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A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON WORK-LIFE BALANCE OF TURKISH EMPLOYEES IN VARIOUS SECTORS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 493 - 509, 23.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.54452/jrb.970545

Abstract

During the Covid-19 pandemic, which is a very new process and we are in, many organizations had to quickly adapt to the home working/remote working system. Especially in order to ensure the health and safety of employees, many organizations have switched to working from home and even some organizations are still continuing this process. This article is a research article and aims to reveal the work life balance of employees and statistical differences in terms of various characteristics during the Covid-19 pandemic process. The research was conducted using a survey with a total of 165 employees. SPSS 24 Package program was used in the analysis of the data. According to the results of the research, the work life balance of the employees during the pandemic process differs statistically significantly according to gender, age, marital status, lifestyle, sector and position. Work life balance does not show a statistically significant difference in terms of having children, education level and receiving phone/email outside of working hours. When the average daily working hours of the employees before the pandemic and the average daily working hours during / after the pandemic are compared, it is revealed that there are changes in working hours.

References

  • 4857 Sayılı İş Kanunu, https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5.4857.pdf
  • Adisa, T.A., Aiyenitaju, O. & Adekoya, O.D. (2021). The work–family balance of British working women during the COVID-19 pandemic, Journal of Work-Applied Management.
  • Akın, A., Ulukök, E., Arar, T. (2017). İş-yaşam dengesi: Türkiye’de yapılan çalışmalara yönelik teorik bir inceleme, Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 19 (1), 113-124.
  • Bhumika. (2020). Challenges for work–life balance during covid-19 induced nationwide lockdown: exploring gender difference in emotional exhaustion in the Indian setting, Gender in Management, 35 (7/8), 705-718.
  • Del Boca, D., Pggero, N., Profeta, P. & Rossi, M.C. (2020). Women’s work, housework, and childcare before and during covid-19, IZA Institute of Labor Economics, No. 13409.
  • Gigauri, I. (2020). Effects of Covid-19 on human resource management from the perspective of digitalization and work-life-balance, International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Economy, 4 (31), 1-10.
  • Greenhaus, J.H., Collins, K.M. & Shaw, J.D. (2003). The relation between work-family balance and, quality of life, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63 (3), 510–531.
  • Hughes, J. & Bozionelos, N. (2007). Work‐life balance as source of job dissatisfaction and withdrawal attitudes: An exploratory study on the views of male workers, Personnel Review, 36 (1), 145-154.
  • ILO (2020). Covid-19 ortamında ve sonrasında uzaktan çalışma, https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---europe/---ro-geneva/---ilo ankara/documents/publication/wcms_759299.pdf
  • Irawanto, D.W., Novianti, K.R. & Roz, K. (2021). Work from home: measuring satisfaction between work–life balance and work stress during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia, Economies, 9 (96).
  • Johari, J., Yean Tan, F. & Zulkarnain, Z.I.T. (2018). Autonomy, workload, work-life balance and job performance among teachers, International Journal of Educational Management, 32 (1), 107-120.
  • Kalliath, T. & Brough, P. (2008). Work-life balance: A review of the meaning of the balance construct”, Journal of Management & Organization, 14 (3), 323–327.
  • Kirchmeyer, C. (2000). Work–life initiatives: greed or benevolence regarding workers’ time C.L. Cooper, D.M. Rousseau (Eds.), Trends in organisational behaviour, 7, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 79-93.
  • Kumar, R. & Mokashi, U.M. (2020). COVID-19 and Work-life balance: What about supervisor support and employee proactiveness?, Annals of Contemporary Developments in Management & HR, 2 (4), 1-9.
  • Marketing Türkiye, (2020). https://www.marketingturkiye.com.tr/haberler/is-yasam-dengesinde-sampiyon-ilac-sektoru/
  • Netemeyer, R.G., Boles, J. & McMurrian, R. (1996). Development and validation of work, family conflict and family work conflict scales, Journal of Applied Psychology, 81 (4), 400-410.
  • Putranti, H.R.D., Suparmi, S. & Susilo, A. (2020). Work life balance (WLB) complexity and performance of employees during Covid-19 pandemic, Journal of Business Management and Accounting, 4 (1), 56-68.
  • Rajkumar, R.P. (2020). Covid-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literatüre, Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 52.
  • IGHI, (2020). Institute of Global Health Innovation, Global insights on life satisfaction – Covid-19 behaviour tracker, Imperial College London, Technical Report July 2020.
  • Sarker, S., Xiao, X., Sarker, S., Ahuja, M. (2012). Managing employees’ use of mobile technologies to minimize work / life balance, Impacts, MIS Quarterly Executive, 11 (4), 143-157.
  • Sipahi, B. Yurtkoru, E. S., Çinko, M. (2008). Sosyal Bilimlerde SPSS’le Veri Analizi, İstanbul: Beta Basım Yayım Dağıtım.
  • Uddin, M. (2021). Addressing work-life balance challenges of working women during covid-19 in Bangladesh, International Social Science Journal, 71 (239-240), 7-20. UNDP, Covid-19 Pandemic, https://www.tr.undp.org/content/turkey/en/home/coronavirus.html
  • WHO, (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report–51, (11.02.202 report), https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200311-sitrep-51-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=1ba62e57_10
  • Wolor, C.W., Solikhah, S., Fidhyallah, N.F. & Lestari, D.P. (2020). Effectiveness of e-training, e-leadership, and work life balance on employee performance during Covid-19, Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7 (10), 443–450.
  • Yavuz, N. & Doğan, A. (2019). İş stresinin iş-yaşam dengesi üzerindeki etkisinin esnek çalışma bağlamında test edilmesi, İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 18 (35), 41-62.

COVİD-19 PANDEMİSİ SIRASINDA ÇEŞİTLİ SEKTÖRLERDEKİ TÜRK ÇALIŞANLARIN İŞ-YAŞAM DENGESİ ÜZERİNE BETİMLEYİCİ BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 493 - 509, 23.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.54452/jrb.970545

Abstract

Çok yeni bir süreç olan ve içinde bulunduğumuz Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde birçok organizasyonun hızlı şekilde evden çalışma/uzaktan çalışma sistemine adapte olması gerekmiştir. Özellikle çalışanların sağlıklarını ve güvenliklerini sağlayabilmek adına birçok organizasyon evden çalışma sistemine geçmiş ve hatta bazı organizasyonlar bu süreci halen devam ettirmektedir. Bu makale, bir araştırma makalesi olup Covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde çalışanların iş-yaşam dengelerini ve çeşitli özellikler açısından istatistiksel farklılıkları ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, toplamda 165 çalışan ile anket kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 24 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, çalışanların pandemi sürecindeki iş-yaşam dengesi cinsiyete, yaşa, medeni duruma, yaşam tarzına, çalıştıkları sektöre ve pozisyona göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde farklılaşmaktadır. İş yaşam dengesi çocuk sahibi olma, eğitim seviyesi ve mesai dışında telefon/mail alma durumuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık görülmediği saptanmıştır.

References

  • 4857 Sayılı İş Kanunu, https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5.4857.pdf
  • Adisa, T.A., Aiyenitaju, O. & Adekoya, O.D. (2021). The work–family balance of British working women during the COVID-19 pandemic, Journal of Work-Applied Management.
  • Akın, A., Ulukök, E., Arar, T. (2017). İş-yaşam dengesi: Türkiye’de yapılan çalışmalara yönelik teorik bir inceleme, Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 19 (1), 113-124.
  • Bhumika. (2020). Challenges for work–life balance during covid-19 induced nationwide lockdown: exploring gender difference in emotional exhaustion in the Indian setting, Gender in Management, 35 (7/8), 705-718.
  • Del Boca, D., Pggero, N., Profeta, P. & Rossi, M.C. (2020). Women’s work, housework, and childcare before and during covid-19, IZA Institute of Labor Economics, No. 13409.
  • Gigauri, I. (2020). Effects of Covid-19 on human resource management from the perspective of digitalization and work-life-balance, International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Economy, 4 (31), 1-10.
  • Greenhaus, J.H., Collins, K.M. & Shaw, J.D. (2003). The relation between work-family balance and, quality of life, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63 (3), 510–531.
  • Hughes, J. & Bozionelos, N. (2007). Work‐life balance as source of job dissatisfaction and withdrawal attitudes: An exploratory study on the views of male workers, Personnel Review, 36 (1), 145-154.
  • ILO (2020). Covid-19 ortamında ve sonrasında uzaktan çalışma, https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---europe/---ro-geneva/---ilo ankara/documents/publication/wcms_759299.pdf
  • Irawanto, D.W., Novianti, K.R. & Roz, K. (2021). Work from home: measuring satisfaction between work–life balance and work stress during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia, Economies, 9 (96).
  • Johari, J., Yean Tan, F. & Zulkarnain, Z.I.T. (2018). Autonomy, workload, work-life balance and job performance among teachers, International Journal of Educational Management, 32 (1), 107-120.
  • Kalliath, T. & Brough, P. (2008). Work-life balance: A review of the meaning of the balance construct”, Journal of Management & Organization, 14 (3), 323–327.
  • Kirchmeyer, C. (2000). Work–life initiatives: greed or benevolence regarding workers’ time C.L. Cooper, D.M. Rousseau (Eds.), Trends in organisational behaviour, 7, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 79-93.
  • Kumar, R. & Mokashi, U.M. (2020). COVID-19 and Work-life balance: What about supervisor support and employee proactiveness?, Annals of Contemporary Developments in Management & HR, 2 (4), 1-9.
  • Marketing Türkiye, (2020). https://www.marketingturkiye.com.tr/haberler/is-yasam-dengesinde-sampiyon-ilac-sektoru/
  • Netemeyer, R.G., Boles, J. & McMurrian, R. (1996). Development and validation of work, family conflict and family work conflict scales, Journal of Applied Psychology, 81 (4), 400-410.
  • Putranti, H.R.D., Suparmi, S. & Susilo, A. (2020). Work life balance (WLB) complexity and performance of employees during Covid-19 pandemic, Journal of Business Management and Accounting, 4 (1), 56-68.
  • Rajkumar, R.P. (2020). Covid-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literatüre, Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 52.
  • IGHI, (2020). Institute of Global Health Innovation, Global insights on life satisfaction – Covid-19 behaviour tracker, Imperial College London, Technical Report July 2020.
  • Sarker, S., Xiao, X., Sarker, S., Ahuja, M. (2012). Managing employees’ use of mobile technologies to minimize work / life balance, Impacts, MIS Quarterly Executive, 11 (4), 143-157.
  • Sipahi, B. Yurtkoru, E. S., Çinko, M. (2008). Sosyal Bilimlerde SPSS’le Veri Analizi, İstanbul: Beta Basım Yayım Dağıtım.
  • Uddin, M. (2021). Addressing work-life balance challenges of working women during covid-19 in Bangladesh, International Social Science Journal, 71 (239-240), 7-20. UNDP, Covid-19 Pandemic, https://www.tr.undp.org/content/turkey/en/home/coronavirus.html
  • WHO, (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report–51, (11.02.202 report), https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200311-sitrep-51-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=1ba62e57_10
  • Wolor, C.W., Solikhah, S., Fidhyallah, N.F. & Lestari, D.P. (2020). Effectiveness of e-training, e-leadership, and work life balance on employee performance during Covid-19, Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7 (10), 443–450.
  • Yavuz, N. & Doğan, A. (2019). İş stresinin iş-yaşam dengesi üzerindeki etkisinin esnek çalışma bağlamında test edilmesi, İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 18 (35), 41-62.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Business Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nihan Yavuz Aksakal 0000-0002-1603-2520

Publication Date December 23, 2021
Submission Date July 12, 2021
Acceptance Date November 22, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yavuz Aksakal, N. (2021). A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON WORK-LIFE BALANCE OF TURKISH EMPLOYEES IN VARIOUS SECTORS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC. Journal of Research in Business, 6(2), 493-509. https://doi.org/10.54452/jrb.970545