Saliva versus plasma therapeutic drug monitoring of carbamazepine in Jordanian patients

Laith Alshouha; Haya Tuffaha; Aya Al-tarawneh; Majed Abdelqader; Asma Zinati; Ahmad Al-ghazawi; Ayman Rabayah; Salim Hamadi; Nasir Idkaidek

Saliva versus plasma therapeutic drug monitoring of carbamazepine in Jordanian patients

Abstract

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a helpful method to make sure that drugs are prescribed, delivered, and experienced by patients at the intended therapeutic levels. There are several ways to carry out TDM. The TDM of carbamazepine utilizing salivary samples is not, however, supported by enough data. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of utilizing salivary samples in place of plasma samples for the TDM of carbamazepine. In this study, an observational design was used. Where 14 patients in total took part. For comparison, carbamazepine plasma and salivary samples were taken at maximum and minimum levels. Carbamazepine levels were tested using calibrated LC MS-MS then ANOVA test was used for statistical analysis. Obtaining ethical permission came before sample collection. The minimum plasma and salivary levels concentrations were significantly correlated (p = 0.025, r=0.59). Maximum plasma and salivary levels of carbamazepine concentrations were significantly correlated (p = 0.005, r=0.7). AST was significantly correlated with maximum plasma carbamazepine concentrations (p = 0.036, r = 0.8). No other significant relationships were found between carbamazepine concentrations and sociodemographic characteristics. In conclusion, saliva samples can be used as an alternative to plasma samples while monitoring the therapeutic effects of carbamazepine. Compared to plasma TDM for carbamazepine, salivary TDM offers the benefit of being non-invasive and safer than blood sampling.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pharmaceutical Sciences

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Laith Alshouha
0009-0008-8649-7666
Jordan

Haya Tuffaha
0009-0008-5235-5272
Jordan

Aya Al-tarawneh This is me
0009-0004-7608-1182
Jordan

Majed Abdelqader This is me
0009-0001-8945-680X
Jordan

Asma Zinati This is me
0009-0009-1111-375X
Jordan

Ahmad Al-ghazawi
0009-0004-1222-4105
Jordan

Ayman Rabayah
0009-0004-4999-2159
Jordan

Salim Hamadi This is me
0000-0003-2534-7900
Jordan

Nasir Idkaidek ^*
0000-0003-3115-4240
Jordan

Publication Date

June 28, 2025

Submission Date

November 14, 2023

Acceptance Date

January 3, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 2024 Volume: 28 Number: 2

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA32LR29LC

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Alshouha, L., Tuffaha, H., Al-tarawneh, A., Abdelqader, M., Zinati, A., Al-ghazawi, A., Rabayah, A., Hamadi, S., & Idkaidek, N. (2025). Saliva versus plasma therapeutic drug monitoring of carbamazepine in Jordanian patients. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 28(2), 494-504. https://izlik.org/JA32LR29LC

AMA

1.Alshouha L, Tuffaha H, Al-tarawneh A, et al. Saliva versus plasma therapeutic drug monitoring of carbamazepine in Jordanian patients. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;28(2):494-504. https://izlik.org/JA32LR29LC

Chicago

Alshouha, Laith, Haya Tuffaha, Aya Al-tarawneh, et al. 2025. “Saliva versus Plasma Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Carbamazepine in Jordanian Patients”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 28 (2): 494-504. https://izlik.org/JA32LR29LC.

EndNote

Alshouha L, Tuffaha H, Al-tarawneh A, Abdelqader M, Zinati A, Al-ghazawi A, Rabayah A, Hamadi S, Idkaidek N (June 1, 2025) Saliva versus plasma therapeutic drug monitoring of carbamazepine in Jordanian patients. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 28 2 494–504.

IEEE

[1]L. Alshouha et al., “Saliva versus plasma therapeutic drug monitoring of carbamazepine in Jordanian patients”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 494–504, June 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA32LR29LC

ISNAD

Alshouha, Laith - Tuffaha, Haya - Al-tarawneh, Aya - Abdelqader, Majed - Zinati, Asma - Al-ghazawi, Ahmad - Rabayah, Ayman - Hamadi, Salim - Idkaidek, Nasir. “Saliva versus Plasma Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Carbamazepine in Jordanian Patients”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 28/2 (June 1, 2025): 494-504. https://izlik.org/JA32LR29LC.

JAMA

1.Alshouha L, Tuffaha H, Al-tarawneh A, Abdelqader M, Zinati A, Al-ghazawi A, Rabayah A, Hamadi S, Idkaidek N. Saliva versus plasma therapeutic drug monitoring of carbamazepine in Jordanian patients. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;28:494–504.

MLA

Alshouha, Laith, et al. “Saliva versus Plasma Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Carbamazepine in Jordanian Patients”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 28, no. 2, June 2025, pp. 494-0, https://izlik.org/JA32LR29LC.

Vancouver

1.Laith Alshouha, Haya Tuffaha, Aya Al-tarawneh, Majed Abdelqader, Asma Zinati, Ahmad Al-ghazawi, Ayman Rabayah, Salim Hamadi, Nasir Idkaidek. Saliva versus plasma therapeutic drug monitoring of carbamazepine in Jordanian patients. J. Res. Pharm. [Internet]. 2025 Jun. 1;28(2):494-50. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA32LR29LC