Kuzu Dokularında Endokrin Bozucu Klorlu Kimyasal Varlığının Gaz Kromatografi Kütle Spektrometrisi ile Saptanması ve Cinsiyetin Etkisi

Year 2019, Volume: 38 Issue: 2, 72 - 82, 18.12.2019

Özgür Kuzukıran , Ayhan Filazi , Pınar Arslan , Begüm Yurdakök-dikmen İlker Şimşek Yağmur Turgut

https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.624044

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Vücuttaki endokrin
reseptörlerine bağlanıp bunları aktive veya bloke ederek doğal hormonların
sentez/parçalanmasını değiştiren endokrin bozucu kimyasallarla ilgili
çalışmaların geçmişi 1950’li yıllara kadar gitmektedir. Günümüzde yasaklı olan
ama bir dönem yoğun olarak kullanılan organik klorlu pestisitler (OCP), poliklorlu
bifeniller (PCB) ve polibromlu difenileterler (PBDE) stabilitelerinin yüksek
olması ve yağda birikme özellikleri nedeniyle doğada uzun süre kalmaktadırlar.
Biyoakümülasyon ve biyomagnifikasyon nedeniyle gıda zincirine girdikten sonra
miktarları sürekli artmaktadır. İnsanların bu kimyasallara maruziyetinin %90’ı
bulaşık gıdalarla olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada 14 OCP (α, β, γ-hekzaklorosiklohekzan,
hekzaklorobenzen, 4,4’-diklorodifenil dikloroetan, 4,4’-diklorodifenil
dikloroetilen, 2,4’-diklorodifenil trikloroetan, 4,4’-diklorodifenil
trikloroetan, heptaklor, aldrin, dieldrin, α-endosülfan, β-endosülfan,
metoksiklor), 7 PCB (28, 30, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, 180) ve 6 PBDE (17, 47,
66, 100, 153, 183)’in kuzu eti ve yağındaki miktarları ve cinsiyetin buna olan
etkisi araştırılmıştır. Kullanılan yöntem SANCO 12571/2013 ve EUROCHEM 2014
Validasyon Kılavuzu’na göre valide edilmiştir. Toplamda erkek hayvanlara ait
örneklerin %75’inde, dişilerinkinin ise %33.3’ünde endokrin bozucu kimyasal kalıntısına
rastlanmıştır. Araştırılan örneklerin tamamında PCB tespit edilmiştir. Hekzaklorosiklohekzen
ve 4,4’-diklorodifenil trikloroetan ile PCB52 kendi grupları içinde en sık
rastlanılan kimyasallar olurken PBDE’lerden sadece PBDE17 tespit edilmiştir. Kalıntı
görülme sıklığı erkeklerde daha fazla iken tespit edilen miktarların dişi
hayvanlara ait örneklerde daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Bulunan tüm
kalıntıların seviyeleri Türk Gıda Kodeksi ve Avrupa Birliği’nin ilgili
yönetmeliklerinde belirtilen seviyelerin altındadır.

Keywords

Endokrin bozucu kimyasal, PBDE, PCB, organik klorlu pestisitler, GC-MS, kuzu eti

Thanks

Doç Dr. Ülkü Nihan YAZGAN TAVŞANOĞLU

Determination of Chlorinated Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Lamb Tissues by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry and Effects of Gender

Abstract

The history of endocrine
disrupting chemicals that alter the synthesis/degradation of natural hormones
by binding or activating endocrine receptors in the body goes back to the
1950s. Organochlorine pesticides (OCP), Polichlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and Polybrominated
diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which are currently banned but are used extensively
for a period, remain in nature for a long time due to their high stability and
oil deposition properties. Due to bioaccumulation and biomagnification, the
amounts are constantly increasing after entering the food chain. People's
exposure (90%) to these chemicals comes from foods. We investigated the
contamination of 14 OCPs (α, β, γ-hexachlorocyclohexane, hexachlorobenzene, 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl
dichloroethane,4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene, 2,4’-dichloro diphenyl
trichloroethane, 4,4’-dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane, heptachlor, aldrin,
dieldrin, α-endosulfan, β-endosulfan, methoxychlor), 7 PCBs (28, 30, 52, 101,
118, 138, 153, 180) and 6 PBDEs (17, 47, 66, 100, 153, 183) in lamb meat and
fat and the effect of sex on their levels. The method used was validated
according to SANCO 12571/2013 and EUROCHEM 2014 Verification Manual. Endocrine
disrupting chemicals residues were found in 75% of males and 33.3% of females
samples. The residual contents of the PCBs detected in all of the samples.
While hexachlorobenzene, 4,4’-dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane and PCB52 were the
most common residues among the their groups, whereas only PBDE17 was detected
in the PBDEs. Although the incidence of residues is higher in the male animals,
the detected amount is higher in the female animals. All residues levels found
below the level specified The Turkish Food Codex and The European Union
Regulations. 

Keywords

Endocrine disrupting chemical, PBDE, PCB, organochlorine pesticides, GC-MS, lamb meat

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