Sosyal Girişimcilik Niyetinin Karmaşık Örüntüsünün İzinde: Sosyal Girişimcilik Öncülleri, Duygusal Zekâ ve Kolektivizmin Rolü

Year 2024, , 454 - 481, 06.12.2024

Meral Dülger Taşkın

https://doi.org/10.54452/jrb.1396376

Abstract

Sosyal girişimcilik, sosyal zorlukların ele alınmasında önemli bir rol oynayan ve büyüyen bir alandır. Hem kârlılık hem de toplum üzerinde olumlu etki yaratma potansiyelleri nedeniyle sosyal girişimciler yeni neslin ilgisini çekmektedir. Geleceğin girişimcileri olma ihtimalleri nedeniyle, işletme öğrencilerinin konuya yaklaşımı önemlidir. Sosyal girişimcilik niyeti, bireyin sosyal bir sorunu çözmek için bir iş kurmayı planlama eğilimini ifade eder. Sosyal girişimcilik, bireysel kazanç ötesinde sosyal fayda sağlamayı hedeflediği için, sosyal girişimcilik niyetini etkileyen faktörlerin hem bireysel hem de bağlamsal olarak incelenmesi konuyu daha fazla aydınlatabilir. Dolayısıyla, sosyal girişimcilik niyetinin bireyin bilgi, duyarlılık, sosyal sorumluluk arzusu ve duygusal zekâ düzeyine dayandığı düşünülmektedir. Dahası, gruba bireyden daha fazla değer veren kültürel bir yönelim olan kolektivizmin, benzer varsayımları paylaşması nedeniyle sosyal girişimcilik niyetinde rol oynayabileceği öngörülmektedir. Ancak, özellikle duygusal zekânın ve bireysel bir değişken olarak kolektivizmin sosyal girişimcilik niyeti üzerindeki etkisi ile ilgili yazın oldukça sınırlıdır. Bu doğrultuda, bu çalışma, sosyal girişimcilik niyetini etkileyen öncüllerin, duygusal zekânın ve kolektivizmin işletme fakültesi öğrencilerinin sosyal girişimcilik niyeti üzerindeki etkisini Planlı Davranış Teorisi çerçevesinde araştırmaktadır. 236 öğrenciden toplanan anket verileri kullanılarak yapılan regresyon analizleri sosyal girişimcilik öncülleri ve duygusal zekâ ile sosyal girişimcilik niyeti arasında olumlu ve anlamlı ilişkiler olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, sosyal girişimcilik öncüllerinden “Ahlaki ve Sosyal Görev” ve “Öz Yeterlilik ve Sosyal Destek”in ve duygusal zekânın alt boyutlarından “Sosyal Farkındalık” ile "Kendi Kendini Yönetme"nin sosyal girişimcilik niyetine en fazla katkıda bulunduğu saptanmıştır. Kolektivizm düzeyi yüksek öğrencilerin sosyal girişimcilik niyetinin ise daha yüksek olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bulgular, sosyal girişimciliği teşvik etmeyi amaçlayan eğitim kurumları, karar vericiler ile girişimci adayları için çıkarımlar sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Sosyal girişimcilik, sosyal girişimcilik niyeti, sosyal girişimcilik öncülleri, duygusal zekâ, kolektivizm

Tracing the Complexities of Social Entrepreneurship Intention: The Role of Social Entrepreneurship Antecedents, Emotional Intelligence, and Collectivism

Abstract

Social entrepreneurship is a growing field that plays an important role in addressing social and environmental challenges. Social entrepreneurs are attracting the attention of the new generation due to their potential for both profitability and positive impact on society. The approach of business students is crucial as they have the potential to become future entrepreneurs. Social entrepreneurship intention signifies an individual's inclination to establish a business to address a social issue. Examining factors rooted in an individual's knowledge, awareness, social responsibility aspirations, and emotional intelligence with respect to social entrepreneurship intention can provide further insights. Additionally, collectivism is predicted to play a role in social entrepreneurship intention as it highlights valuing the group over the individual. However, literature on the impact of emotional intelligence and collectivism as an individual variable on social entrepreneurship intention is scarce. Hence, this study investigates the impact of social entrepreneurship antecedents, emotional intelligence, and collectivism on social entrepreneurship intention of business students using the Planned Behavior Theory framework. Cross-sectional data collected from 236 students indicate positive and significant relationships between social entrepreneurship antecedents, emotional intelligence, and social entrepreneurship intention. Furthermore, the sub-dimensions of "Ethical and Social Duty" and "Self-Efficacy and Social Support" of social entrepreneurship antecedents, and the sub-dimensions of "Social Awareness" and "Self-Management" of emotional intelligence contribute the most to social entrepreneurship intention. High levels of collectivism correlate with higher social entrepreneurship intention among students. The findings offer insights for educational institutions, policymakers, aiming to promote social entrepreneurship as well as aspiring entrepreneurs.

Keywords

Social entrepreneurhsip, social entrepreneurship intention, social entrepreneurship antecedents, emotional intelligence, collectivism

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