Acidified ethanolic extract of ‘Sembada Hitam’ black rice bran protect cell cycle and cellular senescence of H2O2-induced NIH3T3 fibroblasts

Arneta Yuvita; Putri Nur Aida; Ester Dewanti Yovita Wardani; Fadiah Sri Rahayu; Istiqomah Istiqomah; Matilda Jesseline Gabriela Giovanni; Syifa' Aulia Rahmah; Yekti Asih Purwestri; Ardaning Nuriliani

doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1624339

Acidified ethanolic extract of ‘Sembada Hitam’ black rice bran protect cell cycle and cellular senescence of H2O2-induced NIH3T3 fibroblasts

Abstract

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) a reactive oxygen species formed by the body, which in high concentrations leads to cellular senescence. Bran of ‘Sembada Hitam’ black rice is rich in antioxidants that may protect cells from oxidative damage. This research evaluates the potential of Sembada Hitam Bran – Acidified Ethanolic Extract (SHB-AEE) in preserving cell cycle progression and mitigating senescence in NIH3T3 fibroblasts exposed to H2O2. SHB-AEE were obtained through maceration using a mixture of 85 mL ethanol absolute and 15 mL HCl 1N as an acid modifier. The cytotoxicity of SHB-AEE was determined using the MTT assay. Based on cytotoxicity results, NIH3T3 were sybsequenly treated with specific concentrations of H2O2 and SHB-AEE for cell cycle analysis via flow cytometry and senescence-associated-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining. Data were analyzed with ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD for cytotoxicity, cytoprotective, and SA-β-Gal assay or Duncan Test for cell cycle data (p ≤ 0.05). Results showed that SHB-AEE was non-cytotoxic, maintaining cell viability above 80%. At low concentrations, SHB-AEE promoted normal cell cycle progression and reduced senescence in NIH3T3 fibroblasts under oxidative stress. However, at high concentrations, it exhibited the opposite effect, indicating a strong dose-dependent response. These findings suggest that SHB-AEE has potential antioxidant and cytoprotective properties against oxidative stress-induced senescence, but further studies are required to elucidate its molecular mechanisms and optimize treatment concentration for maximum cytoprotection.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Project Number

1193/UN1/FBI.1/KSA/PT.01.03/2024

Ethical Statement

This study was approved by the Medical and Health Research Ethics Committee (MHREC) at Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada – DR. Sardjito General Hospital (Approval No: KE/FK/1589/EC/2023). No human or animal subjects were directly involved in this research; the study was conducted using animal cell lines.

Thanks

The authors are grateful for a part of the research that was partly funded by Lecturer Students Collaboration Research Grant No: 1193/UN1/FBI.1/KSA/PT.01.03/2024, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada. This grant supported the stages of data collection and analysis during the study.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Basic Pharmacology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Arneta Yuvita
0009-0007-1007-263X
Indonesia

Putri Nur Aida
0009-0002-2102-1604
Indonesia

Ester Dewanti Yovita Wardani
0009-0002-1078-8615
Indonesia

Fadiah Sri Rahayu
0009-0006-3084-2817
Indonesia

Istiqomah Istiqomah
0009-0006-9635-1666
Indonesia

Matilda Jesseline Gabriela Giovanni
0009-0009-6919-5575
Indonesia

Syifa' Aulia Rahmah
0009-0009-2467-9963
Indonesia

Yekti Asih Purwestri
0000-0002-7032-9253
Indonesia

Ardaning Nuriliani ^*
0000-0001-6782-4694
Indonesia

Publication Date

January 11, 2026

Submission Date

January 21, 2025

Acceptance Date

April 5, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 30 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1624339

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA65ST43DX

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Yuvita, A., Aida, P. N., Wardani, E. D. Y., Rahayu, F. S., Istiqomah, I., Giovanni, M. J. G., Rahmah, S. A., Purwestri, Y. A., & Nuriliani, A. (2026). Acidified ethanolic extract of ‘Sembada Hitam’ black rice bran protect cell cycle and cellular senescence of H2O2-induced NIH3T3 fibroblasts. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 30(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1624339

AMA

1.Yuvita A, Aida PN, Wardani EDY, et al. Acidified ethanolic extract of ‘Sembada Hitam’ black rice bran protect cell cycle and cellular senescence of H2O2-induced NIH3T3 fibroblasts. J. Res. Pharm. 2026;30(1):1-12. doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1624339

Chicago

Yuvita, Arneta, Putri Nur Aida, Ester Dewanti Yovita Wardani, et al. 2026. “Acidified Ethanolic Extract of ‘Sembada Hitam’ Black Rice Bran Protect Cell Cycle and Cellular Senescence of H2O2-Induced NIH3T3 Fibroblasts”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 30 (1): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1624339.

EndNote

Yuvita A, Aida PN, Wardani EDY, Rahayu FS, Istiqomah I, Giovanni MJG, Rahmah SA, Purwestri YA, Nuriliani A (January 1, 2026) Acidified ethanolic extract of ‘Sembada Hitam’ black rice bran protect cell cycle and cellular senescence of H2O2-induced NIH3T3 fibroblasts. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 30 1 1–12.

IEEE

[1]A. Yuvita et al., “Acidified ethanolic extract of ‘Sembada Hitam’ black rice bran protect cell cycle and cellular senescence of H2O2-induced NIH3T3 fibroblasts”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 1–12, Jan. 2026, doi: 10.12991/jrespharm.1624339.

ISNAD

Yuvita, Arneta - Aida, Putri Nur - Wardani, Ester Dewanti Yovita - Rahayu, Fadiah Sri - Istiqomah, Istiqomah - Giovanni, Matilda Jesseline Gabriela - Rahmah, Syifa’ Aulia - Purwestri, Yekti Asih - Nuriliani, Ardaning. “Acidified Ethanolic Extract of ‘Sembada Hitam’ Black Rice Bran Protect Cell Cycle and Cellular Senescence of H2O2-Induced NIH3T3 Fibroblasts”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 30/1 (January 1, 2026): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1624339.

JAMA

1.Yuvita A, Aida PN, Wardani EDY, Rahayu FS, Istiqomah I, Giovanni MJG, Rahmah SA, Purwestri YA, Nuriliani A. Acidified ethanolic extract of ‘Sembada Hitam’ black rice bran protect cell cycle and cellular senescence of H2O2-induced NIH3T3 fibroblasts. J. Res. Pharm. 2026;30:1–12.

MLA

Yuvita, Arneta, et al. “Acidified Ethanolic Extract of ‘Sembada Hitam’ Black Rice Bran Protect Cell Cycle and Cellular Senescence of H2O2-Induced NIH3T3 Fibroblasts”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 30, no. 1, Jan. 2026, pp. 1-12, doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1624339.

Vancouver

1.Arneta Yuvita, Putri Nur Aida, Ester Dewanti Yovita Wardani, Fadiah Sri Rahayu, Istiqomah Istiqomah, Matilda Jesseline Gabriela Giovanni, Syifa’ Aulia Rahmah, Yekti Asih Purwestri, Ardaning Nuriliani. Acidified ethanolic extract of ‘Sembada Hitam’ black rice bran protect cell cycle and cellular senescence of H2O2-induced NIH3T3 fibroblasts. J. Res. Pharm. 2026 Jan. 1;30(1):1-12. doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1624339