Anti-inflammatory activity of Stichopus variegatus from Onogate capsule to treat joint pain

Year 2025, Volume: 29 Issue: 5, 1802 - 1810, 01.09.2025

Syamsudin Abdillah , Deni Rahmat Ema Hermawati Greesty Finotory Swandiny Sucipto Kokadir Edward Basilianus

https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1763400

Abstract

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammation drugs (NSAIDs) are usually used to treat over-reaction of inflammatory
reactions. However, the medicines have many side effects. On the other hand, a marine product like sea cucumbers
(Stichopus variegatus) have to treat joint pain. This study aims to examine the anti-inflammatory effect of Stichopus
variegatus extract powder from Onogate capsule produced by PT Nuswantara Nirmala Nusantara to treat joint pain. The
research study employed 24 male white Wistar rats separated into six distinct categories: carrageenan control group,
positive control group, healthy or normal group, group of S. variegatus extract test preparations at doses of 200 and 400
mg/Kg BW, and diclofenac Na as standard medicine. Microbial contamination was measured by total plate count (TPC)
and total mold and yeast count (TMC). All data were analyzed using ANOVA with a significance level of p <0.05. The
results showed that amino acid profile of S. variegatus extracted from Onogate capsule contained high of glycine and the
least of tryptophan. Microbial contamination tests such as E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae, Shigella sp., Salmonella sp., and
Clostridia sp. showed negative results, although the TPC and TMC examinations were found to be 1.0 × 101, indicating
that it is still under control since the value was below 1.0 × 105 colonies/g and 1.0 × 103 colonies/g, respectively. The
lowest reduction of anti-inflammatory activity was seen in diclofenac Na 1.79 ± 0.03 (36.7%) and after treatment of S.
variegatus extract 400 mg/kg 2.19 ± 0.01 (22.6%). S. variegatus extract 400 mg/kg from Onogate capsule has the potential
to have an anti-inflammatory effect in treating joint pain.

Keywords

Anti-inflammatory activity , joint pain , onogate capsule , Stichopus variegatus

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