THE BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIES: DO WE REALLY KNOW WHAT WE ARE TALKING ABOUT?

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 249 - 260, 27.06.2022

E. Serra Yurtkoru , Mustafa Agaoglu

https://doi.org/10.54452/jrb.1023399

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to give insights into individuals’ perceptions of blockchain technologies (BCT). A model is constructed to explore drivers of BCT use and tested empirically using structural equation modeling (SEM) to survey data. Data is collected from a sample of 300 working individuals with engineering and business backgrounds and a multi-item questionnaire is used. Results indicated that reputation affects attitude towards BCT through perceived usefulness and perceived risk and intention to do transactions via BCT can be explained by attitude towards BCT. Intention to use BCT was quite high among the respondents and interestingly their educational backgrounds did not have any effect.

Keywords

Blockchain technologies (BCT), Perceived usefulness, Perceived risk, Reputation, Attitude towards BCT

THE BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIES: DO WE REALLY KNOW WHAT WE ARE TALKING ABOUT?

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, bireylerin blok zincir teknolojilerine (BZT) ilişkin algılarını incelemektir. BZT kullanımını etkileyen unsurları keşfetmek için oluşturulan teorik model yapısal eşitlik modellemesi (YEM) kullanılarak ampirik olarak test edilmiştir. Araştırmada veriler, mühendislik ve işletme eğitimi geçmişine sahip 300 çalışandan oluşan bir örneklemden toplanmış ve çok maddeli bir anket kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, itibarın algılanan fayda ve algılanan risk üzerinden BZT'ye karşı tutumu etkilediğini ve BZT'ye karşı tutumun BZT aracılığıyla işlem yapma niyeti ile açıkladığını göstermekledir. Katılımcılar arasında BZT'yi kullanma niyeti oldukça yüksek bulunmuştur ve ilginç bir şekilde sonuçlar eğitim geçmişlerinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi olmadığını ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

Blokzincir teknolojileri (BZT), Algılanan fayda, Algılanan risk, İtibar, BZT

References

• Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior (pp. 11–39). In Action control from cognition to behavior. Eds. Julius Kuhl & Jürgen Beckman. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
• Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes 50(2), 1991: 179-211.
• Altay Topcu, B. & Sümerli Sarıgül, S. (2020). Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Blok Zinciri Teknolojisi: Finans Sektörü, Dış Ticaret ve Vergisel Düzenlemeler Üzerine Genel Bir Değerlendirme. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (18), 27-39.
• Boyd, B. K., Bergh, D. D., & Ketchen, D. J. (2010). Reconsidering the Reputation - Performance Relationship: A Resource-Based View. Journal of Management, 36(3), 588-609. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206308328507
• BTK (2020). Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Kurumu Kripto para araştırma raporu kripto para araştırma raporu https://www.btk.gov.tr/uploads/pages/arastirma-raporlari/kripto-para-raporu-5f11dfe709c25.pdf
• CoinGecko (2021). Türkiye'de Kripto Para Farkındalığı 2021. https://assets.coingecko.com/ reports/Surveys/2021-Turkey-Cryptocurrency-Survey-Turkish-Translation.pdf
• COINTRAL (2019). Ripple Teknolojisi Kullanan Akbank, Blockchain Kullanan İlk Türk Bankası Oldu!. https://cointral.com/tr/ripple-teknolojisi-kullanan-akbank-blockchain-kullanan-ilk-turk-bankasi-oldu/
• Crosby, M., Nachiappan., Pattanayak, P., Verma, S. & Kalyanaraman, V. (2016). BlockChain Technology: Beyond Bitcoin. Applied Innovation Review, 2, 6-19.
• Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3): 319-40.
• Deloitte (2018). Blokzincir potansiyelinin keşfi 2018 Yılı Türkiye Blokzincir Araştırması Deloitte https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/tr/Documents/consulting/blokzincir-potansiyelinin-kesfi.pdf
• Deloitte (2019). Deloitte’s 2019 Global Blockchain survey Blockchain gets down to business. Deloitte https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/se/Documents/risk/DI_2019-global-blockchain-survey.pdf
• Deloitte (2021). Deloitte’s 2021 Global Blockchain survey A new age of digital assets. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/insights/articles/US144337_Blockchain-survey/DI_Blockchain-survey.pdf
• Fornell, C. & Larcker, F.D. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error, Journal of Marketing Research, 18. 39-50.
• Gartner (2017). Forecast: Blockchain Business Value, Worldwide, 2017-2030. Gartner Research. https://www.gartner.com/en/documents/3627117/forecast-blockchain-business-value-worldwide-2017-2030
• Hair Jr., F.J., Black, C.W., Babin, J.B. & Anderson, E.R. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis: A global perspective 7th Ed., Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall Inc.
• Hughes, A., Park, A., Kietzmann, J. & Archer-Brown, C. (2019). Beyond Bitcoin: What blockchain and distributed ledger technologies mean for firms. Business Horizons 62, 273—281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2019.01.002
• İBB (2021). İBB’den kamuda bir ilk: Blokzincir projesi. https://www.ibb.istanbul/arsiv/38249/ibbden-kamuda-bir-ilk-blokzincir-projesi
• Im, I., Kim, Y. & Han, H. (2008). The effects of perceived risk and technology type on users’ acceptance of technologies. Information & Management. 45, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2007.03.005.
• Jaoude, J. A. & Saade, R. (2017). Blockchain Factors for Consumer Acceptance. The International Journal of Business Management and Technology, 10(10), 16-29.
• Javernpaa, S.L., Tractinsky, N., & Vitale, M. (2000). Consumer trust in an internet store. Information Technology and Management, 1, 45-71. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019104520776
• Kim, D.J., Ferrin, D.L., & Rao, H.R. (2008). A trust-based consumer decision-making model in electronic commerce: The role of trust, perceived risk, and their antecedents. Decision Support Systems, 44(2), 544-564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2007.07.00
• Kimani, D., Adams, K., Attah-Boakye, R., Ullah, S., Frecknall-Hughes, J. & Kim, J. (2020). Blockchain, business and the fourth industrial revolution: Whence, whither, wherefore and how? Technological Forecasting & Social Change 161, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120254
• Mathieson, K., Peacock, E. & Chin, W. W. (2001). Extending the Technology Acceptance Model: The Influence of Perceived User Resources. The DATA BASE for Advances in Information Systems, 32(3). 86-112.
• Netemeyer, R.G., Bearden, W.O. & Sharma, S. (2003). Scaling procedures: Issues and applications, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publication.
• Paribu (2020). Paribu, Türkiye’nin enkapsamlı kripto paraaraştırma raporunu açıkladı. https://www.paribu.com/blog/haberler/paribu-turkiyenin-en-kapsamli-kripto-para-arastirma-raporunu-acikladi/
• Pavlou, P.A. (2003). Consumer Acceptance of Electronic Commerce: Integrating Trust and Risk with Technology Acceptance Model. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 7(3), 101-134.
• PwC (2018). PwC’s Global Blockchain Survey 2018. PwC. https://www.pwccn.com/global-blockchain-survey-2018
• PwC (2020). PwC Time for Trust Report. Time for trust: How blockchain will transform business and the economy. PwC. https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/industries/technology/publications/blockchain-report-transform-business-economy.html
• TÜBİSAD (2018). Türkiye’nin ilk tedarik zinciri projesi IBM ile hayata geçiyor: https://www.tubisad.org.tr/tr/guncel/detay/Turkiyenin-ilk-tedarik-zinciri-blokchain-projesi-IBM-ile-hayata-geciyor/33/1240/0
• Uçkun, N. & Dal, L. (2021). Kripto Para Yatırımcılarında Finansal Risk Toleransı. Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi. 89, 155-170. https://doi.org//10.25095/mufad.852118
• Upadhyay, N. (2020). Demystifying blockchain: A critical analysis of challenges, applications and opportunities. International Journal of Information Management 54, 1-26.
• World Economic Forum. (2018). The next Economic Growth Engine: Scaling Fourth Industrial Revolution Technologies in Production. World Economic Forum. http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Technology_and_Innovation_The_Next_Economic_Growth_ Engine.pdf.
• Zheng, Z. Xie, S., Dai, H., Chen, X. & Wang, H. (2017). An Overview of Blockchain Technology: Architecture, Consensus, and Future Trends. 2017 IEEE 6th International Congress on Big Data. 557-564. https://doi 10.1109/BigDataCongress.2017.85.