Evaluation of osteogenic potential of Syzygium cumini seed extract on human dental pulp stem cells: An in vitro study

Year 2025, Volume: 29 Issue: 6, 2308 - 2316, 02.11.2025

Surekha Rathod , Palak Kasliwal , Pranjali Bawankar Avinash Kharat

https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1797786

Abstract

Syzygium cumini (S. cumini) is noted for its pharmacological benefits, including its roles in diabetes management, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to explore the osteogenic potential of S. cumini seed extract by assessing its ability to induce differentiation in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). hDPSCs were isolated from healthy premolar teeth, characterized by surface marker expression, and subjected to various assays, including mineralization, alkaline phosphatase activity, and gene expression analysis. The MTT assay was used to evaluate cytotoxicity. The findings revealed that hDPSCs expressed CD73, CD90, and CD105, but not CD34, CD45, or HLA-DR. S. cumini seed extract at 20 μg/ml enhanced hDPSCs viability, proliferation, and osteogenic matrix production without cytotoxic effects. Staining with 2% Alizarin Red S confirmed osteocyte differentiation, and the extract significantly boosted gene expression related to osteogenesis. These results suggest that S. cumini seed extract effectively promotes osteogenic differentiation in hDPSCs, highlighting its potential for bone regeneration and warranting further research into its therapeutic applications.

Keywords

Bone regeneration , MTT assay , DPSC , gene expression , osteonectin , alkaline phosphatase

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