Year 2021, Volume 40, Issue 1, 61 - 67, 19.08.2021

Seran TEMELLİ Ece ÇETİN Ahmet Gökhan COŞKUN Ayşegül ERTEKİN Ayşegül EYİGÖR

Abstract

Sığır Karkas ve Sakatatlarında Hijyen Profilinin Yasal Mevzuat Kriterleri ile Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Çalışmada, kasaplık sığırların karkas ve sakatatlarının Türk Gıda Kodeksi (TGK) Mikrobiyolojik Kriterler Yönetmeliği1,2 Üretim Hijyeni Kriterleri gereklilikleri dahilinde mikrobiyolojik kalitesinin belirlenmesi hedeflendi. Bu amaç ile, Marmara Bölgesinde 2013-2015 yılları arasında, 3 kombina ve 1 mezbahadan toplam 400 adet örnek alındı. Alınan 100 adet karkas örneği, Aerobik Koloni Sayısı (AKS) ve Enterobacteriaceae sayısı (ES)’nın belirlenmesi ve Salmonella varlığı yönünden, her bir karkasa ait 300 adet yenilebilir sakatat (karaciğer, dalak ve böbrek) örneği ise Salmonella varlığı açısından, ilgili uluslararası standartlar olan ISO 4833-1:2003 (AKS), ISO 21528-2:2004 (ES) ve ISO 6579:2002 (Salmonella) kullanılarak analiz edildi. İncelenen karkas örneklerinde AKS, 3,0x102- 4,0x105 kob/cm2 aralığında olup ortalama 3,1 x 104 kob/cm2, ES ise 0,1 x 101- 8,5 x 102 kob/cm2 aralığında olup ortalama 1,9 x 102 kob/cm2 olarak bulundu. AKS ve ES sonuçlarının birbirinden bağımsız olarak ilgili yönetmeliğe göre değerlendirilmesi sonucunda, örneklerin AKS yönünden; %34’ü ‘Uygun’, %56’sı ‘Kabul Edilir’ ve %10’u ‘Uygun Değil’, ES yönünden de %57’si ‘Uygun’, %34’ü ‘Kabul Edilir’ ve %9’u ‘Uygun Değil’ olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak, sığır karkaslarının TGK Mikrobiyolojik Kriterler Yönetmeliği (2011)1,2 Üretim Hijyeni Kriterleri’ne göre AKS ve ES yönünden sırasıyla %90 ve %91 oranında olumlu, AKS ve ES sonuçları birlikte değerlendirildiğinde ise %84 oranında olumlu (‘Uygun’ ve ‘Kabul Edilir’) olduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca, incelenen karkas ile aynı karkasa ait yenilebilir sakatat örneklerinde Salmonella tespit edilmedi.

Keywords

Sığır, karkas, aerobik koloni, Enterobacteriaceae, Salmonella

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