Practical and Theoretical Comparison of Leaks in Drinking Water Systems

Year 2023, , 55 - 66, 31.12.2023

Merve Akdemir , Salih Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10445009

Abstract

In drinking water systems, leaks and failures occur in pipes that provide water transmission due to various factors. One of the main factors in the damage of pipes is pressure fluctuation. In order to eliminate this fluctuation, pressure management is applied with different pressure regulation methods. In addition to reducing leakages, pressure management also has cost elements. In order to meet this cost, the condition of the water distribution system should be analyzed before pressure management, which pressure regulation method will be preferred should be decided and how much water loss will be prevented as a result of pressure management application should be calculated. In this study, leakages were calculated theoretically with the Fixed and Variable Area Discharges (FAVAD) equation, which establishes a relationship between leakage and pressure in the isolated measurement area where pressure regulation is applied, and compared with the field application. Pressure regulation methods that do not give results close to practice were identified by analysis and a new calculation method was developed for these methods. The results in the field application were compared with the developed method and it was tested that it gives results close to the field. This method is considered to be one of the deciding factors in the calculation of leakage in different pressure methods.

Keywords

Water drinking system, pressure management, water loss, Favad equation

İçme Suyu Sistemlerinde Sızıntıların Uygulamalı ve Teorik Olarak Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

İçme suyu sistemlerinde çeşitli unsurlara bağlı olarak su iletimini sağlayan borularda sızıntı ve arızalar meydana gelmektedir. Boruların hasar görmesindeki temel etkenlerden biri basınç dalgalanmasıdır. Bu dalgalanmanın giderilmesi için farklı basınç düzenleme yöntemleriyle basınç yönetimi uygulaması yapılmaktadır. Basınç yönetimi uygulamasının sızıntıların azaltılmasının yanında maliyet unsurları da vardır. Bu maliyeti karşılaması için basınç yönetimi öncesi su dağıtım sisteminin durumu analiz edilmeli, hangi basınç düzenleme yöntemi tercih edileceğine karar verilmeli ve basınç yönetimi uygulaması sonucu ne kadar su kaybı önleneceği hesaplanmalıdır. Bu çalışmada basınç düzenlemesi yapılan izole ölçüm bölgesinde sızıntı ve basınç arasında ilişki kuran Fixed and Variable Area Discharges (FAVAD) denklemiyle sızıntılar teorik olarak hesaplanmış ve saha uygulamasıyla karşılaştırılmıştır. Uygulamaya yakın sonuç vermeyen basınç düzenleme yöntemleri analizlerle tespit edilmiştir ve bu yöntemler için yeni bir hesaplama yöntemi geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen yöntemle saha uygulamasındaki sonuçlar karşılaştırılmış ve sahaya yakın sonuçlar verdiği test edilmiştir. Bu yöntemin farklı basınç yöntemlerinde sızıntıların hesaplanması konusunda karar verici unsurlardan biri olması düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

İçme suyu sistemi, basınç yönetimi, su kaybı, Favad denklemi

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