Research Article

An Examination of the Cranium and Mandible in Domestic Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Using Macroanatomy and morphometry

Volume: 45 Number: 1 July 24, 2026
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An Examination of the Cranium and Mandible in Domestic Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Using Macroanatomy and morphometry

Abstract

This study's objective was to use morphometric and macroanatomical techniques to investigate the skull and mandible of domestic buffalos. 14 buffalo skulls and mandibles 7 female and 7 male were used in the study for this purpose. Using digital calipers and tape measures on the cranium and mandible, 16 distinct measurements were obtained from mandibles, and 48 on the skull. Male buffaloes had an average total head length (BTU) of 47.35±1.79 cm, while female buffaloes had an average BTU of 47.06±2.27 cm. The analysis revealed no significant difference between the sexes (p=0.814). Foramen magnum width was 3.61±0.36 cm., in female buffaloes and 5.27±0.54 cm., in male buffaloes (p=0.001), foramen magnum height was 3.41±0.23 cm., in female buffaloes and 4.78±0.42 cm., in male buffaloes (p=0.001), and the shortest occipital width was 10.68±1.25 cm., in female buffaloes and 12.21±0.99 cm., in male buffaloes (p=0.032). Based on the calculation of the craniofacial index, the average cranial index for male buffaloes was 51.77±3.53 cm., while the average for female buffaloes was 45.61±4.61 cm. Female buffaloes were found to have mandible lengths of 38.81±1.03 cm., on the right side and 37.68±0.75 cm., on the left. Male buffaloes were found to have an average length of 37.57±1.23 cm., for the right mandible and 38.14±1.14 cm., for the left. When comparing the mandibles of female individuals from right to left, the distance between the aboral edge of the processus condylaris and infradentale was found to be (p=0.021), and a significant difference was noted.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Veterinary Sciences (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

July 24, 2026

Submission Date

October 1, 2025

Acceptance Date

May 19, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 45 Number: 1

APA
Dalga, S., & İdoğ, M. R. (2026). An Examination of the Cranium and Mandible in Domestic Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Using Macroanatomy and morphometry. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine, 45(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.1794850
AMA
1.Dalga S, İdoğ MR. An Examination of the Cranium and Mandible in Domestic Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Using Macroanatomy and morphometry. J Res Vet Med. 2026;45(1):1-10. doi:10.30782/jrvm.1794850
Chicago
Dalga, Semine, and Mehmet Reşit İdoğ. 2026. “An Examination of the Cranium and Mandible in Domestic Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) Using Macroanatomy and Morphometry”. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine 45 (1): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.1794850.
EndNote
Dalga S, İdoğ MR (July 1, 2026) An Examination of the Cranium and Mandible in Domestic Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Using Macroanatomy and morphometry. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine 45 1 1–10.
IEEE
[1]S. Dalga and M. R. İdoğ, “An Examination of the Cranium and Mandible in Domestic Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Using Macroanatomy and morphometry”, J Res Vet Med, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 1–10, July 2026, doi: 10.30782/jrvm.1794850.
ISNAD
Dalga, Semine - İdoğ, Mehmet Reşit. “An Examination of the Cranium and Mandible in Domestic Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) Using Macroanatomy and Morphometry”. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine 45/1 (July 1, 2026): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.1794850.
JAMA
1.Dalga S, İdoğ MR. An Examination of the Cranium and Mandible in Domestic Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Using Macroanatomy and morphometry. J Res Vet Med. 2026;45:1–10.
MLA
Dalga, Semine, and Mehmet Reşit İdoğ. “An Examination of the Cranium and Mandible in Domestic Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) Using Macroanatomy and Morphometry”. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine, vol. 45, no. 1, July 2026, pp. 1-10, doi:10.30782/jrvm.1794850.
Vancouver
1.Semine Dalga, Mehmet Reşit İdoğ. An Examination of the Cranium and Mandible in Domestic Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Using Macroanatomy and morphometry. J Res Vet Med. 2026 Jul. 1;45(1):1-10. doi:10.30782/jrvm.1794850