Investigation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Achillea setacea Waldst. et Kit. extracts and extract loaded gel formulation

Erkan Rayaman; Mizgin Ermanoğlu; Fatma Betül Zengin; Shalaleh Hasan Niari Niar; İsmail Şenkardeş; Elifnur Yıldız Bolat; Rabia Eda Şahin; Nasim Sadeghi; Turgut Taşkın; Elif Çalışkan Salihi

doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1855148

Investigation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Achillea setacea Waldst. et Kit. extracts and extract loaded gel formulation

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance poses a significant problem in the treatment of infections. Plants, with their rich content, may contain compounds that can be used for this purpose. The dried flowers of Achillea setacea Waldst. et Kit. are prepared as an infusion and used internally for hemorrhoids, as an anti-diarrheal and wound healing agent, and also against abdominal pain. The antioxidant activities of different extracts and extract-loaded gel formulations of A. setacea were determined using DPPH, FRAP, and CUPRAC methods, and the total phenolic content was determined using FCR methods. The antimicrobial efficacy of the different extracts and the extract-loaded gel formulation was investigated using agar well diffusion and microdilution methods. The chloroform extract of A. setacea was selected for gel production due to its significant antioxidant activity (particularly iron(III) ion reducing activity), broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, and efficacy against Staphylococcus species identified as primary causative agents of wound and skin infections. A pharmaceutical gel was prepared from the obtained chloroform extract using alginate, a natural polymer, characterized by FTIR, subjected to in vitro release testing, and its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were evaluated. According to the findings, although the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the produced gel was lower than that observed at the extract level, it was determined that its antimicrobial and antioxidant efficacy was preserved. Based on these results, it is thought that A. setacea-loaded gel could potentially be used in wound treatment due to its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities after the completion of cytotoxic studies.

Keywords

Project Number

TÜBİTAK 2209-A Undergraduate Research Projects Support Program (Project No. 19198012100191).

Ethical Statement

not necessary

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Pharmaceutical Delivery Technologies

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Erkan Rayaman ^*
0000-0002-1261-3942
Türkiye

Mizgin Ermanoğlu
0000-0003-3146-1988
Türkiye

Fatma Betül Zengin
0009-0001-5335-3702
Türkiye

Shalaleh Hasan Niari Niar
0000-0003-0562-7606
Türkiye

İsmail Şenkardeş
0000-0002-2656-0319
Türkiye

Elifnur Yıldız Bolat
0009-0007-4108-5193
Türkiye

Rabia Eda Şahin
0009-0001-5065-6679
Türkiye

Nasim Sadeghi
0009-0004-4050-5895
Türkiye

Turgut Taşkın
0000-0001-8475-6478
Türkiye

Elif Çalışkan Salihi
Türkiye

Publication Date

March 15, 2026

Submission Date

January 3, 2026

Acceptance Date

February 11, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 30 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1855148

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA89HU25RK

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Rayaman, E., Ermanoğlu, M., Zengin, F. B., Hasan Niari Niar, S., Şenkardeş, İ., Bolat, E. Y., Şahin, R. E., Sadeghi, N., Taşkın, T., & Çalışkan Salihi, E. (2026). Investigation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Achillea setacea Waldst. et Kit. extracts and extract loaded gel formulation. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 30(2), 583-594. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1855148

AMA

1.Rayaman E, Ermanoğlu M, Zengin FB, et al. Investigation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Achillea setacea Waldst. et Kit. extracts and extract loaded gel formulation. J. Res. Pharm. 2026;30(2):583-594. doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1855148

Chicago

Rayaman, Erkan, Mizgin Ermanoğlu, Fatma Betül Zengin, et al. 2026. “Investigation of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Achillea Setacea Waldst. et Kit. Extracts and Extract Loaded Gel Formulation”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 30 (2): 583-94. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1855148.

EndNote

Rayaman E, Ermanoğlu M, Zengin FB, Hasan Niari Niar S, Şenkardeş İ, Bolat EY, Şahin RE, Sadeghi N, Taşkın T, Çalışkan Salihi E (March 1, 2026) Investigation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Achillea setacea Waldst. et Kit. extracts and extract loaded gel formulation. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 30 2 583–594.

IEEE

[1]E. Rayaman et al., “Investigation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Achillea setacea Waldst. et Kit. extracts and extract loaded gel formulation”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 583–594, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.12991/jrespharm.1855148.

ISNAD

Rayaman, Erkan - Ermanoğlu, Mizgin - Zengin, Fatma Betül - Hasan Niari Niar, Shalaleh - Şenkardeş, İsmail - Bolat, Elifnur Yıldız - Şahin, Rabia Eda - Sadeghi, Nasim - Taşkın, Turgut - Çalışkan Salihi, Elif. “Investigation of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Achillea Setacea Waldst. et Kit. Extracts and Extract Loaded Gel Formulation”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 30/2 (March 1, 2026): 583-594. https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1855148.

JAMA

1.Rayaman E, Ermanoğlu M, Zengin FB, Hasan Niari Niar S, Şenkardeş İ, Bolat EY, Şahin RE, Sadeghi N, Taşkın T, Çalışkan Salihi E. Investigation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Achillea setacea Waldst. et Kit. extracts and extract loaded gel formulation. J. Res. Pharm. 2026;30:583–594.

MLA

Rayaman, Erkan, et al. “Investigation of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Achillea Setacea Waldst. et Kit. Extracts and Extract Loaded Gel Formulation”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 30, no. 2, Mar. 2026, pp. 583-94, doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1855148.

Vancouver

1.Erkan Rayaman, Mizgin Ermanoğlu, Fatma Betül Zengin, Shalaleh Hasan Niari Niar, İsmail Şenkardeş, Elifnur Yıldız Bolat, Rabia Eda Şahin, Nasim Sadeghi, Turgut Taşkın, Elif Çalışkan Salihi. Investigation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Achillea setacea Waldst. et Kit. extracts and extract loaded gel formulation. J. Res. Pharm. 2026 Mar. 1;30(2):583-94. doi:10.12991/jrespharm.1855148