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FROM PERIPHERY TO THE CENTRE: POST-COLONIAL FICTION VS. COLONIALIST FICTION

Year 2021, Issue: 7, 71 - 87, 12.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.48131/jscs.878057

Abstract

Postcolonial discourse written in the aftermath of the colonial practice reverts the colonial discourse of the British authors of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries during which the colonial venture was in its highest peak. The colonialist discourse that used to be in the cultural centre of the literatures written in English marginalised the discourse of the colonised peoples, their language and culture; and pushed it to the peripheries. However, postcolonial discourse in the fiction of postcolonial writers who wrote in the aftermath of colonization forces the limits and comes to the centre from the peripheries. By due references to the traditional colonial novels, postcolonial texts create a reverse structure of novels in ideological opposition to the imperial centre. This study examines two postcolonial novels: Midnight’s Children, as one of the exemplary postcolonial texts by Salman Rushdie with its numerous allusions to the colonial past and the colonialist novels and The God of Small Things by Arundhati Roy who, despite being a younger writer, powerfully put forward a postcolonial discourse that functions as an anti-colonial rhetoric. This paper aims to compare the discourse of these postcolonial novels to the discourse of two colonial novels: A Passage to India by E. M. Forster and Kim by Rudyard Kipling.

References

  • Ashcroft, B., Griffiths, G. & Tiffin, H. (1989). The Empire Writes Back: Theory and Practice in Post-Colonial Literatures. London-New York: Routledge.
  • Bahri, Deepika. (January 1995). ‘Once More with Feeling: What is Postcolonialism?’. ARIEL: A Review of International English Literature. 26:1. 51-82.
  • Bakshi, Parminder. (1994). ‘The Politics of Desire: E. M. Forster’s Encounters with India’, in Davies, T. & Wood, N. (ed.) Forster, E. M. A Passage to India. Buckingham: Open University Press.
  • Barker, F., Hulme, P., & Iversen, M. (ed.) (1994). Colonial discourse / postcolonial theory. Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press.
  • Boehmer, Elleke. (1995) Colonial and Postcolonial Literature. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Forster, E. M. (1985) A Passage to India. Middlesex: Penguin.
  • Green, Martin. (1980). Dreams of Adventure: Deeds of Empire. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul
  • Goonetilleke, D.C.R.A. (1998) Salman Rushdie. London: MacMillan Press
  • Kipling, Rudyard. (1987). Kim. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
  • McClure, John A. (1981). Kipling & Conrad: The Colonial Fiction. Cambridge, Massachusetts and London: Harvard University Press.
  • Mishra, Vijay & Hodge, Bob. (Winter 1991) ‘What is post(-)colonialism?’. Textual Practice. Vol. 5, No. 3. 399-414.
  • Roy, Arundhati. (1997). The God of Small Things. London: Flamingo.
  • Rushdie, Salman. (1981). Midnight’s Children. London: Jonathan Cape.
  • Said, Edward. ((1978). Orientalism. London: Penguin Books
  • Said, Edward. (1993). Culture and Imperialism. London:Vintage.
  • Tiffin, Chris. ‘Progress and Ambivalence in the colonial Novel’ in Whitlock, G. & Tiffin, H. (ed.) (1992). Re-Siting Queen’s English: Text and Tradition in Post-Colonial Literatures Cross/Cultures 7. Amsterdam-Atlanta:Rodopi. 3-8.

FROM PERIPHERY TO THE CENTRE: POST-COLONIAL FICTION VS. COLONIALIST FICTION

Year 2021, Issue: 7, 71 - 87, 12.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.48131/jscs.878057

Abstract

Sömürgecilik uygulamalarının sonrasında yazılmış olan sömürgecilik sonrası romanların söylemi sömürge politikalarının dorukta olduğu on dokuzuncu ve yirminci yüzyılın sömürgeci İngiliz romancıları tarafından yazılan romanlardaki sömürgecilik söylemine bir karşı retorik oluşturmaktadır. İngilizce yazılan sömürgeci romanların kültürel merkezinde yer alan sömürgecilik söylemi sömürgeleşmiş halkların dilini, yazınsal söylemlerini ve kültürlerini marjinalleştirerek onları merkezden uzak bir perifer kültür haline getirmiştir. Ne var ki, sömürgecilik sonrası yazarların romanlarındaki sömürgecilik sonrası söylem sınırları zorlamış ve periferden merkeze gelerek alternatif bir söylem üretmeyi başarmıştır. Geleneksel sömürgecilik dönemi romanlarına yerinde göndermeler ve atıflarda bulunan sömürgecilik sonrası romanlar imparatorluğun siyasi merkezine karşı ideolojik bir duruşla karşıt bir kültürel yapı içeren bir retorik meydana getirmektedirler. Bu nedenle on dokuzuncu ve yirminci yüzyıl başlarında yazılmış olan sömürgecilik dönemi edebiyatını yirminci yüzyıl sonlarında yazılan sömürgecilik sonrası edebiyat ile karşılaştırmalı olarak çalışmak önem taşımaktadır. Dolayısıyla, bu çalışma iki sömürgecilik sonrası romanı incelemektedir: sömürgecilik geçmişine ve sömürgecilik dönemi romanlarına yaptığı pek çok göndermeyle sömürgecilik sonrası romanlar içinde önemli bir yer tutan Salman Rushdie’den Geceyarısı Çocukları’nı ve daha genç kuşaktan bir yazar olsa da yazdıklarıyla sömürgecilik karşıtı bir retorik ortaya koymaya başararak yeni bir söylem yaratan Arundhati Roy’dan Küçük Şeylerin Tanrısı. Bu romanlar incelenirken, bu metinlerdeki söylemin sömürgecilik döneminin iki önemli romanı olan E. M. Forster’ın Hindistan’a Bir Geçit ile Rudyard Kipling’in Kim romanlarının söylemi ile karşılaştırılması da amaçlamaktadır.

References

  • Ashcroft, B., Griffiths, G. & Tiffin, H. (1989). The Empire Writes Back: Theory and Practice in Post-Colonial Literatures. London-New York: Routledge.
  • Bahri, Deepika. (January 1995). ‘Once More with Feeling: What is Postcolonialism?’. ARIEL: A Review of International English Literature. 26:1. 51-82.
  • Bakshi, Parminder. (1994). ‘The Politics of Desire: E. M. Forster’s Encounters with India’, in Davies, T. & Wood, N. (ed.) Forster, E. M. A Passage to India. Buckingham: Open University Press.
  • Barker, F., Hulme, P., & Iversen, M. (ed.) (1994). Colonial discourse / postcolonial theory. Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press.
  • Boehmer, Elleke. (1995) Colonial and Postcolonial Literature. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Forster, E. M. (1985) A Passage to India. Middlesex: Penguin.
  • Green, Martin. (1980). Dreams of Adventure: Deeds of Empire. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul
  • Goonetilleke, D.C.R.A. (1998) Salman Rushdie. London: MacMillan Press
  • Kipling, Rudyard. (1987). Kim. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
  • McClure, John A. (1981). Kipling & Conrad: The Colonial Fiction. Cambridge, Massachusetts and London: Harvard University Press.
  • Mishra, Vijay & Hodge, Bob. (Winter 1991) ‘What is post(-)colonialism?’. Textual Practice. Vol. 5, No. 3. 399-414.
  • Roy, Arundhati. (1997). The God of Small Things. London: Flamingo.
  • Rushdie, Salman. (1981). Midnight’s Children. London: Jonathan Cape.
  • Said, Edward. ((1978). Orientalism. London: Penguin Books
  • Said, Edward. (1993). Culture and Imperialism. London:Vintage.
  • Tiffin, Chris. ‘Progress and Ambivalence in the colonial Novel’ in Whitlock, G. & Tiffin, H. (ed.) (1992). Re-Siting Queen’s English: Text and Tradition in Post-Colonial Literatures Cross/Cultures 7. Amsterdam-Atlanta:Rodopi. 3-8.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Mehmet Çelikel 0000-0003-0402-9858

Publication Date June 12, 2021
Submission Date March 4, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 7

Cite

APA Çelikel, M. (2021). FROM PERIPHERY TO THE CENTRE: POST-COLONIAL FICTION VS. COLONIALIST FICTION. Toplum Ve Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi(7), 71-87. https://doi.org/10.48131/jscs.878057

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