water SA 2012; 38(2): 269-78.
  • 18. Surinder, S., Lokesh, K. V., Sambi, S.S., Sharma, S.K. Adsorption Behavior of Ni (II) from Water onto Zeolite X: Kinetics and Equilibrium Studies, Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science 2008 WCECS 2008, October 22 - 24, 2008, San Francisco, USA.
  • 19. Treacy, M.M.J., Higgins, J.B. Collection of Simulated XRD Powder Patterns for Zeolites. Fourth Revised Edition (2001), Elsevier, Amsterdam.
  • 20. Kim, G. J. Hydrothermal crystallization and secondary synthesis of vanadium containing zeolites, Journal of Korean Association of Crystal Growth 1997; 7(3): 437-48.
  • 21. Gallezot, P., Leclercq, C. Conventional and analytical electron microscopy. In Catalyst Characterization: Physical Techniques for Solid Materials. Edited by Boris Imelik, Jacques C. Vedrine (1994).
  • 22. Gomes, V.A.M., Coelho, J.A., Peixoto, H.R., Lucena, S.M.P.: Easily tunable parameterization of a force field for gas adsorption on FAU zeolites. Adsorption 2015; 21: 25–35.
  • 23. Shannon, R.D. Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides. Acta Crystallographica. (1976). A32, 751-67. doi:10.1107/S0567739476001551.
  • 24. Motsi, T., Rowson, N.A., Simmons, M.J. Adsorption of heavy metals from acid mine drainage by natural zeolite. International Journal of Minerals Processing 2001; 92:42-8.
  • 25. Abid, M.F., Hamiedi, S.T., Ibrahim, S.I, Al-Nasri, S.K. Removal of toxic organic compounds from synthetic wastewater by a solar photocatalysis system. Desalination and Water Treatment 2018; 105: 119–25.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Chemical Engineering
Journal Section Full-length articles
Authors

Luma Mahmood This is me

Mohammad Abid 0000-0001-5690-8577

Publication Date November 15, 2019
Submission Date September 14, 2018
Acceptance Date July 27, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Mahmood, L., & Abid, M. (2019). Extractive demetalization of Iraqi crude oil by using zeolite A. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section B: Chemical Engineering, 2(2), 75-86.

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J. Turk. Chem. Soc., Sect. B: Chem. Eng. (JOTCSB)