EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CAPABILITIES AND LEARNING ORIENTATION ON INNOVATION AND PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE IN TECHNOLOGY FOCUSED MANUFACTURING COMPANIES

Abstract

For the research, data were collected from technology-oriented production companies operating in Istanbul. The reason for choosing these companies is that global capabilities become even more important in the world of technology in terms of innovation and production performance. In this context, it is aimed to examine the effects of both global capabilities and learning orientation in the constantly changing technology world. A sample of 1044 participants was taken to set up and test the model and analyzes were performed using SmartPLS 3.3.5. In the research, it can be explained by supporting the hypotheses that both innovation and production performances are positively affected if technology-oriented production companies have global capabilities and can realize the learning orientation.

Keywords

• Global capabilities
• learning orientation
• innovation performance
• production performance

TEKNOLOJİ ODAKLI ÜRETİM YAPAN ŞİRKETLERDE GLOBAL YETENEKLERİN VE ÖĞRENME ODAKLILIĞIN İNOVASYON VE ÜRETİM PERFORMANSINA ETKİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Abstract

Çalışma için istanbulda faaliyet gösteren teknoloji odaklı üretim yapan şirketlerden veriler toplanmıştır. Bu şirketlerin seçilmesinin nedeni, inovasyon ve üretim performansı açısından teknoloji dünyasında global yeteneklerin daha da önemli hale gelmesidir. Bu kapsamda araştırma da sürekli değişim halinde olan teknoloji dünyasında hem global yeteneklerin hem de öğrenme yöneliminin etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Modelin kurulması ve test edilmesi için 1044 katılımcıdan oluşan bir örneklem alınmış ve SmartPLS 3.3.5 kullanılarak analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada, teknoloji odaklı üretim yapan şirketlerin global yeteneklere sahip olmaları ve öğrenme yönelimini gerçekleştirebilmeleri durumunda hem inovasyon hem de üretim performanslarının olumlu yönde etkilendiği hipotezlerin desteklenmesiyle açıklanabilmektedir.

Keywords

• Küresel yetenekler
• öğrenme yönelimi
• yenilik performansı
• üretim performansı

References

1. Adiguzel, Z. (2019). Relationships among leader effectiveness, learning orientation, effective communication, team creativity and service innovation in the service sector, Business and Economics Research Journal, 10(1), 131-148.
2. Agus, A., & Selvaraj, R. (2020). The effects of people-and technical-oriented TQM on productivity: the mediating role of production performance, International Journal of Business and Society, 21(1), 234-252.
3. Alerasoul, S. A., Afeltra, G., Hakala, H., Minelli, E., & Strozzi, F. (2021). Organisational learning, learning organisation, and learning orientation: An integrative review and framework, Human Resource Management Review, 1-26.
4. Antunes, H. D. J. G., & Pinheiro, P. G. (2020). Linking knowledge management, organizational learning and memory, Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 5(2), 140-149.
5. Arkolakis, C., Ramondo, N., Rodríguez-Clare, A. & Yeaple, S. (2018). Innovation and production in the global economy, American Economic Review, 108(8): 1-64.
6. Atitumpong, A., & Badir, Y.F. (2018). Leader-member exchange, learning orientation and innovative work behavior, Journal of Workplace Learning, 30(1), 32-47. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWL-01-2017-0005
7. Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74–94.
8. Bouwman, H., Nikou, S., & De Reuver, M. (2019). Digitalization, business models, and SMEs: How do business model innovation practices improve performance of digitalizing SMEs?, Telecommunications Policy, 43(9), 1-18.

9. Brondoni, S. M. (2018). Competitive Business Management and Global Competition. An Introduction, In Competitive Business Management (pp. 21-42). Routledge.
10. Brondoni, S. M., & Zaninotto, E. (2018). Ouverture de'The 4th Industrial Revolution. Business Model Innovation & Global Competition, Symphonya, (2), 1-7.
11. Calantone, R.J., Cavusgil, S.T., & Zhao, Y. (2002). Learning Orientation, Firm Innovation Capability and Firm Performance, Industrial Marketing Management, 31, 515-524
12. Celuch, K. G., Kasouf, C. J., & Peruvemba, V. (2002). The effects of perceived market and learning orientation on assessed organizational capabilities, Industrial marketing management, 31(6), 545-554.
13. Chesbrough, H. W. (2007). Why companies should have open business models, MIT Sloan management review, 48(2): 22-28.
14. Chughtai, A.A., & Buckley, F. (2010). Assessing the effects of organizational identification on in‐role job performance and learning behaviour: The mediating role of learning goal orientation, Personnel Review, 39(2), 242-258. https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481011017444
15. Clauss, T., Abebe, M., Tangpong, C., & Hock, M. (2019). Strategic agility, business model innovation, and firm performance: an empirical investigation, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 68(3), 767-784.
16. Ebrahimi, P., Shafiee, B., Gholampour, A., & Yousefi, L. (2018). Impact of organizational innovation, learning orientation and entrepreneurship on SME performance: The moderating role of market turbulence and ICT, In Competitiveness in emerging markets (pp. 447-480). Springer, Cham.
17. Ferreras-Méndez, J. L., Olmos-Peñuela, J., Salas-Vallina, A., & Alegre, J. (2021). Entrepreneurial orientation and new product development performance in SMEs: The mediating role of business model innovation, Technovation, 108, 1-13.
18. Fornell, C., & Larcker, D.F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error, Journal of Marketing Research, 18 (1), 39-50.
19. Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet, Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139–151.
20. Hair, J., Hollingsworth, C. L., Randolph, A. B., & Chong, A. Y. L. (2017). An updated and expanded assessment of PLS-SEM in information systems research, Industrial Management & Data Systems, 117(3), 442-458.
21. Hameed, W. U., Basheer, M. F., Iqbal, J., Anwar, A., & Ahmad, H. K. (2018). Determinants of Firm’s open innovation performance and the role of R & D department: an empirical evidence from Malaysian SME’s, Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 8(1), 1-20.
22. Hameed, W. U., Nisar, Q. A., & Wu, H. C. (2021). Relationships between external knowledge, internal innovation, firms’ open innovation performance, service innovation and business performance in the Pakistani hotel industry, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 92, 1-15.
23. Hanvanich, S., Sivakumar, K., & Hult, G. T. M. (2006). The relationship of learning and memory with organizational performance: the moderating role of turbulence, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 34(4), 600-612.
24. Harvey, J. F., Johnson, K. J., & Roloff, K. S. (2018). The Interplay between Learning Orientation, Openness and Psychological Safety in Team Learning, In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 2018, No. 1, p. 11101). Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510: Academy of Management.
25. Hult, G. T. M., Snow, C. C., & Kandemir, D. (2003). The role of entrepreneurship in building cultural competitiveness in different organizational types, Journal of management, 29(3), 401-426.
26. Ju, B., Lee, Y., Park, S., & Yoon, S. W. (2021). A meta-analytic review of the relationship between learning organization and organizational performance and employee attitudes: using the dimensions of learning organization questionnaire, Human Resource Development Review, 20(2), 207-251.
27. Kanten, P., Kanten, S., & Gurlek, M. (2015). The effects of organizational structures and learning organization on job embeddedness and individual adaptive performance, Procedia Economics and Finance, 23, 1358-1366.
28. Kim, S. D., & Jeon, I. O. (2016). Effects of Global Capabilities of Small and Medium Businesses on Their Competitive Advantage and Business Management Performances, International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems, 16(1), 52-58.
29. Kuutti, K., & Virkkunen, J. (1995). Organisational memory and learning network organisation: the case of Finnish labour protection inspectors, In Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (Vol. 4, pp. 313-322). IEEE.
30. Lai, C. S., Pai, D. C., Yang, C. F., & Lin, H. J. (2009). The effects of market orientation on relationship learning and relationship performance in industrial marketing: The dyadic perspectives, Industrial marketing management, 38(2), 166-172.
31. Lai, J. Y., Wang, J., Ulhas, K. R., & Chang, C. H. (2021). Aligning strategy with knowledge management system for improving innovation and business performance, Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 1-14.
32. Langerak, F., Hultink, E. J., & Robben, H. S. (2004). The impact of market orientation, product advantage, and launch proficiency on new product performance and organizational performance, Journal of product innovation management, 21(2), 79-94.
33. Leung, T. Y., & Sharma, P. (2021). Differences in the impact of R&D intensity and R&D internationalization on firm performance–Mediating role of innovation performance, Journal of Business Research, 131, 81-91.
34. Lin, C. Y., Huang, C. K., & Ko, C. J. (2020). The impact of perceived enjoyment on team effectiveness and individual learning in a blended learning business course: The mediating effect of knowledge sharing, Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 36(1), 126-141.
35. Lin, H. H., Yen, W. C., & Wang, Y. S. (2018). Investigating the effect of learning method and motivation on learning performance in a business simulation system context: An experimental study, Computers & Education, 127, 30-40.
36. Lita, R. P., Meuthia, M., Faisal, R. F., & Surya, S. (2018). SME’s innovative performance in Indonesia: The linkage between innovation culture and production performance, International Journal of Supply Chain Management, 7(4), 242-253.
37. Lukas, B. A., & Bell, S. J. (2000). Strategic market position and R&D capability in global manufacturing industries: Implications for organizational learning and organizational memory, Industrial Marketing Management, 29(6), 565-574.
38. Malik, P., & Garg, P. (2020). Learning organization and work engagement: The mediating role of employee resilience, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 31(8), 1071-1094.
39. Mardani, A., Nikoosokhan, S., Moradi, M., & Doustar, M. (2018). The relationship between knowledge management and innovation performance, The Journal of High Technology Management Research, 29(1), 12-26.
40. Martins, J.M., & Fernandes, M.T. (2015). Too small to innovate? Creating value with fewer resources, Journal of Business Strategy, 36(2), 25-33. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBS-02-2014-0014
41. Masroor, N., & Asim, M. (2019). SMEs in the contemporary era of global competition, Procedia Computer Science, 158, 632-641.
42. Najafi-Tavani, S., Najafi-Tavani, Z., Naudé, P., Oghazi, P., & Zeynaloo, E. (2018). How collaborative innovation networks affect new product performance: Product innovation capability, process innovation capability, and absorptive capacity, Industrial marketing management, 73, 193-205.
43. Nijssen, E. J., Hillebrand, B., Vermeulen, P. A., & Kemp, R. G. (2006). Exploring product and service innovation similarities and differences, International journal of research in marketing, 23(3), 241-251.
44. Nitzl, C., & Hirsch, B. (2016). The drivers of a superior’s trust formation in his subordinate, Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 12(4), 472-503. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-07-2015-0058
45. Nyachwaya, J. M., & Rugami, J. M. (2020). Competitive strategies and performance of commercial banks in Mombasa county, Kenya, International Journal of Business Management, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 2(1), 65-74.
46. Örtenblad, A. (2018). What does “learning organization” mean?, The Learning Organization, 25(3), 150-158. https://doi.org/10.1108/TLO-02-2018-0016
47. Prajogo, D. I., & Sohal, A. S. (2006). The integration of TQM and technology/R&D management in determining quality and innovation performance, Omega, 34(3), 296-312.
48. Prasongko, A., & Adianto, T. (2019). The Role of the Agile Leadership Model as a Competitive Advantage for the Future Leader in the Era of Globalization and Industrial Revolution 4.0, Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi ttg Kajian & Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism & Integrity, 5(3), 126-133.
49. Psomas, E., Kafetzopoulos, D., & Gotzamani, K. (2018). Determinants of company innovation and market performance, The TQM Journal, 30(1), 54-73. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-07-2017-0074
50. Puranam, P., & Maciejovsky, B. (2017). Organizational structure and organizational learning, Puranam, P., & Maciejovsky, B., Organizational Structure and Organizational Learning. In: L. Argote and JM Levine (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Group and Organizational Learning. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, Forthcoming, INSEAD Working Paper, (2017/33), 1-39.
51. Putra, A. A. G. A. P., Wahyuni, N. M., Yasa, P. N. S., & Giantari, I. G. A. K. (2020). Examining the linkage among market orientation, learning orientation and innovation performance: The mediation role of knowledge management, International Research Journal of Management, IT and Social Sciences, 7(6), 131-145.
52. Ratnawati, R. (2019). Partnership strategy and competitive advantage to improve the performance of MSMEs in the creative industry, Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 17(4), 668-676.
53. Ringle, C., Wende, S., & Will, A. (2005). SmartPLS 2.0 (Beta), Hamburg, (www.smartpls.de)
54. Robertson, J., Caruana, A., & Ferreira, C. (2021). Innovation performance: The effect of knowledge-based dynamic capabilities in cross-country innovation ecosystems, International Business Review, 101866.
55. Senge, P. M. (1990). The art and practice of the learning organization, the fifth discipline. Currency doubleday, London, UK.
56. Shubbak, M. H. (2019). The technological system of production and innovation: The case of photovoltaic technology in China, Research Policy, 48(4), 993-1015.
57. Srisathan, W. A., Ketkaew, C., & Naruetharadhol, P. (2020). The intervention of organizational sustainability in the effect of organizational culture on open innovation performance: A case of thai and chinese SMEs, Cogent business & management, 7(1), 1-28.
58. Tallman, S., Luo, Y., & Buckley, P. J. (2018). Business models in global competition, Global Strategy Journal, 8(4), 517-535.
59. Wang, L., Jin, J. L., Zhou, K. Z., Li, C. B., & Yin, E. (2020). Does customer participation hurt new product development performance? Customer role, product newness, and conflict, Journal of Business Research, 109, 246-259.
60. Wang, Y., & Lei, J. (2018). The action mechanism of team learning orientation in promoting team performance, Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 46(4), 581-596.
61. Wang, Z., & Zhou, Y. (2021). Business model innovation, legitimacy and performance: social enterprises in China, Management Decision, 59(11), 2693-2712. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-05-2019-0678
62. Widiartanto, S. (2013). The effect of transformational leadership on market orientation, learning orientation, organization innovation and organization performance, IOSR J. Bus. Manag, 12, 8-18.
63. Wong, K. K. K. (2013). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques using SmartPLS, Marketing Bulletin, 24(1), 1-32.
64. Xie, L. (2020). The impact of servant leadership and transformational leadership on learning organization: a comparative analysis, Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 41(2), 220-236. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-04-2019-0148
65. Xue, L. L., Shen, C. C., & Lin, C. N. (2022). Effects of Internet Technology on the Innovation Performance of Small-scale Travel Agencies: Organizational Learning Innovation and Competitive Advantage as Mediators, Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 1-26.
66. Yang, J., Su, J., & Song, L. (2019). Selection of manufacturing enterprise innovation design project based on consumer’s green preferences, Sustainability, 11(5), 1-16.