The Effect of Music on Sport Applied Lessons of Sport Sciences Faculty Students

Abstract

Abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of music on students’ motivation, attention, and performance during practical courses at the Faculty of Sports Sciences. A total of 312 students (190 female, 122 male) voluntarily participated in the study from a state university in Turkey during the 2024–2025 academic year. The research utilized a descriptive survey model, and data were collected using the "Effect of Music in Sports Applications Scale" (Karayol and Turhan, 2020), which includes sub-dimensions of psychological resilience, physical strength-performance, and motivation. The scale was applied simultaneously with the physical activities. Independent samples t-tests and one-way ANOVA were conducted to analyze the data. The findings revealed that gender, age, years of regular sports participation, weekly exercise frequency, and type of sports activity (team or individual) significantly influenced the effects of music. Participants who believed that music positively affected their performance had significantly higher scores in all subdimensions. The study concludes that music is an effective external stimulant that can enhance psychological and physical performance in practical sports courses and suggests its integration into physical education practices. Keywords: Music, Motivation, Sports Sciences, Psychological Resilience

Keywords

• Keywords: Music
• Motivation
• Sports Sciences
• Psychological Resilience

References

1. Bartlett, J. D., & Drust, B. (2021). A framework for effective knowledge translation and performance delivery of Sport Scientists in professional sport. European journal of sport science, 21(11), 1579-1587. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2020.1842511
2. Bektaş, M., & Demir, O. (2022). Mücadele sporları ile ilgilenen bireylerde müziğin psikolojik sağlamlık, performans ve motivasyon üzerine etkisi. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(4), 417-428. https://doi.org/10.31680/gaunjss.1164794
3. Çelik, Ç., & Karabilgin, B. N. (2022). Müziğin sporcular üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi. Düzce Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(1), 38-44.
4. Chans, G. M., & Portuguez Castro, M. (2021). Gamification as a strategy to increase motivation and engagement in higher education chemistry students. Computers, 10(10), 132. https://doi.org/10.3390/computers10100132
5. Chu, Y., Chen, C., Wang, G., & Su, F. (2022). The effect of education model in physical education on student learning behavior. Frontiers in psychology, 13, 944507. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.944507
6. Cloutier, A., Fernandez, N. B., Houde-Archambault, C., & Gosselin, N. (2020). Effect of background music on attentional control in older and young adults. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 557225. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.557225
7. Condello, G., Mazzoli, E., Masci, I., De Fano, A., Ben-Soussan, T. D., Marchetti, R., & Pesce, C. (2021). Fostering holistic development with a designed multisport intervention in physical education: A class-randomized cross-over trial. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(18), 9871. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189871
8. Ekiz, M. A., & Atasoy, M. (2021). Sportif uygulamalarda müzik: kırşehir ahi evran üniversitesi beden eğitimi ve spor yüksekokulu öğrencileri üzerine bir araştırma. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2), 241-250. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.954189

9. Erfanian, M., Mitchell, A. J., Kang, J., & Aletta, F. (2019). The psychophysiological implications of soundscape: A systematic review of empirical literature and a research agenda. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(19), 3533. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193533
10. Finlay, M. J., Tinnion, D. J., & Simpson, T. (2022). A virtual versus blended learning approach to higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic: The experiences of a sport and exercise science student cohort. Journal of hospitality, leisure, sport & tourism education, 30, 100363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2021.100363
11. Frid, E. (2019). Accessible digital musical instruments—a review of musical interfaces in inclusive music practice. Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, 3(3), 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/mti3030057
12. Gupta, U., & Singh, V. K. (2020). Effects of music listening on resilience, self-efficacy and positivity in healthy young adults. Journal of psychosocial research, 15(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.32381/JPR.2020.15.01.1
13. Gürpinar, B., Tuna, H., Tuz, K., Gürgen, E. T., & İlçin, N. (2021). Müzik Dinleme Alışkanlıkları ile Fiziksel Aktivite Davranışları Arasındaki İlişki: Kesitsel Çalışma. Türkiye Klinikleri Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.5336/healthsci.2020-79129
14. Hammerschmidt, D., & Wöllner, C. (2023). Spontaneous motor tempo over the course of a week: the role of the time of the day, chronotype, and arousal. Psychological Research, 87(1), 327-338. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-022-01646-2
15. Kao, C. C. (2019). Development of team cohesion and sustained collaboration skills with the sport education model. Sustainability, 11(8), 2348. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082348
16. Karayol, M., & Turhan, M. O. (2020). Impact of music in sportive activities scale (imsas): validity and reliability assessment. African Educational Research Journal, 8(2), 297–304. https://doi.org/10.30918/AERJ.82.20.071
17. Koç, H., & Koç, Ö. (2023). Sportif uygulamalarda müzik ve spora bağlılık: Spor merkezi üyeleri üzerine bir araştırma. Ulusal Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(2), 65-81. https://doi.org/10.30769/usbd.1340827
18. Martín-Rodríguez, A., Gostian-Ropotin, L. A., Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., Belando-Pedreño, N., Simón, J. A., López-Mora, C., ... & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2024). Sporting mind: the interplay of physical activity and psychological health. Sports, 12(1), 37. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12010037
19. Munna, A. S., & Kalam, M. A. (2021). Teaching and learning process to enhance teaching effectiveness: a literature review. International Journal of Humanities and Innovation (IJHI), 4(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.33750/ijhi.v4i1.102
20. Özdemir, E., & Coşkuner, S. (2018). Müzik dinleme etkinliklerinin ilköğretim öğrencilerinin akademik başarısına etkisi. İlköğretim Online, 17(1), 57-69. https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2018.413741
21. Raza, S. A., Qazi, W., & Umer, B. (2020). Examining the impact of case-based learning on student engagement, learning motivation and learning performance among university students. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 12(3), 517-533. https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-05-2019-0105
22. Rose, D., Ott, L., Guérin, S. M., Annett, L. E., Lovatt, P., & Delevoye-Turrell, Y. N. (2021). A general procedure to measure the pacing of body movements timed to music and metronome in younger and older adults. Scientific reports, 11(1), 3264. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82283-4
23. Turhan, M.Ö. (2021). Sportif uygulamalarda müziğin etkisi ile spora özgü başarı motivasyonu arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi [Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi.
24. Ugurlu, D., Emlek, B., Yapici, H., Gok, O., Unver, R., Sofuoglu, M., ... & Yılmaz, A. (2023). Examination of physical activity levels of Turkish adults living in Rural and Urban Areas. Journal of Exercise Science & Physical Activity Reviews, 1(1), 12-23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399566
25. Wei, X., Saab, N., & Admiraal, W. (2023). Do learners share the same perceived learning outcomes in MOOCs? Identifying the role of motivation, perceived learning support, learning engagement, and self-regulated learning strategies. The Internet and Higher Education, 56, 100880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2022.100880
26. Welch, G. F., Biasutti, M., MacRitchie, J., McPherson, G. E., & Himonides, E. (2020). The impact of music on human development and well-being. Frontiers in psychology, 11, 1246. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01246
27. Wright, S. E., & Palmer, C. (2020). Physiological and behavioral factors in musicians’ performance tempo. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 14, 311. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.00311
28. Yapici, H., Yagin, F. H., Emlek, B., Uca, E., Ayyıldız, E., Ahmedov, F., ... & AL-Mhanna, S. B. (2023). Examining barriers to participation in physical activity: a study of adults. Journal of Exercise Science & Physical Activity Reviews, 1(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8399374