Evaluation of in vitro antioxidants activities, hepatoprotective and haematological effects of ethanol extract of Anthocleista vogelii stem bark (AVSB) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced rats

Robert Uroko; Chinedu Nwuke; Amarachi Agbafor; Josephat Okwor

Evaluation of in vitro antioxidants activities, hepatoprotective and haematological effects of ethanol extract of Anthocleista vogelii stem bark (AVSB) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced rats

Abstract

Anthocleista vogelii stem bark extract (AVSB) is used as a hepatoprotective protective and blood-boosting agent locally without any scientific evidence. This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidants activity, hepatoprotective and haematological effects of ethanol extract of AVSB on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced rats. Thirty rats distributed into 5 groups (n = 6) were used. Group 1 was the normal control rats without CCl4 induction, group 2 was the CCl4 control (CCl4 induced untreated rats) while groups 3 – 6 were CCl4 induced rats treated with 100 mg/kg/day of silymarin, 100, 200 and 500 mg/kg/day of AVSB respectively for 14 days. The results indicated high levels of total phenols, flavonoid, vitamin E, vitamin C, -carotene and lycopene in the AVSB. The AVSB exhibited a dose-dependent increase in ferric reducing antioxidant power, DPPH and nitric oxide radicals scavenging activities similar to vitamin C, rutin and curcumin respectively. The CCl4 induction significantly (P<0.05) elevated total bilirubin concentrations, serum ALT, AST and ALP activities and significantly (P<0.05) decreased PCV, RBC, WBC, platelet counts, and Hb, total protein and albumin concentrations and caused liver necrosis in the untreated rats relative to the normal control. Treatment with AVSB significantly reversed the altered serum ALT, AST and ALP activities, total bilirubin, total protein, albumin and Hb concentrations including haematological indices and liver histomorphology to normal compared with the CCl4 control. The findings of this study indicated that the AVSB is rich in antioxidant components, in vitro antioxidant activity, and possesses hepatoprotective and improves haematological indices

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Pharmacognosy

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Robert Uroko ^* This is me
Nigeria

Chinedu Nwuke This is me
Nigeria

Amarachi Agbafor This is me
Nigeria

Josephat Okwor This is me
Nigeria

Publication Date

June 27, 2025

Submission Date

December 30, 2020

Acceptance Date

March 27, 2021

Published in Issue

Year 2021 Volume: 25 Number: 3

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA77RM46TF

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Uroko, R., Nwuke, C., Agbafor, A., & Okwor, J. (2025). Evaluation of in vitro antioxidants activities, hepatoprotective and haematological effects of ethanol extract of Anthocleista vogelii stem bark (AVSB) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced rats. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 25(3), 258-270. https://izlik.org/JA77RM46TF

AMA

1.Uroko R, Nwuke C, Agbafor A, Okwor J. Evaluation of in vitro antioxidants activities, hepatoprotective and haematological effects of ethanol extract of Anthocleista vogelii stem bark (AVSB) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced rats. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;25(3):258-270. https://izlik.org/JA77RM46TF

Chicago

Uroko, Robert, Chinedu Nwuke, Amarachi Agbafor, and Josephat Okwor. 2025. “Evaluation of in Vitro Antioxidants Activities, Hepatoprotective and Haematological Effects of Ethanol Extract of Anthocleista Vogelii Stem Bark (AVSB) on Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) Induced Rats”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 25 (3): 258-70. https://izlik.org/JA77RM46TF.

EndNote

Uroko R, Nwuke C, Agbafor A, Okwor J (June 1, 2025) Evaluation of in vitro antioxidants activities, hepatoprotective and haematological effects of ethanol extract of Anthocleista vogelii stem bark (AVSB) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced rats. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 25 3 258–270.

IEEE

[1]R. Uroko, C. Nwuke, A. Agbafor, and J. Okwor, “Evaluation of in vitro antioxidants activities, hepatoprotective and haematological effects of ethanol extract of Anthocleista vogelii stem bark (AVSB) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced rats”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 258–270, June 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA77RM46TF

ISNAD

Uroko, Robert - Nwuke, Chinedu - Agbafor, Amarachi - Okwor, Josephat. “Evaluation of in Vitro Antioxidants Activities, Hepatoprotective and Haematological Effects of Ethanol Extract of Anthocleista Vogelii Stem Bark (AVSB) on Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) Induced Rats”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 25/3 (June 1, 2025): 258-270. https://izlik.org/JA77RM46TF.

JAMA

1.Uroko R, Nwuke C, Agbafor A, Okwor J. Evaluation of in vitro antioxidants activities, hepatoprotective and haematological effects of ethanol extract of Anthocleista vogelii stem bark (AVSB) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced rats. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;25:258–270.

MLA

Uroko, Robert, et al. “Evaluation of in Vitro Antioxidants Activities, Hepatoprotective and Haematological Effects of Ethanol Extract of Anthocleista Vogelii Stem Bark (AVSB) on Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) Induced Rats”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 25, no. 3, June 2025, pp. 258-70, https://izlik.org/JA77RM46TF.

Vancouver

1.Robert Uroko, Chinedu Nwuke, Amarachi Agbafor, Josephat Okwor. Evaluation of in vitro antioxidants activities, hepatoprotective and haematological effects of ethanol extract of Anthocleista vogelii stem bark (AVSB) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced rats. J. Res. Pharm. [Internet]. 2025 Jun. 1;25(3):258-70. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA77RM46TF