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THE DISCOVERY OF NATURAL GAS AND THE EMERGENCE OF TERRORISM IN MOZAMBIQUE: AN INTERACTION ANALYSIS

Year 2023, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 41 - 52, 27.12.2023

Abstract

This study discusses whether there is an interaction between the discovery of one of the world's largest natural gas reserves in the Rovuma Basin in Mozambique in 2010 and the emergence of Salafi/Takfiri terrorism in 2014. Within the framework of the study, the general energy outlook in Mozambique and the impacts of the natural gas discovery on the country's energy and economic sectors, the Salafi/Takfiri terrorism that emerged since 2014, the sectors affected by these developments, and how these two phenomena provided an operational field to international actors are examined. In conclusion, the findings indicate that there is a connection between the two phenomena, but the nature of the relationship is complex.

References

  • Alfiado, E. R. (2023). Terrorism in Mozambique: Analysis of the Factors that Challenged The Mozambican Government on Resolutıon of the Problem. Africania, c. 3, s.2, 30-54. https://doi.org/10.58851/africania.1317159
  • Aktaş, T. (2021, 03 30). Mozambik’te terör örgütü Ensar’ul Sunna’nın saldırdığı kentte sivilleri kurtarma operasyonu sürüyor. Anadolu Ajansı: https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/mozambikte-teror-orgutu-ensarul-sunnanin-saldirdigi- kentte-sivilleri-kurtarma-operasyonu-suruyor/2192133 adresinden alındı
  • Bloomberg HT. (2022, 11 13). https://www.bloomberght.com/mozambik-avrupa-ya-lng- ihracatina-basladi-2319131. Bloomberg HT: https://www.bloomberght.com/mozambik-avrupa-ya-lng-ihracatina-basladi-2319131 adresinden alındı
  • BP. (2022, 10 14). Press Release - bp begins shipping liquefied natural gas from Mozambique’s first LNG project. BP: https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/news- and-insights/press-releases/bp-begins-shipping-liquefied-natural-gas-from- mozambique-first-lng-project.html adresinden alındı
  • Cuvilas, C., Jirjis, R., & Lucas, C. (2010). Energy situation in Mozambique: A review . 2139-2146 : Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews.
  • Çınar, H. Y. (2021, 07 23). AB’den Mozambik’te enerjik askeri misyon! . Enerji Günlüğü: https://www.enerjigunlugu.net/abden-mozambikte-enerjik-askeri-misyon- 31965yy.htm adresinden alındı
  • DNI. (2023, 05 30). ISIS-Mozambique. Counter Terrorism Guide: https://www.dni.gov/nctc/ftos/isis_mozambique_fto.html adresinden alındı
  • EU. (2021, 04 08). The European Union and Mozambique. EEAS: https://www.eeas.europa.eu/mozambique/european-union-and-mozambique_en?s=111 adresinden alındı
  • France 24. (2021, 03 30). Portugal to send troops to Mozambique after brazen Palma attack by Islamic insurgents. France 24: https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20210330- portugal-to-send-troops-to-mozambique-after-brazen-palma-attack-by-islamic- insurgents adresinden alındı
  • Frühauf, A. (2014). Mozambique’s LNG revolution: A political risk outlook for the Rovuma LNG ventures. Oxford: The Oxford Intstitute For Energy Studies.
  • IRENA. (2012). Mozmbique: Renewable Readiness Assessment 2012. Abu Dabi: IRENA. Isaacman, A. F., & Morton, D. (2012). Harnessing the Zambezi: How Mozambique’s Planned Mphanda Nkuwa Dam Perpetuates the Colonial Past. The International Journal of African Historical Studies, 157-190.
  • Kavak, G. (2022, 03 02). Terör saldırılarındaki ölüm oranları en çok Mozambik’te düştü. Anadolu Ajansı: https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/teror-saldirilarindaki-olum-oranlari- en-cok-mozambikte-dustu/2520911 adresinden alındı
  • Lister, T. (2020, Ekim). Jihadi Insurgency in Mozambique Grows in Sophistication and Reach. CTC Sentinel, s. 35-46.
  • SADC. (2021, 10 10). SAMIM in Brief. SADC: https://www.sadc.int/news-events/news/sadc- mission-mozambique-samim-brief/ adresinden alındı
  • Schlein, L. (2020, 02 07). Thousands Flee Brutal Attacks by Armed Groups in Northern Mozambique. Voice Of America: https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_thousands-flee- brutal-attacks-armed-groups-northern-mozambique/6183877.html adresinden alındı
  • SIPRI. (2023, 05 30). SIPRI Arms Transfer Database. SIPRI: https://www.sipri.org/databases/armstransfers adresinden alındı
  • Smith, J. (2021, 06 29). Arms transfers, military spending and insurgencies: What we do (and do not) know about Mozambique. SIPRI: https://www.sipri.org/commentary/blog/2021/arms-transfers-military-spending-and- insurgencies-what-we-do-and-do-not-know-about-mozambique adresinden alındı
  • Taslı, İlkut Taha. (2023). Tarih, Terör, İdeoloji: PKK’nın Tarihi Araçsallaştırması. Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Basılmamış Doktora Tezi.
  • UNSC. (2020). “Twenty-sixth report of the Analytical Support and Sanctions Monitoring Team submitted pursuant to resolution 2368 (2017) concerning ISIL (Da’esh), Al- Qaida and associated individuals and entities.
  • US Embassy in Mozambique. (2021, 03 15). U.S. Government Provides Military Training to Mozambican Marines. US Embassy in Mozambique: https://mz.usembassy.gov/u-s- government-provides-military-training-to-mozambican-marines/ adresinden alındı
  • Weeden, Scott. (2013). Mozambique Project Targets 50 Million Metric Tons Of LNG. Hart Energy: https://www.hartenergy.com/exclusives/mozambique-project-targets-50- million-metric-tons-lng-19205 adresinden alındı
  • World Bank. (2015). Republic of Mozambique Mozambique Energy Sector Policy Note. Wahington DC: World Bank.
  • WorldBank. (2018). Strengthening Mozambique’s Power Grid. Washington DC: WB.
  • Yeni Şafak. (2020, 08 15). Mozambik’te Fransız oyunu: Total yatırım yaptı ülke karıştı. Yeni Şafak: https://www.yenisafak.com/dunya/mozambikte-fransiz-oyunu-total-yatirim- yapti-ulke-karisti-3553151 adresinden alındı

MOZAMBİK’TE DOĞAL GAZ KEŞFİ VE TERÖRİZMİN ORTAYA ÇIKIŞI: BİR ETKİLEŞİM ANALİZİ

Year 2023, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 41 - 52, 27.12.2023

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Mozambik’te 2010 yılında Rovuma havzasında dünyanın en büyük doğal gaz rezervlerinden birinin keşfedilmesi ile 2014 yılında ortaya çıkan selefi/tekfiri terörizm arasında bir etkileşim bulunup bulunmadığını tartışmaktadır. Çalışma çerçevesinde, Mozambik’te genel enerji görünümü ve doğal gaz keşfinin ülkenin enerji ve ekonomi sektörüne etkileri, 2014 yılından itibaren ortaya çıkan selefi/tekfiri terör, ortaya çıkan gelişmelerden etkilenen sektörler ve bu iki gelişmenin uluslararası aktörlere nasıl bir hareket alanı sağladığı incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak bulgular iki fenomen arasında bir bağlantı olduğunu ancak ilişkinin tam doğasının karmaşık bir yapıda bulunduğunu göstermektedir.

References

  • Alfiado, E. R. (2023). Terrorism in Mozambique: Analysis of the Factors that Challenged The Mozambican Government on Resolutıon of the Problem. Africania, c. 3, s.2, 30-54. https://doi.org/10.58851/africania.1317159
  • Aktaş, T. (2021, 03 30). Mozambik’te terör örgütü Ensar’ul Sunna’nın saldırdığı kentte sivilleri kurtarma operasyonu sürüyor. Anadolu Ajansı: https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/mozambikte-teror-orgutu-ensarul-sunnanin-saldirdigi- kentte-sivilleri-kurtarma-operasyonu-suruyor/2192133 adresinden alındı
  • Bloomberg HT. (2022, 11 13). https://www.bloomberght.com/mozambik-avrupa-ya-lng- ihracatina-basladi-2319131. Bloomberg HT: https://www.bloomberght.com/mozambik-avrupa-ya-lng-ihracatina-basladi-2319131 adresinden alındı
  • BP. (2022, 10 14). Press Release - bp begins shipping liquefied natural gas from Mozambique’s first LNG project. BP: https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/news- and-insights/press-releases/bp-begins-shipping-liquefied-natural-gas-from- mozambique-first-lng-project.html adresinden alındı
  • Cuvilas, C., Jirjis, R., & Lucas, C. (2010). Energy situation in Mozambique: A review . 2139-2146 : Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews.
  • Çınar, H. Y. (2021, 07 23). AB’den Mozambik’te enerjik askeri misyon! . Enerji Günlüğü: https://www.enerjigunlugu.net/abden-mozambikte-enerjik-askeri-misyon- 31965yy.htm adresinden alındı
  • DNI. (2023, 05 30). ISIS-Mozambique. Counter Terrorism Guide: https://www.dni.gov/nctc/ftos/isis_mozambique_fto.html adresinden alındı
  • EU. (2021, 04 08). The European Union and Mozambique. EEAS: https://www.eeas.europa.eu/mozambique/european-union-and-mozambique_en?s=111 adresinden alındı
  • France 24. (2021, 03 30). Portugal to send troops to Mozambique after brazen Palma attack by Islamic insurgents. France 24: https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20210330- portugal-to-send-troops-to-mozambique-after-brazen-palma-attack-by-islamic- insurgents adresinden alındı
  • Frühauf, A. (2014). Mozambique’s LNG revolution: A political risk outlook for the Rovuma LNG ventures. Oxford: The Oxford Intstitute For Energy Studies.
  • IRENA. (2012). Mozmbique: Renewable Readiness Assessment 2012. Abu Dabi: IRENA. Isaacman, A. F., & Morton, D. (2012). Harnessing the Zambezi: How Mozambique’s Planned Mphanda Nkuwa Dam Perpetuates the Colonial Past. The International Journal of African Historical Studies, 157-190.
  • Kavak, G. (2022, 03 02). Terör saldırılarındaki ölüm oranları en çok Mozambik’te düştü. Anadolu Ajansı: https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/teror-saldirilarindaki-olum-oranlari- en-cok-mozambikte-dustu/2520911 adresinden alındı
  • Lister, T. (2020, Ekim). Jihadi Insurgency in Mozambique Grows in Sophistication and Reach. CTC Sentinel, s. 35-46.
  • SADC. (2021, 10 10). SAMIM in Brief. SADC: https://www.sadc.int/news-events/news/sadc- mission-mozambique-samim-brief/ adresinden alındı
  • Schlein, L. (2020, 02 07). Thousands Flee Brutal Attacks by Armed Groups in Northern Mozambique. Voice Of America: https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_thousands-flee- brutal-attacks-armed-groups-northern-mozambique/6183877.html adresinden alındı
  • SIPRI. (2023, 05 30). SIPRI Arms Transfer Database. SIPRI: https://www.sipri.org/databases/armstransfers adresinden alındı
  • Smith, J. (2021, 06 29). Arms transfers, military spending and insurgencies: What we do (and do not) know about Mozambique. SIPRI: https://www.sipri.org/commentary/blog/2021/arms-transfers-military-spending-and- insurgencies-what-we-do-and-do-not-know-about-mozambique adresinden alındı
  • Taslı, İlkut Taha. (2023). Tarih, Terör, İdeoloji: PKK’nın Tarihi Araçsallaştırması. Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Basılmamış Doktora Tezi.
  • UNSC. (2020). “Twenty-sixth report of the Analytical Support and Sanctions Monitoring Team submitted pursuant to resolution 2368 (2017) concerning ISIL (Da’esh), Al- Qaida and associated individuals and entities.
  • US Embassy in Mozambique. (2021, 03 15). U.S. Government Provides Military Training to Mozambican Marines. US Embassy in Mozambique: https://mz.usembassy.gov/u-s- government-provides-military-training-to-mozambican-marines/ adresinden alındı
  • Weeden, Scott. (2013). Mozambique Project Targets 50 Million Metric Tons Of LNG. Hart Energy: https://www.hartenergy.com/exclusives/mozambique-project-targets-50- million-metric-tons-lng-19205 adresinden alındı
  • World Bank. (2015). Republic of Mozambique Mozambique Energy Sector Policy Note. Wahington DC: World Bank.
  • WorldBank. (2018). Strengthening Mozambique’s Power Grid. Washington DC: WB.
  • Yeni Şafak. (2020, 08 15). Mozambik’te Fransız oyunu: Total yatırım yaptı ülke karıştı. Yeni Şafak: https://www.yenisafak.com/dunya/mozambikte-fransiz-oyunu-total-yatirim- yapti-ulke-karisti-3553151 adresinden alındı
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Regional Studies, Terrorism in International Relations
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Atakan Şenel 0009-0006-4531-5294

Publication Date December 27, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Şenel, A. (2023). MOZAMBİK’TE DOĞAL GAZ KEŞFİ VE TERÖRİZMİN ORTAYA ÇIKIŞI: BİR ETKİLEŞİM ANALİZİ. Güvenlik Ve İstihbarat Çalışmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 41-52.